front 1 | back 1 Courvoisier's GB Distension without wall thickening due to obstruction distal to the cystic duct *Panncreatic head mass * Duodenal papilla mass *CBD mass |
front 2 RUQ pain Jaundice recurrent cholangitis | back 2 Mirizzi SYndrome impacted stone in the cystic duct or GB neck presence of two tubular structures representing the bile duct above the level of the cystic duct |
front 3 | back 3 Mirizzi SYndrome impacted stone in the cystic duct or GB neck presence of two tubular structures representing the bile duct above the level of the cystic duct |
front 4 Patient has been fed intravenously for 3 days. | back 4 Sludge highly concentrated bile |
front 5 Gravity dependent | back 5 Cholelithiasis Mobile, hyperechoic, round or triangular structures casting a well defined posterior acoustic shadowing Will change when patient’s body position changes (Gravity dependent) |
front 6 RUQ pain fever leukocytosis Positive Murphy's sign | back 6 Acute cholecystitis inflamation of the GB wall w/ stone |
front 7 Diabetic RUQ pain fever leukocytosis | back 7 Emphysematous Cholecystitis Gas forming bacteria in gallbladder wall yields to high intensity echoes and comet tail artifact |
front 8 RUQ pain fever leukocytosis | back 8 Empyema of the gallbladder |
front 9 | back 9 Perforation in the gallbladder wall |
front 10 Typically secondary event in critically ill | back 10 Acalculus Cholecystitis Inflammation of GB wall without stones |
front 11 | back 11 Chronic Cholecystitis Contracted gallbladder with acoustic shadowing from cholelithiasis Thick hyperechoic gallbladder wall greater than 4 – 5 mm Sludge may be present |
front 12 patient present with chronic Cholecytitis | back 12 Milk of calcium Bile (Limy bile) |
front 13 Asymptomatic with palpable RUQ mass | back 13 Hydrops GB Greater than 4cm in diameter |
front 14 Female patient with Chronic Cholecystitis | back 14 Porcelain GB Calcification of GB wall due to chronic cholecytitis |
front 15 | back 15 Gangrenous Cholecystitis |
front 16 | back 16 GB Ademoma epithelial tumor overgrowth of the lining |
front 17 | back 17 GB Ademoma epithelial tumor overgrowth of the lining |
front 18 Asymptomatic | back 18 Gallbladder Adenomyomatosis diverticulum of the GB Focal, segmental or diffuse smooth muscle proliferation with exaggerated diverticular appearance of the Rokitansky – Aschoff sinuses into the muscular wall |
front 19 | back 19 Gallbladder Cholesterolosis Non shadowing, hyperechoic, polyp Strawberry GB Lipids |
front 20 60 year old with long standing cholecystitis and porcelain GB | back 20 Gallbladder Carcinoma Most commonly a mass from the gallbladder fossa replaces the gallbladder and invades adjacent liver. Focal or diffuse irregular gallbladder wall thickening Polypoid intramural lesions with irregular borders |
front 21 Stage 4 colon cancer | back 21 Gallbladder Metastasis commonly from stomach, pancreas and bile ducts |
front 22 RUQ pain Jaundice Elevated Alkaline phosphatase Elevated conjugated bilirubin Elevated Gamma gluamyl transpeptidase | back 22 Choledocholithiasis obstrution by biliary stone |
front 23 RUQ pain Fever Jaundice Elevated Conjugated bilirubin Elevated Alkaline phosphatase ALP Elevated GGT Elevated amylase and lipase Elevated white blood count | back 23 Cholangitis inflamation of the duct walls |
front 24 asymptomatic biliary colic cholangitis Poor hygiene | back 24 Ascariasis infection of round worms |
front 25 asymptomatic biliary colic cholangitis Poor hygiene | back 25 Ascariasis infection of round worms |
front 26 Pain Hematemesis caused by procedures or biopsy | back 26 Hemobilia blood in the biliary tree caused by procedures or biopsy |
front 27 Patient recently had ERCP | back 27 pneumobilia Air within the biliary tree |
front 28 Jaundice weight loss abdominal pain | back 28 Cholangiocarcinoma typically originate within the extrahepatic bile ducts |
front 29 Neonate presents with Jaundice for 14+ days | back 29 Biliary Atresia Congenital cystic formation without dilated interhepatic ducts |
front 30 congenital hepatic fibrosis Portal hypertension | back 30 Caroli's Disease congenital cystic dilatation of the intrahepatic biliary tree |
