front 1 What is a chain of more than 50 amino acids? | back 1 Protein |
front 2 What is HCO3? | back 2 Bicarbonate Ion |
front 3 Sucrose is a ____________________ | back 3 Disaccharide |
front 4 Which property of water is demonstrated when we sweat? | back 4 High Heat of Vaporation |
front 5 Salts are always _____________ | back 5 Ionic compounds |
front 6 Stress protiens are a type of protein called ______________________ | back 6 Chaperons |
front 7 What is not a uses for the ATP molecule? | back 7 Pigment structure |
front 8 What is the major positive ion outside cells? | back 8 Sodium |
front 9 The basic structural material of the body consists of __________ | back 9 Proteins |
front 10 What protien type is vitally important to cell function in all types of stressful circumstances? | back 10 Molecular Chaparones |
front 11 A single most abundent protein in the body is | back 11 Collagen |
front 12 What would be regarded as an organic molecule? | back 12 CH4 |
front 13 What element is necessary fro proper conduction of nervous impulses? | back 13 Na |
front 14 The four elements that make up about 96% of body matter are: | back 14 Carbon Oxygen Hydrogen Nitrogen |
front 15 A chemical reaction in which bonds are broken is usually associated with _____________________ | back 15 The release of energy |
front 16 Fibrosis tissue repair involves the formation of ________________ | back 16 Scar Tissue |
front 17 A gene can best be defined as | back 17 The blueprint for protein structure |
front 18 What is the correct base pairing rules for DNA? | back 18 Adenine bonds to Thymine Guanine bonds to Cytosine |
front 19 What is the powerhouse of the cell? | back 19 Mitochondria |
front 20 What is NOT classified as a connective tissue? | back 20 Skeletal muscle |
front 21 A red blood cell placed in an isotonic solution would ______________ | back 21 Swell and burst |
front 22 Describe the plasma membrane: | back 22 A phospholipid bilayer surrounding the cell |
front 23 The two types of endocytosis is | back 23 Phagocystosis and pinocytosis |
front 24 The movement of fluid through the cell membrane from a high pressure area to a lower pressure area is called _________________ | back 24 Diffusion |
front 25 A cancer drug interferes with the development of mitotic spindle fibers during cell division. Which phase is directly affected? | back 25 Prophase |
front 26 The 3 major components of the cytoplasm are the | back 26 Cytosol Organells Inclusions |
front 27 The function of the centrioles include: | back 27 Organizing the mitotic spindle in cell division |
front 28 What type of tissue conducts electrochemical impulses? | back 28 Nervous tissue |
front 29 The correct order of the phases of mitosis are: | back 29 Profase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase |
front 30 The main component of cytosol is ________________ | back 30 Water |
front 31 Cell that swims and is propelled by a long tail | back 31 Flagella |
front 32 A good example of a positive feedback mechanism would be ________________ | back 32 Enhancement of labor contractions |
front 33 ____________________ cavities are spaces within joints | back 33 Synovial |
front 34 ______________mechanisims work to prevent sudden severe changes within the body | back 34 Negative feedback |
front 35 The dorsal cavity is the site of the ____________ | back 35 Brain |
front 36 _____________________is considered the cause of most diseases | back 36 Homeostatic imbalance |
front 37 An oblique cut is one that is cut ______________________ | back 37 Diagonally between vertical and horizontal planes |
front 38 The body system in order to simplest to the most complex | back 38 Atoms Molecules Cells Tissues Organs |
front 39 What term means toward or at the back of the body, behind? | back 39 Dorsal |
front 40 What is a vertical section through the body dividing it into anterial and posterior regions called? | back 40 Frontal |
front 41 Cranial cavity | back 41 Brain |
front 42 The heart lies in the ___________________cavity | back 42 pericardial |
