front 1 The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that is found in the outer membrane of gram negative bacteria is also known as? | back 1 Murein |
front 2 Bacteria are good models to use because they? | back 2 Share many biochemical/ physiological properties with more complicated organisms |
front 3 Which shows the incorrect complementary base pairing? | back 3 G:T |
front 4 The polynucleotide strands of DNA are linked along their lengths by _______ bonds. | back 4 Hydrogen |
front 5 The N terminal in a protein | back 5 Is the end characterized by a free amino group |
front 6 Acidic or basic amino acids are | back 6 Readibly soluble in water, able to form ions and considered hydrophilic |
front 7 Which of the following is not true of bacterial plasmids? | back 7 They are required for host growth and/ or reproduction |
front 8 Water? | back 8 Is polar is referred to as a universal solvent makes up 70% ( by wt) of an organism is often a product or reactant in chemical reactions |
front 9 The opposite results obtained by scientists apparently doing the same experiments in investigating spontaneous generation? | back 9 Shows the importance of repeating experiments shows the importance of exactly duplicating experimental conditions led to further experiments that ultimately furthered knowledge |
front 10 A weak, attractive force between nearby molecules is called a ? | back 10 Hydrogen bond |
front 11 Carbohydrates? | back 11 May interconvert between ring and linear structures |
front 12 The microscope which allows the specimen to appear 3-dimensional is the? | back 12 Interference microscope |
front 13 ATP is best described as? | back 13 The energy molecule of cells |
front 14 Which of the following strains is/are considered differential? | back 14 Acid fast stain and gram stain |
front 15 Bacteria and Archean ribosomes are known as _______ ribosomes, based on their sedimentation coefficient. | back 15 70s |
front 16 The subunits ( building blocks) of proteins are? | back 16 Amino acids |
front 17 Although penicillin inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis, bacterial cells will continue to grow normally in the presence of penicillin in an ________ environment. | back 17 Isotonic |
front 18 A microbiologist obtained two pure isolated biological samples: one of the virus, and one a viroid . The labels came off during a move from one lab table to the next , however. The scientists felt she could distinguish between the two samples by analyzing for the presence of a single type of molecule. What type of molecule would she be looking for to differentiate between the two? | back 18 Protein |
front 19 Amino acids in proteins are linked to one another by peptide bonds between the? | back 19 Carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another |
front 20 Immunofluorescence ? | back 20 Uses fluorescently tagged molecules, makes use of the specificity in binding of antibodies and would require a special UV microscope |
front 21 Which is true of simple diffusion of water? | back 21 Water usually enters a cell and produces a tremendous osmotic pressure and the diffusion ultimately relies on the selectively permeable nature of the cell membrane. |
front 22 The sugars found in nuclei can acids consists of ? | back 22 5 carbon atoms |
front 23 The purines of DNA are? | back 23 Adenine and guanine |
front 24 Which may be or is an RNA molecule ? | back 24 GGGCCCA and GCCCUUA |
front 25 The idea of spontaneous generation postulated that? | back 25 Living organisms could spontaneously arise from Non-living material |
front 26 In general, when saturated fats are compared to unsaturated fats ( assuming the same number of carbon atoms in the molecule) | back 26 Unsaturated fats have a lower melting temperature |
front 27 GCCCAAG is a molecule of? | back 27 Cannot tell as written |
front 28 HIV/AIDS can be categorized as a new or emerging infectious disease. By putting it into a category , we are effectively saying that | back 28 This infection hasn't been observed in the human population prior to recent ( approximately years or so sooner) outbreaks |
front 29 Which is not true about enzymes? | back 29 Have high-energy bonds between phosphates |
front 30 What type of binding holds one strand of DNA to the complementary strand of DNA? | back 30 Hydrogen |
front 31 Shrinkage of the plasma membrane away from the cell wall when the bacterium is placed in hypertonic environment is called? | back 31 Plasmolysis |