front 31 9 year old Japanese patient | back 31 Choledochal Cyst Congenital cystic dilation of the extrahpatic biliary tree |
front 32 | back 32 Klatskin Tumor malignant tumor arising between the left and right hepatic ducts |
front 33 Patient in Great Lakes basin | back 33 Liver granulomas |
front 34 Hypoechoic renal cortex obese Type II diabetes | back 34 Fatty infiltration |
front 35 | back 35 Fat Sparing |
front 36
| back 36 focal fatty infiltration |
front 37 Infant impaired growth hypoglycemia CHF delayed puberty osteoporosis | back 37 Glycogen Storage Disease Autosomal recessive disorder of carb metabolism found in infants seen with adenomas |
front 38 Elevated ALT AST Bilirubin con & un | back 38 Acute Hepatitis Generally normal but can have portal cuffing (starry sky) |
front 39 Elevated ALT AST Bilirubin con & un | back 39 Chronic Hepatitis course texture increased echogenicity |
front 40 chronic hepatitis alcoholism elevated AST ALT GGT LDH conjugated bilirubin | back 40 Cirrhosis nodular and course heterogenic Ascites |
front 41 | back 41 Cirrhosis nodular and course heterogenic Ascites |
front 42 asymptomatic sudden painless upper GI hemorrhage due to ruptures esophageal varices | back 42 Portal Hypertension |
front 43 | back 43 Portal Hypertension |
front 44 | back 44 Budd-Chiari Life threatening emergency |
front 45 | back 45 Portal vein Thrombosis - cavernous transformation replacement of the normal single channel portal vein with numerous tortuous venous channels. |
front 46 50+ | back 46 Cysts True cysts are congenital other cysts lack an epithelial lining and are not true cysts |
front 47 Presentation Fever pain N&V Leukocytosis Elevated LFTs | back 47 Pyogenic (bacterial) abscess |
front 48 Presentation fever pain diarrhea Leukocytosis Elevated LFTs | back 48 Amebic abscess contaminated food or water usually in colon but can invade the liver through the portal vein fever pain diarrhea |
front 49 May also present wheel within a wheel Bull's eye Echogenic focus | back 49 Candidiasis early wheel within wheel later hypoechoic |
front 50 # cause of portal hypertension | back 50 Schistosomiasis #1 cause of portal hypertension in the world. Not common in US but estimated 400,000 infected people have immigrated parasitic infection mainly in Egypt
|
front 51 Sheep herder | back 51 Echinococcal Cyst Sheep Herders AKA Hydatid Cyst |
front 52 Sheep herder | back 52 Echinococcal Cyst Sheep Herders AKA Hydatid Cyst |
front 53 Water lily Sheep herder | back 53 Echinococcal Cyst Sheep Herders AKA Hydatid Cyst |
front 54 24 year old female on birth control pills Pain | back 54 Liver Adenoma Females taking birth control *Hypoechoic *Hyperechoic *Isoechoic *Mixed |
front 55 enlarge with pregnancy | back 55 Cavernous Hemangioma |
front 56 | back 56 Hepatic lipoma |
front 57 Asymptomatic | back 57 Focal Nodular Hyperplasia abnormally arranged hepatocytes Second most common benign liver mass |
front 58 6 month old female abdominal mass CHF | back 58 Hemangioendothelioma Benign condition of overgrowth of endothelium of capillaries Found in infants Usually seen as hepatic lesions that are predominantly hypoechoic; however, hepatic lesions can also have mixed echotexture or be predominantly hyperechoic. |
front 59 Two year old with palpable mass on right side | back 59 Mesenchymal hamartoma rare developmental cystic tumor of the lover complex mass more common in rt lobe |
front 60 3 year old abdominal enlargement weight loss nausea and vomiting marked elevation of AFP | back 60 Hepatoblastoma malignant germ cell tumor most common malignant liver tumor of children under 3 associated with Beckwith Wiedermann |
front 61 Patient with cirrhosis | back 61 Hepatocellular Carcinoma solid multiple diffuse |
front 62 | back 62 Hemangiosarcoma rare in 60 - 80 related to exposure of thorotrast, arsenic or polyvinyl chloride large mixed mass |
front 63 Liver mets from ? | back 63 Metastasis to the liver colon Most common |
front 64 Liver mets from ? | back 64 Metastasis to the liver Breast |
front 65 Liver mets from ? | back 65 Metastasis to the liver Lung |
