front 1 Respiratory acidosis can occur when ________. | back 1 a person's breathing is shallow due to obstruction |
front 2 Catabolism would be best described as a process that ________. | back 2 breaks down complex structures to simpler ones |
front 3 Digestion of which of the following would be affected the most if the liver were severely damaged? | back 3 lipids |
front 4 The mechanism of water reabsorption by the renal tubules is ________. | back 4 osmosis |
front 5 Gluconeogenesis is the process in which ________. | back 5 glucose is formed from noncarbohydrate precursors |
front 6 Chemical digestion of starch begins in the _____. | back 6 mouth |
front 7 Which of the following is not a chemical buffer system? | back 7 nucleic acid |
front 8 The renal ___________ is continuous with the ureter. | back 8 pelvis |
front 9 Acidosis results in increasing levels of what ion? | back 9 Hydrogen |
front 10 The site of electron transport is the: | back 10 mitochondrial inner membrane (cristae) |
front 11 The functional and structural unit of the kidneys is the ________. | back 11 nephron |
front 12 The gall bladder stores and releases bile, but does not produce it. | back 12 True |
front 13 Cholesterol, though it is not an energy molecule, has importance in the body because it ________. | back 13 is a stabilizing component of the plasma membranes and is the parent molecule of steroid hormones |
front 14 In order to prevent self-digestion of the pancreas, activation of pancreatic proteases occurs in the: | back 14 duodenum. |
front 15 Urine passes through the ________. | back 15 pelvis of the kidney to ureter to bladder to urethra |
front 16 The filtration membrane includes all except ________. | back 16 renal fascia |
front 17 The presence of glucose and ketone bodies in the urine can indicate: | back 17 untreated diabetes mellitus. |
front 18 The blood supply to the nephron is the: | back 18 afferent arteriole. |
front 19 Infants are more likely to experience problems regulating acid-base balance because of several factors, including ____________________. | back 19 inefficiency of infant kidneys. |
front 20 The term metabolism is best defined as ________. | back 20 biochemical reactions involved in building cell molecules or breaking down molecules for energy |
front 21 Which of the following statements describes the histology of the ureters? | back 21 They are trilayered (mucosa, muscularis, and adventitia). |
front 22 Peristaltic waves are ________. | back 22 waves of muscular contractions that propel contents from one point to another |
front 23 Lipogenesis occurs when ________. | back 23 cellular ATP and glucose levels are high |
front 24 Blood analysis indicates a low pH, and the patient is breathing rapidly. Given your knowledge of acid-base balance, which of the following is most likely? | back 24 metabolic acidosis |
front 25 A major stimulus for the release of antidiuretic hormone is: | back 25 reduced blood volume. |
front 26 Any arterial pH between _________ is considered physiological acidosis. | back 26 7.0 - 7.35 |
front 27 The dental formula for an adult is 2-1-2-3. What does the 1 stand for? | back 27 canine tooth |
front 28 You have just eaten a meal high in complex carbohydrates. Which of the following enzymes will help to digest the meal? | back 28 amylase |
front 29 Essential nutrients refer to nutrients that are: | back 29 obtained from an outside source because the body cannot make them. |
front 30 Glycolysis is best defined as a catabolic reaction based upon the ________. | back 30 conversion of glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid |
front 31 Place the following in correct sequence from the formation of a drop of urine to its elimination from the body.
| back 31 3, 6, 2, 1, 5, 4 |
front 32 Anabolism includes reactions in which ________. | back 32 larger molecules or structures are built from smaller ones |
front 33 Which gland sits atop each kidney? | back 33 adrenal |
front 34 In the case of a person who consumes a normal, balanced diet, proteins are essential to the body for all of the following except ________. | back 34 production of energy |
front 35 During deglutition, the bolus passes into the stomach from the esophagus through the: | back 35 gastroesophageal sphincter. |
front 36 You have just eaten french fries, buttered toast, ice cream, and whole milk. Which of the following glands would be active in helping you to digest this food? | back 36 The Pancreas |
front 37 Which of the following is not a method for regulating the hydrogen ion concentration in blood? | back 37 Diet |
front 38 The colon includes all of the following regions EXCEPT____. | back 38 longitudinal |
front 39 Chemical digestion reduces large complex molecules to simpler compounds by the process of ________. | back 39 catabolism |
front 40 Which of the choices below is not a function of the urinary system? | back 40 eliminates solid, undigested wastes and excretes carbon dioxide, water, salts, and heat |
front 41 After food is mixed with digestive juices in the stomach, it is referred to as _____. | back 41 Chyme |
front 42 All of the following functions are carried out in the renal tubules, except: | back 42 Filtration |
front 43 Alcohol acts as a diuretic because it ________. | back 43 inhibits the release of ADH |
front 44 Normal arterial blood pH is: | back 44 between 7.35 and 7.45 |
front 45 Which statement is correct? | back 45 Reabsorption of water is hormonally controlled. |
front 46 Which of the following is not true of saliva? | back 46 contains enzymes that begin the breakdown of proteins |
front 47 Which of the following acts as the trigger for the initiation of micturition (voiding)? | back 47 the stretching of the bladder wall |
front 48 The primary reason elderly people should decrease their caloric intake is that ________. | back 48 muscle mass and metabolism decline with age |
front 49 The Bowman's capsule and glomerulus make up the: | back 49 renal corpuscle. |
front 50 When we ingest large molecules such as lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins, they must undergo catabolic reactions whereby enzymes split these molecules. This series of reactions is called ________. | back 50 chemical digestion |
front 51 Annie has just eaten a large order of heavily salted french fries, some pickled eggs, and some cheese. How will consuming this much salt affect her physiology? | back 51 There will be a temporary increase in blood volume. |
front 52 Which of the following is not characteristic of the large intestine? It ________. | back 52 is longer than the small intestine |
front 53 A fluid secreted into the small intestine during digestion that contains cholesterol, emulsification agents, and phospholipids is ________. | back 53 Bile |
front 54 The descending limb of the loop of Henle ________. | back 54 contains fluid that becomes more concentrated as it moves down into the medulla |
front 55 The major source of water loss from the body is: | back 55 Urine |