front 43 A structure that is composed of two or more tissue types that work together to perform specific functions of the body is an ____________ | back 43 Organ |
front 44 The single most abundant chemical substance of the body, accounting for 60-70% of body weight is ___________________ | back 44 Water |
front 45 What is a vertical section through the body dividing it into left and right | back 45 Sagittal |
front 46 Histology is best defined as the study of __________ | back 46 Tissues |
front 47 The body cavities that protect the nervous system are located in the _____________ cavity | back 47 Dorsal |
front 48 What is the main, general purpose of negative feedback? | back 48 To maintain homeostasis |
front 49 The skeletal system is composed of | back 49 Bones Joints Cartilage Ligaments |
front 50 How many bones are in the body | back 50 206 |
front 51 What is the main function of the skeletal system? | back 51 Supports body weight |
front 52 What are the functions of the skeletal system? | back 52 Supports body weight Supports and protects soft organs With muscles, enables body movement Stores important minerals Contains bone marrow |
front 53 What does bone marrow in the skeletal system do? | back 53 Produces blood cells |
front 54 What important minerals does the skeletal system store? | back 54 calcium and phosphorus |
front 55 What organ stimulates red blood cell production? | back 55 Kidneys |
front 56 Name the two types of Ossification | back 56 Intramembranous ossification Endochondral ossification |
front 57 Replacement of thin connective tissue membrane with bone Located in flat bones | back 57 Intramembranous ossification |
front 58 Replacement of fetal cartilage skeleton with bone Located in long, irregular and short bones | back 58 Endochondral ossification |
front 59 What occurs at the epipyseal disk? | back 59 Oseoblasts invade cartilage in disc and they mature inot osteocytes (bone) |
front 60 What can affect bone growth? | back 60 Growth horomones Estrogen Testosterone |
front 61 What is the sculptor of hollow bones called | back 61 Osteoclasts |
front 62 What is the builder of deposits bone on outer surface of the bones | back 62 Osteoblasts |
front 63 What is Osteoclastic activity called | back 63 Resorption |
front 64 What is the name of the joint also known as the suture line in the skull called _____________ and it is _______________? | back 64 Synarthroses immovable |
front 65 Slightly movable joint | back 65 Amphiarthorses |
front 66 Freely movable joint | back 66 Diarthroses |
front 67 Types of Joints | back 67 Synarthroses Amphiathroses Diathroses |
front 68 Name the bones of the foot | back 68 Tarsals Metatarsals Phalanges |
front 69 What does the arch of the foot form? | back 69 The Instep |
front 70 Structure of freely movable joints | back 70 Articular cartilage Joint capsule Synovial membrane Synovial fluid Cartilage Some joints also have - Bursae and Ligments |
front 71 Types of freely movable joints | back 71 Hinge - Elbows, knees Ball-and-socket - shoulders, hips Pivot - Atlas-axis joint Saddle - Carpometacarpal Gliding - Wrist Condyloid - knuckles |
front 72 Joint names that articulate bones | back 72 Tibiofemoral - tibia and femur Humeroulnar - Humerus and ulna Metacarpophalangeal - Metacarpal bone and phalange Glenohumeral - Glenoid cavity and humerus |
front 73 Opening, usually a passage for nerves, blood vessels and ligaments | back 73 Foramen |
front 74 What is the bone marking groove called | back 74 Fossa |
front 75 Tunnel or tubelike passageway | back 75 Meatus |
front 76 Cavity or hollow space | back 76 Sinus |
front 77 Types of fractures | back 77 Simple - break in two Compound - break in two and breaks the skin Greenstick - Half break (sway) |
front 78 Paranasal Sinuses | back 78 Frontal Ethmoidal Sphenoidal Maxillary |
front 79 Skull bone held together by sutures and offer little movement | back 79 Cranial |
front 80 Only moveable bone | back 80 Mandible |
front 81 What is a frontanel? | back 81 Soft spot not yet converted to bone and is covered with fibrous tissue and allow for cranial growth |