front 66 Liver mets from ? | back 66 Lymphoma |
front 67 Pain hypertension after car accident | back 67 Liver hematoma |
front 68 | back 68 Annular Pancreas |
front 69 6 year old present | back 69 Cystic Fibrosis autosomal Recessive Pancreas appears hyperechoic due to microcystic changes, increased fibrotic and fat |
front 70 severe constant, intense pain radiating to the back N & V fever sweating paralytic ilius elevated amylase 48 - 78 hours elevated lipase 5 - 7 days WBC | back 70 Acute Pancreatitis |
front 71 severe constant, intense pain radiating to the back N & V fever sweating paralytic ilius elevated amylase 48 - 78 hours decreased hematocrit & calcium | back 71 Hemorrhagic Pancreatitis Type of acute pancreatitis 2% to 5% significant fat necrosis that results in rupture of pancreatic vessels and secondary hemorrhage |
front 72 N & V fever sweating paralytic ilius elevated amylase 48 - 78 hours elevated lipase 5 - 7 days WBC | back 72 Phlegmonous Pancreatitis Type of acute pancreatitis 18% enlarged solid inflammatory mass with retroperitoneal fat necrosis usually lesser sac is involved |
front 73 | back 73 Pancreatic Abscess infection of necrotic pancreatic and retroperitoneal fat |
front 74 persistently elevated amylase and lipase | back 74 Pancreatic Psydocyst Spherical fluid collection of pancreatic enzymes that arise from inflamatory, necrotic and hemorrhage processes of the pancrreas |
front 75 persistently elevated amylase and lipase | back 75 Pancreatic Psydocyst Spherical fluid collection of pancreatic enzymes that arise from inflamatory, necrotic and hemorrhage processes of the pancrreas |
front 76 persistently elevated amylase and lipase | back 76 Pancreatic Psydocyst Spherical fluid collection of pancreatic enzymes that arise from inflamatory, necrotic and hemorrhage processes of the pancrreas |
front 77 N & V flatulence weight loss | back 77 Chronic Pancreatitis Ongoing inflammation that results in permanent damage |
front 78 N & V flatulence weight loss | back 78 Chronic Pancreatitis Ongoing inflammation that results in permanent damage |
front 79 Mid epigastric Pain weight loss jaundice palpable mass | back 79 Cystadenoma multiple cystic masses that contain secreted material |
front 80 Mid epigastric Pain weight loss jaundice palpable mass | back 80 Mucinous Cystic / Cystadenocarcinoma malignant tumor from glandular tissue in which secretions are oobtained |
front 81 25 year old female with vague abdominal pain | back 81 Serious Cystadenoma / Microcystic adenoma type of serous cystadenoma lobulated mass of numerous small cysts |
front 82 Most common cause of malignant neoplasm abdominal / back pain jaundice weight loss | back 82 Adenocarcinoma arises from the epithelium and involves the exocrine portion of the pancreas |
front 83 The most common form of fusion anomaly of the kidneys | back 83 Horseshoe Kidneys |
front 84 The most common form of fusion anomaly of the kidneys | back 84 Horseshoe Kidneys |
front 85 | back 85 Crossed fused Renal Ectopia |
front 86 Right kidney | back 86 Junctional Parenchymal Defect |
front 87 often seen with hydronephrosis in the upper pole | back 87 Duplex Kidney Seen in 15% of population |
front 88 | back 88 Duplex Kidney |
front 89 | back 89 Extrarenal Pelvis |
front 90 Male neonate | back 90 Posterior Urethral valves |
front 91 30 year old male presents for a renal ultrasound liver & spleen cysts | back 91 Adult Polycystic Kidney Disease |
front 92 infant presents with renal dysfunction | back 92 Infantile Polycystic Kidney Disease results from cystic dilation of the collecting tubules |
front 93 Most common cause of abdominal mass in newborns unilateral | back 93 Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney |
front 94 chronic renal failure hemodialysis | back 94 Aquired Cystic Disease multiple cysts in failing kidney during long term hemodialysis hemorrhage often occurs |
front 95 | back 95 Medullary Sponge Kidney congenital dysplastic dilatation of the medullary pyramids due to tubular ectasia or dysplasia medullary neprocalcinosis |
front 96 | back 96 medullary neprocalcinosis |
