front 1 the first and second line defense against microbial invasion are part of | back 1 innate- nonspecific immunity |
front 2 adaptive immunity is sometimes called acquired immunity, which of the following statements provides a basis for the alternative name | back 2 to become activated lymphocytes require exposure to antigen in which they are specific |
front 3 which of the following vaccines is an infection | back 3 attenuated |
front 4 redness, swelling and itching of urticaria is due to _____ release | back 4 histamine |
front 5 phagocytic cells in the epidermis known as ____ contribute to its ability to prevent microbial invasion | back 5 dendritic cells |
front 6 which of the following is an exogenic antigen | back 6 bacteria outside the cell |
front 7 discovery of antibodies and understanding of their action leads to ____ for disease | back 7 passive immunization |
front 8 jess has A- blood type, has never received a blood transfusion, and has never been pregnant. Antibodies against what blood antigens will be present in Jess blood | back 8 B antigens |
front 9 surface of the skin serves as a barrier to microbial invasion in part because | back 9 acidic, high salt environment |
front 10 WBC are responsible for adaptive immunity are | back 10 B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes |
front 11 passive immunization is used when | back 11 protection against a recent infection disease is needed immediately |
front 12 how is hemolytic disease of a new birth prevented | back 12 administering RhoGam |
front 13 mucous and sweat contains _____ which damage and kill bacteria | back 13 antimicrobial peptides |
front 14 antibody response is attributed to the action of | back 14 B lymphocytes |
front 15 serilogical test for diagnosis of disease may detect | back 15 either antigens or antibodies specific for certain antigens |
front 16 constriction of the airways and mucous production of asthma is the result of _____ response | back 16 type 1 hypersensitivity |
front 17 monocyte leaves capillary in the lugs and enters lung tissue. It then matures to become | back 17 alveolar macrophages |
front 18 which of the following cytokines act as a signal between leukocytes | back 18 interleukins |
front 19 exposure to HIV can be verified using a | back 19 Western Blot assay |
front 20 if circulating immune complexes are deposited in the glomeruli, the ensuing type 3 hypersensitivity reaction can result in | back 20 kidney damage |
front 21 healthy cells produce ____ in response to interferons | back 21 antiviral proteins |
front 22 which of the following recognizes binds to MHC 2 antigens | back 22 CD4 |
front 23 individuals with egg allergies cannot receive flu vaccines because of the risk of which of the following | back 23 anaphylactic shock |
front 24 small amounts of antigen is under the skin of patient. after 30 minutes there is no apparent change at the injection site, but 36 hours later the patient reports that the area is red and swollen. this type of response is due to | back 24 type IV hypersensitivity |
front 25 which of the following substances stimulated phagocytic activity of phagocytes | back 25 gamma interferons |
front 26 which type of the immunity produce by the body when a person contracts the disease | back 26 natural acquired active immunity |
front 27 which of the following types of vaccine should not be given to pregnant women or immunocompromised person | back 27 attenuated vaccines |
front 28 PPD and TB response mediated by | back 28 memory T-cells |
front 29 the phenomenal of _____ facilitates the binding of phagocyte pseudopodia to pathogens | back 29 opsonization |
front 30 what is the result when a dendritic cell phagocytes a microbe and processes it | back 30 display of microbial epitope MHC 2 complexes on the cell surface |
front 31 why are subunit vaccines often preferred over whole agent vaccines | back 31 they tend to cause less of an inflammatory response |
front 32 which of the following statements concerning allografts is true | back 32 they induce strong type IV hypersensitivity reactions and must be treated with immunosuppresive drugs |
front 33 _______ cells play a role in preventing neoplastic cell from professing to cancer | back 33 natural killer |
front 34 vaccination triggers immune response which produces | back 34 artifical active immunity |
front 35 many adjuvants can cause inflammatory reactions that make vaccines containing them problematic. without an adjuvant, which of the following modifications would make an inactivated vaccine more effective | back 35 increase the dosage and number of doses of the vaccine |
front 36 antigen-antibody complexes trapped in tissue and triggering complement activation or mast cell degranulation are characteristics of | back 36 type 3 hypersensitivity |
front 37 tears contain which of the following antibacterial substances | back 37 lysozyme |
front 38 which of the following best describes IgM antibodies | back 38 they are most common type of antibody in the blood during the initial phases of immune response |
front 39 the scientist wishes to produce a recumbent DNA vaccine . which of the following would be most useful for this task | back 39 plasmas |
front 40 person with type b blood who can he get blood from | back 40 type b or type o |
front 41 which of the following leukocytes is responsible for immune response against helminths | back 41 eosinophils |
front 42 physician wants to stimulate immunological memory in a patient. which of the following types of immunity would be most useful | back 42 artificially acquired active immunity |
front 43 the DtaP vaccine is given 4 times in first 18 months of life because its combination of | back 43 toxid vaccine and subunit vaccine |
front 44 PT's with which of the following types grafts would require the most extensive therapy with the immunosuppressive drugs | back 44 xenograft |
front 45 why are smokers more likely to have infections with respiratory pathogens | back 45 poisons in tobacco smoke damage ciliated columnar cells |
front 46 which of the following would be unlikely to cause cell-mediated immune response | back 46 staphylococcus aureus |
front 47 attenuated virus vaccine are produced by which of the following processes | back 47 growth in tissue culture cells for many generations |
front 48 which of the following groups of individuals is most susceptible in general to autoimmune disease | back 48 older women |
front 49 phagocytic cells associated with epidermis are called | back 49 dendritic cells |
front 50 which of these are not a function of an anitbody | back 50 activating T cytotoxic cells |