front 82 Vertebral Column Sections are: | back 82 Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacrum and coccyx |
front 83 Vertebral Column Curves | back 83 Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacral |
front 84 What bone helps you nod yes | back 84 Atlas (C1) |
front 85 What bone helps you nod no | back 85 Axis (C2) |
front 86 What disorder of the vertebral column that causes a lateral curve? | back 86 Scoliosis |
front 87 What disorder of the vertebral column that causes a hunchback | back 87 Kyphosis |
front 88 What disorder of the vertebral column that causes a swayback | back 88 Lordosis |
front 89 Name the parts of the sternum | back 89 Manubrium Body Xiphoid process |
front 90 How many ribs do we have | back 90 12 pairs |
front 91 How many ribs are true ribs? | back 91 seven |
front 92 How many false ribs do we have? | back 92 5 pairs |
front 93 How many of the false ribs are floating ribs? | back 93 2 pairs |
front 94 Parts of the Coxal bones? | back 94 Ilium Ischium Pubis |
front 95 Function of the coxal bones in the pelvic girdle | back 95 Weight bearing attachment for lower limbs protection of organs |
front 96 Bones in the pectoral girdle | back 96 Scapulae Clavicles |
front 97 Bones in the upper limb | back 97 Humerus radius (thumb side) - ulna (pinky side) Carpals Metacarpals Phalanges |
front 98 U-shaped bone located in the neck region which is suspended in musculature and does not articulate with any other bone. It supports the tongue through muscle attachment to the styloid process on the temporal bone and the upper vertebra | back 98 Hyoid bone |
front 99 The false ribs only connect to the _______________ | back 99 Sternum via cartilage |
front 100 Floating ribs only connect to the ___________ | back 100 vertebrae |
front 101 Attach bone to bone | back 101 Ligaments |
front 102 Attach bone to muscle | back 102 Tendons |
front 103 Vetebral Cavity | back 103 Spinal cord |
front 104 Located in the skull | back 104 Brain |
front 105 Located in the thorasic cavity | back 105 Heart and Lungs |
front 106 remember to look at your notes because I might not have everything on here! | back 106 Good Luck!!! |
front 107 Only two fused bones in the body | back 107 Maxillary |
front 108 If bones don't fuse what is the body lacking? | back 108 Folic Acid |
front 109 Shaft of the long bone | back 109 Diaphysis |
front 110 Located at the ends of long bones | back 110 Epiphysis |
front 111 Line in spongy area where bones grow from | back 111 Epiphyseal disk |
front 112 Endosteum | back 112 A layer of cells lining the inner surface of bone in the central medullary cavity |
front 113 A movement generally in the sagittal plane, that decreases the angle of the joint and reduces the distance between the two bones (bending forward at the hip) | back 113 Flexion |
front 114 A movement that increases the angle of a joint and the distance between two bones or parts of the body (straightening the knee of elbow) | back 114 Extension |
front 115 Movement of a limb away from the midline or median plane of the body, or the fanning movement of fingers or toes when they are spread apart | back 115 Abduction |
front 116 Movement of a limb toward the midline of the body or drawing the fingers or toes together. | back 116 Adduction |
front 117 Movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis without lateral or medial displacement | back 117 Rotation |
front 118 A combination of flexion, extension, abduction and adduction commonly observed in ball and socket joints like the shoulder | back 118 Circumduction |
front 119 Movement of the palm of the hand from an anterior or upward-facing position to a posterior or downward facing position (The distal end of the radius moves across the ulna) | back 119 Pronation |
front 120 Movement of the palm from a posterior position to an anterior position (the anatomical position) | back 120 Supination |
front 121 A movement that results in the medial turning of the sold of the foot | back 121 Inversion |
front 122 A movement that results in the lateral turning of the sole of the foot | back 122 Eversion |