front 97 hypercalcemia hypercalciuria | back 97 Nephrocalcinosis |
front 98 20 year old presents with visual impairments | back 98 Von Hippel-Lindau Disease inhearited usually present in 2nd to 3rd decade |
front 99 right kidney | back 99 Angiomyolipoma benign fatter renal tumor 80% involve right kidney echogenicity is gretr than of equal to the renal sinus |
front 100 right kidney | back 100 Angiomyolipoma benign fatter renal tumor 80% involve right kidney echogenicity is gretr than of equal to the renal sinus |
front 101 seizures mental retardation facial angiofibroma bilateral Angiomyolipomas | back 101 Tuberous Sclerosis genetic |
front 102 Most common solid renal mass in adults hematuria flank pain palpable mass lung mets | back 102 Renal Cell Carcinoma |
front 103 Most common solid renal mass in adults hematuria flank pain palpable mass lung mets | back 103 Renal Cell Carcinoma |
front 104 generally appear as hypoechoic or diffuse enlargement | back 104 Renal Metastases |
front 105 3 years large asymptomatic flank amss hypertension fever hematuria | back 105 Wilm's Tumor 3 years 90% survival |
front 106 | back 106 Acute Pyelonephritis travel from bladder AKA acute focal bateria nephritis / lobar nephritis |
front 107 | back 107 Acute Pyelonephritis travel from bladder AKA acute focal bateria nephritis / lobar nephritis |
front 108 diabetic | back 108 Emphysematous pyelonephritis Gas in the kidney nephroectomy is usually required |
front 109 small hyperechoic kidneys with cortical thinning | back 109 Chronic Pyelonephritis due to recurrent renal infection |
front 110 type of Chronic Pyelonephritis | back 110 Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis XGPN Chronic Pyelonephritis due to stone |
front 111 type of Chronic Pyelonephritis | back 111 Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis XGPN Chronic Pyelonephritis due to stone |
front 112 due to secondary infection from renal obstrution | back 112 Pyonephrosis |
front 113 | back 113 Mycetoma (fungal ball) candidiasis is the most common Non shadowing hyperechoic mass |
front 114 Most common cause of acute renal failure prolonged drugs or contrast agents | back 114 Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN) |
front 115 hematuria proteinuria azotemia red blood cell casts in urine | back 115 Acute Glomerulonephritis gomerular damage caused by autoimmune infection toxins |
front 116 anagesic abuse diabetes mellitus UTI and obstruction sickle cell CHF | back 116 Papillary Necrosis |
front 117 | back 117 Renal Sinus Lipomatosis |
front 118 benign prostatic hypertrophy | back 118 Bladder diverticula |
front 119 | back 119 Urachal Cyst |
front 120 | back 120 Ureteroceles |
front 121 Most common bladder neoplasm hematuria hydronephrosis | back 121 Transitional Cell Carcinoma |
front 122 Most common bladder neoplasm hematuria hydronephrosis | back 122 Transitional Cell Carcinoma |
front 123 | back 123 Lymphocele |
front 124 most common germ cell tumor white male smoker infertility | back 124 Seminoma |
front 125 25 - 35 year olds most aggressive testicular cancer elevated beta-hcg elevated AFp | back 125 Embryonal Cell carcinoma |
front 126 common in infants 25 - 35 year olds | back 126 Testicular Teratoma |
front 127 most common testicular tumor in infants and young children elevated afp | back 127 Yolk sac tumors |
front 128 20 - 30 year old elevated beta-Hcg | back 128 Choriocarcinoma |
front 129 5-10 year old - benign precocious puberty feminizing features (gynecomastia) | back 129 Leydig Cell tumors |
front 130 appears in 10% of population | back 130 Epidermoid Cysts benign testicular cyst |
front 131 fever scrotal pain swelling untreated orchitis | back 131 Testicular abscess co |
front 132 | back 132 Testiular Pearls testicular calcification |
front 133 40% have neoplasm asscoiation | back 133 Microlithiasis |
front 134 trauma torsion | back 134 Testicular infarct |
front 135 trauma pain | back 135 scrotal Hematocele |
front 136 trauma pain swelling fever leukocytosis | back 136 scrotal pyocele |
front 137 most common fluid collection of the testicle | back 137 Hydrocele serious fluid between the tunica vaginalis |