front 32 All of the following pertain to 14 C except it? 6 | back 32 Has 14 neutrons |
front 33 In viewing a microscope specimen , oil is used to? | back 33 Decrease the refraction and increase the resolution |
front 34 Prior to staining , smears of microorganisms are heat fixed in order to | back 34 Attach it firmly to the slide |
front 35 Viruses are often referred to as ? | back 35 Infectious agents |
front 36 Which of the following is found in RNA but not in DNA? | back 36 Ribose and Uracil |
front 37 The cell type which lack a membrane bound nucleus are found in the ? | back 37 Prokaryotes and Archaea |
front 38 Which is true of carbohydrates? | back 38 They may be part of the structure of bacteria the may serve as a source of food they contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio they may be bonded to proteins to form glycoproteins |
front 39 Endospores are? | back 39 A dormant cell type |
front 40 Penicillin would be most effective against ? | back 40 Growing bacteria and gram positive bacteria |
front 41 The scientific name of an organism includes its? | back 41 Genes and species |
front 42 The term antiparellel ? | back 42 Referees to the opposite orientation of the two strands in DNA |
front 43 Proteins that are loosely attached to the cytoplasmic membrane are called? | back 43 Peripheral |
front 44 The energy storage form of ATP? | back 44 Contains ribose |
front 45 Endospores represents a challenge to the fields of industrial and medical microbiology because? | back 45 They are resistant to harsh environments, thus allowing survival of spore forming organisms under conditions in which nonsporulating cells would not survive and spore forming organisms are often dangerous pathogens are correct. |
front 46 The valence number is the? | back 46 Number of outermost electron |
front 47 Phagocytosis? | back 47 Is the ingestion of particles and may be performed by animal cells |
front 48 Scientists recently cloned Luis Pasteur and put him back to work in the lab. He promptly developed a gel that breaks down proteins. Since he hasn't been around for some time; he's unsure what the best application for his invention might be. Help him out what pathogenic item would this gel be most effective and safe at eliminating? | back 48 Viruses on the surface of the skin |
front 49 Viruses ? | back 49 Are obligate intracellular parasites |
front 50 The twisted ladder shape of DNA is a result of the covalently bonded building blocks called? | back 50 Nucleotides |
front 51 A research laboratory is investigating environmental factors that would inhibit growth of Archaea. One question they have is if adding the antibiotic penicillin would be effective in controlling their growth. What do you think the outcome would be if they tried this? | back 51 The penicillin wouldn't affect the archaea because it prevents crosslinking of peptidoglycan-Archaea don't have this compound in their cell walls |
front 52 The system by which organisms are named is referred to as ? | back 52 Nomenclature |
front 53 A monosaccharide with 5 carbon atoms will have __________ hydrogen atoms and ________ oxygen atoms. | back 53 10,5 |
front 54 Which group below contain single- celled and multicellular organisms? | back 54 Algae and fungi |
front 55 The term used to describe bacteria that are rod shaped is? | back 55 Bacillus |
front 56 If electrons are gained or lost in the formation of a bond, the bond is termed ? | back 56 Isotonic |
front 57 The nucleus? | back 57 Is a double membrane sac containing DNA and is found in eukaryotes |
front 58 A microscope that exposes specimens to ultraviolet, violet, or blue light and forms an image within the light emitted at a different wavelength is called? | back 58 Fluorescence |
front 59 If while investigating spontaneous generation, Pasteur had his laboratory located in a stable? | back 59 The results would, most likely, have supported the idea of spontaneous generation |
front 60 Which molecules are associated with the cell wall of gram positive bacteria? | back 60 Peptidoglycan, D- form amino acids and teichoic acids |
front 61 Viruses may only be grown ? | back 61 In living cells |
front 62 Which is not usually true of Archaea ? | back 62 They contain peptidoglycan as part of their cell walls |
front 63 Rotating the following answers any way necessary, but not changing their sequence, which are complementary to the sequence 5' AGGCUAAC 3'? | back 63 3' TCCGATTC 5' |
