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Sedimentary Rocks Practice Exam

front 1

Most sediment is formed by _________.

back 1

settling out of a fluid

front 2

Probably the single most characteristic feature of sedimentary rocks is________.

back 2

layers

front 3

Why do most sediments end up being deposited in oceans instead of other parts of the Earth?

back 3

Because running water is the most important way to transport sediment and it is the lowest areas of the planet, usually large.

front 4

Explain why sedimentary rocks are particularly important in studying the past history of the Earth.

back 4

Because studying what happens at the coast, in rivers, or in the desert can help people figure out how landscapes change and sedimentary rocks and fossils are formed.

front 5

Which of the following is an economically important sedimentary rock?

back 5

coal

front 6

Which of the following pairs are likely products of weathering granite?

back 6

clay and quartz

front 7

Which of the following is not a product of the chemical weathering of potassium feldspar?

back 7

iron oxide

front 8

Detrital sedimentary rocks are typically classified on the basis of their _________.

back 8

particle size

front 9

Breccia, a rock with angular particles, is likely to have traveled _________.

back 9

only a short distance

front 10

When sand lithifies, the resulting tock is commonly called _________.

back 10

sandstone

front 11

The most common sedimentary rock is ___________.

back 11

shale

front 12

Silts and clays are commonly deposited in lakes, lagoons, swamps, and marine environments because __________.

back 12

those settings have relatively still water

front 13

Chemical sedimentary rocks form from materials _________.

back 13

carried in solution

front 14

Limestone is formed primarily through __________.

back 14

biochemical sediments secreted by marine organisms

front 15

Chalk forms from _________.

back 15

the hard parts of microscopic organisms that accumulate on the sea floor

front 16

Which one of the following is not related to chemical weathering?

back 16

frost wedging

front 17

Chemical weathering would be most effective __________.

back 17

in a warm, humid climate

front 18

Death Valley is a site where _________sedimentary rocks are common.

back 18

evaporative

front 19

An important condition for the formation of coal is __________.

back 19

incomplete decomposition of organic matter due to a lack of oxygen

front 20

Which rock type is associated with a high-energy environment (such as a very turbulent stream)?

back 20

conglomerate

front 21

Detrital sediments would predominate in all of the following environments except _________.

back 21

salt flat

front 22

Compaction would probably be most significant as lithification process for ____________.

back 22

shale

front 23

The most abundant chemical sedimentary rock is ____________.

back 23

limestone

front 24

Which of the following best describes bedded gypsum and rock salt?

back 24

evaporates; chemical, sedimentary rocks

front 25

Coal beds originate in __________.

back 25

freshwater coastal swamps and bogs

front 26

The common source of pressure during compaction of sediments is __________.

back 26

the weight of the sediments deposited above the compacting sediments

front 27

Which word does not fit the pattern?

back 27

lithification

front 28

Rock salt and rock gypsum are common examples of a group of chemical sedimentary rocks called ___________.

back 28

evaporities