front 138 left side most common correctible cause of male infertility | back 138 Varicocele |
front 139 left side most common correctible cause of male infertility | back 139 Varicocele |
front 140 swollen scrotum persistent or intermittent palpable mass abdominal pain blood in stool | back 140 Scrotal Hernia |
front 141 most common extratesticular tumor | back 141 adenomatoid tumor |
front 142 | back 142 Spermatoceles AKA Epididymal Cysts result of dilation of the epididymal tubules |
front 143 most common condition that causes scrotal pain possible fever pyuria STD UTI | back 143 Epididymitis inflammation of epididymis usually due to UTI |
front 144 pain usually during rest or sleep N & V | back 144 torsion less than 6 hours 80% + salvage 6 - 12 hours 70% salvage 12 + hours :( |
front 145 most common cause of mender 35 is chlamidia pain elevated WBC | back 145 Orchitis |
front 146 50+ year old man difficult voiding urinary frequency small stream | back 146 Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia usually in transitional zones |
front 147 | back 147 Mullerian Duct Cyst usually midline |
front 148 | back 148 Utricle Cysts usually midline |
front 149 | back 149 Retention cyst usually lateral |
front 150 | back 150 Ejaculatory duct cyst Usually lateral & central |
front 151 pain rectal and prostate tenderness Fever | back 151 Prostatitis |
front 152 | back 152 Accessory Spleen |
front 153 | back 153 Splenic granulomas focal lesions resulting from previous infection |
front 154 | back 154 Hemangioma |
front 155 | back 155 Splenic infarct common in patients with bacterial endocarditis and splenic artery aneurysms |
front 156 general abdominal sepsis | back 156 Splenic Abscess |
front 157 | back 157 Splenic Artery Aneurysm |
front 158 | back 158 Crus of the diaphragm |
front 159 | back 159 Crus of the diaphragm |
front 160 | back 160 Crus of the diaphragm |
front 161 asymptomatic cushing's conn's | back 161 Adreanal Adenoma |
front 162 cushing's | back 162 Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma |
front 163 hypertension headache palpitations tachycardia anxiety excessive persperation | back 163 Pheochromocytoma tumor arising from the adrenal medusa |
front 164 most common childhood adrenal mass | back 164 Adrenal Neuroblastoma |
front 165 | back 165 Myelolipoma benign, nonfunctioning adrenal masses that contain fat |
front 166 large neonate difficult birth | back 166 Adrenal Hemorrahage |
front 167 Caucasian male 75 year old hypertension abdominal, back and leg pain palpable abdominal mass | back 167 Fusiform aneurysms |
front 168 | back 168 Sacular aneurysms rare |
front 169 | back 169 Pseudoaneurysm |
front 170 tearing back pain shock headache abdominal pain | back 170 Aortic Dissection |
front 171 tearing back pain | back 171 Aortic Dissection |
front 172 | back 172 Gastoesophageal Junction |
front 173 Pain over McBurney's point umbilical pain shifting to RLQ loss of appetite leukocytosis rebound tenderness | back 173 Acute appendicitis |
front 174 3 - 6 months old projectile vomiting palpable olive shaped abdominal mass | back 174 Hypertrophic Pyoric Stenosis |
front 175 Fever leukocytosis LLQ pain | back 175 Diverticulitis |
front 176 abdominal distension pain vomiting hypotension leukocytosis | back 176 Small bowel Obstruction |
front 177 | back 177 Colon obstruction |
front 178 vomiting abdominal pain rectal bleeding | back 178 Intussception |
front 179 vomiting | back 179 Intussception |
front 180 | back 180 Biloma |
front 181 renal trauma renal transplant | back 181 Urinoma |
front 182 failed thompson test | back 182 Achilles Tendon Rupture |
front 183 inability to extend knee | back 183 Patellar tendon Rupture |
front 184 matted bowel loops malignant ascites | back 184 Pseudomyxoma Peritonel |
front 185 no data | back 185 Hematoma |
front 186 sandwich sign | back 186 Lymphadenopathy |
front 187 carpet layer | back 187 Baker's Cyst |
front 188 2nd most common tumor of the hand and wrist | back 188 Giant Cell tumor (ganglion cyst) |
front 189 | back 189 Rectus Sheath Hematoma |