front 64 Endotoxin? | back 64 Consist of LPS |
front 65 In the gram staining procedures, the primary stain us? | back 65 Crystal violet |
front 66 A new drug is developed that targets and binds to the lipid A portion of LPS from gram negative bacterial cells. This drug shows a high degree of activity and binding in a test tube setting against purified lipid A. Based on this info? | back 66 We should next proceed by moving to testing in a test tube using whole gram negative cells to see if it binds with the same strength. |
front 67 Bacteria are present on the body? | back 67 Constantly |
front 68 Charged atoms are termed? | back 68 Ions |
front 69 All of the following are monosaccharides except? | back 69 Glycogen |
front 70 Extrachromasomal DNA is found in ________. | back 70 Mitochondria and plasmids |
front 71 How many times more acidic is a solution with a pH of 3 than a solution with a pH of 6? | back 71 1000 |
front 72 The atomic number for an atom of a specific element is equal to? | back 72 The number of protons in a single atom of that element |
front 73 The major criteria used in placing bacteria into different groups is based on differences in? | back 73 Cell wall structure |
front 74 Bacteria are useful to study because? | back 74 They produce protein in a similar manner to more complex organisms they replicate DNA in a similar manner to more complex organisms they produce energy in a similar manner to more complex organisms they are grown quickly, easily, and cheaply. |
front 75 pH? | back 75 Is a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration |
front 76 The components of fats are fatty acids and? | back 76 Glycerol |
front 77 Ionic bonds? | back 77 Results from transferring electrons |
front 78 Outside a cell, viruses are? | back 78 Inactive |
front 79 The gram staining procedure is an example of? | back 79 Differential staining |
front 80 The order of reagents in the gram stain reaction are? | back 80 Crystal violet, iodine, alcohol and safranin |
front 81 Protein denaturation can? | back 81 Occur due to certain chemicals occur due to pH changes occur due to high temperature cause the protein to no longer function |
front 82 The helices and sheets of amino acids from a proteins ? | back 82 Secondary structure |
front 83 Which is the correct form? | back 83 Staphylococcus aeurus and S. Aureus |
front 84 Which of the following is useful in distinguishing between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? | back 84 The presence of a membrane-delimited organelles within the cytoplasm |
front 85 Basic dyes? | back 85 Have positive charges |
front 86 Atoms that gain electrons are now? | back 86 Negatively charged |
front 87 Which of the following represents a synthesis reaction? | back 87 A+B ----> AB |
front 88 The proteins of bacteria that are involved in the movement of small molecules into the cell, are called? | back 88 Transport proteins, permeases and carriers |
front 89 The alpha helix and beta pleated sheet are examples of? | back 89 Secondary structures |
front 90 The carbohydrates found in nucleic acids are? | back 90 Ribose and deoxyribose |
front 91 The type of chemical bond linking amino acids together is a ? | back 91 Peptide bond |
front 92 Which microscope would be the best selection for examination of a virus? | back 92 Scanning electron microscope |
front 93 Cellulose is a major component of plants and is only directly digested by? | back 93 Microorganisms |
front 94 The characteristics common to all lipids is their? | back 94 Solubility in organic solvents and hydrophobic nature |
front 95 A 45X objective and a 10X ocular produce a total magnification of? | back 95 450X |
front 96 The most important feature of a protein is its ? | back 96 Shape |
front 97 Chemotaxis is a process by which bacteria? | back 97 Move toward an attractant or away from a repellent |
front 98 The primary structure in a protein? | back 98 Refers to the sequence of amino acids |
front 99 Endospores represent a challenge to the fields of industrial and medical microbiology? | back 99 Endospores are resistant to harsh environments, thus allowing survival of endospore forming organisms under conditions in which non endospore forming cells would not survive, and endospore forming organisms are often dangerous pathogens. |
front 100 C6 H12 O6 + C6 H12 O6----> C12 H22 O11+ H20 represents? | back 100 Dehydration synthesis |