front 123 A movement of the ankle joint in a dorsal direction (standing on one's heels) | back 123 Dorsiflexion |
front 124 A movement of the ankle joint in which the foot is flexed downward (standing on one's toes or pointing the toes) | back 124 Planter flexion |
front 125 _________________________________ is the central cavity of bone shafts where red bone marrow and/or yellow bone marrow (adipose tissue) is stored | back 125 Medullary cavity |
front 126 ________________________a specialized connective tissue covering all bones of the body, and possessing bone-forming potentialities. | back 126 Periosteum |
front 127 Shiny, slipery ends of the bones located near the joints | back 127 Articular cartilage |
front 128 _____________________is the flexible tissue in the interior of bones. In humans, red blood cells are produced by cores of bone marrow in the heads of long bones in a process known as hematopoiesis | back 128 Marrow |
front 129 What are the two type of bones | back 129 Compact or hard Spongy or soft |
front 130 Compact or hard bone have | back 130 Osteons and in the shaft of long bones |
front 131 Spongy or soft bone are located | back 131 Trabecular plates - look like swiss cheese and has or contains bone marrow |
front 132 List the size and shapes of the bones and were they are found | back 132 Long - Femur humurs Short - wrist, feet, ankle Vertebra - irregular flat - scapula, skull |
front 133 What is a joint condition that causes water on the knee, and inflammation of the synovial joint? | back 133 Bursitis |
front 134 What is the joint condition that causes stretching or tearing of ligaments? | back 134 Sprain |
front 135 What joint condition causes stretching or tearing of muscles or tendons? | back 135 Strain |
front 136 What joint condition causes inflammation of the joint and has over 100 variations of the condition? | back 136 Arthritis |
front 137 What joint condition is the most common form and 85% of the population has been affected | back 137 Osteoarthritis |
front 138 What joint condition in known to be a chronic disorder that occurs between 4--50 years of age but can occur at any age. | back 138 Rheumatoid arthritis |
front 139 What joint condition causes uric acid accumaltion in the blood creating needle shaped crystals that cause extreme pain and seen in a single joint. (usually the great toe) | back 139 Gouty Arthritis |
front 140 Condition that affects 1/2 of women over 65 and 20% of men over 70 | back 140 Osteoporosis |
front 141 Thorasic vertebra | back 141 T1- T12 |
front 142 Vetebral column | back 142 C1- C7 |
front 143 Lumbar spine | back 143 L1- L5 and is the largest vertebra |
front 144 ___________________ are needed to make the head ligher so we can hold our heads up | back 144 Sinuses |
front 145 Weight bearing bone in the body | back 145 Tibia (shin-bone) |
front 146 Non-weight bering bone in the body | back 146 Fibula |
front 147 Largest bone in the body | back 147 Femur |
front 148 Hinge joints | back 148 located in the elbows and knees |
front 149 Ball-and-socket joints | back 149 Located in the shoulders and hips |
front 150 Pivot joints | back 150 Located in the Atlas-axis joint |
front 151 Saddle joint | back 151 Located in carpometacarpal area |
front 152 Gliding joint | back 152 Located in the wrist |
front 153 Condyloid joint | back 153 Located in the knuckles |
front 154 Tibiofemoral | back 154 Location - tibia and femur |
front 155 Humeroulnar | back 155 Location - humers and ulna |
front 156 Metacarpophalangeal | back 156 Location - metacarpal bone and phalange |
front 157 Glenohumeral | back 157 Location - Glenoid cavity and humerus |
front 158 An opening usually a passage for nerves,blood vessels and ligaments | back 158 Foramen |
front 159 What is the groves in a bone called | back 159 Fossa |
front 160 Tunnel or tubelike passageway of the bones | back 160 Meatus |
front 161 Cavity or hollow spaces of the bones | back 161 Sinus |
front 162 ribs 8 - 9 - and 10 are called | back 162 False ribs |
front 163 ribs 11 & 12 are called | back 163 Floating ribs |
front 164 How many bones are in the wrist? | back 164 8 |