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Diagnostic Media Flashcards for Test 3

front 1

General (Complex) Medium

back 1

Contains necessary nutrients, vitamins, minerals, etc. Most types of non-fastidious organisms, but not all, are able to grow on this type of media.

front 2

Enriched Medium

back 2

Contains added ingredients such as blood, serum, vitamins, growth factors, etc.

front 3

Differential Medium

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Contains an indicator designed to cause certain organisms to develop a different appearance from other microbes growing on the same medium. The colonies of one particular bacteria might be a different color than those of another bacterial species growing on the same medium.

front 4

Selective Medium

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Permits or encourages the growth of certain organisms while preventing or inhibiting the growth of others.

front 5

Selective/Differential Medium

back 5

Many of the media commonly used in the lab possess both selective and differential qualities.

front 6

Eosin Methylene Blue Agar

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Red plate
Selective for Gram -
Differential for lactose fermenters and coliforms
Positive for lactose fermentation -- pink/dark purple colonies, organism produces B-galactosidase
Positive for coliforms -- green metallic sheen, denotes vigorous lactose fermentation
Pink -- Enterobacter
Green -- E. coli
24 hours

front 7

MacConkey Agar

back 7

Clearish plate
Selective for Gram -
(Bile salts and crystal violet dye inhibit G+)
+ lactose fermentation -- pink/lavender colonies
Pink/lavender -- E. coli, Enterobacter
24 hours

front 8

Starch Agar

back 8

Clear plate with iodine added after growth
+ starch fermentation -- clear area around culture
Positive organisms -- Bacillus
Negative organisms -- E. coli

front 9

Mannitol Salt Agar

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Red plate
Selective for Staph (7.5% salt)
+ mannitol fermentation -- yellow culture (yellow halo means pathogenic)
Positive -- Staph. aureus
Negative -- Staph epidemidis

front 10

Colistin-nalidixic acid

back 10

Opaque red plate
Selective for Gram +, inhibits Gram -
Differential for hemolysis
Enriched by addition of blood

front 11

Blood Agar

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Red plate
TSA enriched with 5-10% sheep blood
Gamma - Negative no change(Staph. epidermidis)
Alpha - Partial destruction, greenish agar (S. salivarius)
Beta - Total destruction, clear zone (Strep. pyogenes)

front 12

Blood Agar- Alpha hemolysis

back 12

Partial destruction, greenish agar (S. salivarius)

front 13

Blood Agar- Beta hemolysis

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Total destruction, clear zone (Strep. pyogenes)

front 14

Blood Agar- Gamma hemolysis

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Negative no change(Staph. epidermidis)

front 15

Hektoen Enteric Agar

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Dark Blue Plate
Differential for Salmonella and Shigella Gram -
Differential for lactose fermentation and H2S
+ lactose fermentation -- yellow/salmon pink colonies (E. coli)
- lactose fermentation -- blue/green colonies (Shigella)
+ H production -- black colonies (Salmonella)

front 16

Phenol Red Carbohydrate Fermentation Broth

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Red Tube with durham tube
Differential for carbohydrate fermentation (any sugar: sucrose, lactose, mannitol)
+ carbohydrate fermentation -- broth turns yellow (E. coli, Staph. aureus)
- carbohydrate fermentation -- broth stays red (Salmonella)
Bubble positive for gas production during fermentation (E. coli)

front 17

Triple Sugar Iron Agar

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Red slant tube, contains glucose, lactose, sucrose.
Differential for fermentation, H2S.
Distiguish Gram - enteric
+ glucose fermentation -- red slant, yellow butt
+ glucose and/or lactose, sucrose -- yellow all
+ H2S -- blackening
+ gas -- lifted or cracked agar

front 18

Triple Sugar Iron Agar (positive fermentation of only glucose)

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red slant, yellow butt

front 19

Triple Sugar Iron Agar (positive fermentation of glucose, lactose, and/or sucrose plus positive gas formation.)

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all yellow
lifted or cracked agar

front 20

Citrate Agar Slants

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Green slant tube
Differential for citrate utilization
+ citrate - slant turns blue (Citrobacter)
- citrate -- B. cereus

front 21

Urea Broth

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Orange-ish slant
Differential for urease production
+ Urease -- dark pink (Proteus)
- Urease -- orange (Salmonella, Shigella)

front 22

Phenylalanine Agar

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Clear to yellowish slant
Differential for phenylalanine deaminease
Add ferric chloride after incubation
+ phenylalanine - green (Proteus)
- phenylalanine - no change (Salmonella)

front 23

SIM Medium (Semisolid)With positive Hydrogen Sulfide

back 23

Sulfur Reduction
Clear to yellow semisolid tube
Three tests: H production, motility, Indole Production
+ H2S -- blackened (Proteus)
+ motility -- growth diffuses away from stab line (Enterobacter)
+ indole (after adding Kovac's reagent) -- pink or red ring

front 24

SIM Medium (Semisolid)With positive motility

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+ motility -- growth diffuses away from stab line (Enterobacter)

front 25

SIM Medium (Semisolid) with positive indole production

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+ indole (after adding Kovac's reagent) -- pink or red ring

front 26

Motility GI Medium/ TTC (MOT) with positive motility

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Clear tube
+ motility - diffuse red thru out (E. coli)
- motility - red stab line (Shigella)

front 27

Optichin Disk Test

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Red plate painted with white circle (optichin)
Presumptive for Strep. pneumoniae
+ optichin sensitivity - 14+mm zone of inhibition
- optichn sensitivity - <14mm zone, requires more test

front 28

Coagulase Test

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Clear tube
Differential for Staph. species
+ coagulase - plasma thickens to semisolid (S. aureus)
- coagulase - plasma remains liquid (S. epidermidis)

front 29

Oxidase Test

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Test strips
+ oxidase - strip turns purple or black (Pseudomonas or Neisseria)
- oxidase - no color change (Enterobacteriaceae)

front 30

Catalase Test

back 30

H2O2
+ Catalase - Bubbles (Staph)
- Catalase - no bubbles (Strep)