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NBE SCIENCES Study Guide Questions

front 1

A process of chemically treating the dead human body to reduce the presence and growth of microorganisms, to retard organic decomposition, and to restore an acceptable physical appearance is:

back 1

a. embalming

front 2

The irreversible cessation of all vital functions is:

back 2

a. death

front 3

Those changes occurring in the interval prior to somatic death are:

back 3

d. antemortem

front 4

A sharp cutting instrument used for making incisions is the:

back 4

b. scalpel

front 5

That consideration given to the dead body, prior to, during and after the embalming procedure is complete is:

back 5

c. case analysis

front 6

An imaginary line drawn on the surface of the skin to represent the approximate location of some deeper underlying structure is the:

back 6

b. linear guide

front 7

Injection and drainage from one location is called:

back 7

c. one point injection

front 8

Chemicals which inactivate saprophytic bacteria are called:

back 8

c. preservative

front 9

The movement of embalming solutions from the point of injection throughout the arterial system and into the capillaries is called:

back 9

d. distribution

front 10

This embalming method consists of injecting a few ounces of arterial chemical, stopping injection, then draining for a few minutes, and then repeating the process:

back 10

a. alternate

front 11

This is a term used to refer to the after-death examination of the organs and tissues of a body to determine cause of death or pathological conditions:

back 11

d. postmortem

front 12

Any abnormal color appearing in or upon the human body is called:

back 12

d. discoloration

front 13

A needle injector is used for this purpose:

back 13

a. mouth closure

front 14

Content normally aspirated from the stomach:

back 14

a. hydrochloric acid

front 15

When death has been due to pneumonia, an embalmer should expect:

back 15

c. thoracic congestion and increased blood viscosity

front 16

The Formaldehyde Standard for short-term exposure to formaldehyde is:

back 16

b. 2 ppm/15 minutes

front 17

Signs of death exhibited by the eyes of the deceased include:

1. clouding of the cornea and flattening of the eyeball

2. loss of luster of the conjuctiva

3. pupil dilation and non-response to light

4. discoloration of the iris

back 17

a. 1, 2, and 3

front 18

Another name for pleural effusion is:

back 18

c. hydrothorax

front 19

Proteolysis refers to decomposition of:

back 19

b. proteins

front 20

Which of the following conditions would require special attention during thoracic cavity embalming?

1. hydrothorax

2. ascites

3. hydropericardium

4. hydroperiteneum

back 20

b. 1 and 3

front 21

Discoloration resulting when formaldehyde reacts with hemoglobin in he tissues is called:

back 21

c. formaldehyde grey

front 22

Severe generalized edema is known as:

back 22

a. anasarca

front 23

Escape of blood serum from an intravascular to an extravascular location immediately before death is:

back 23

c. agonal edema

front 24

Low index fluids used to inhibit bilirubin from turning to biliverdin are known as:

back 24

b. jaundice fluids

front 25

Chemicals that create an increased capability for embalmed tissues to retain their moisture are called:

back 25

a. humectants

front 26

How many ounces of formaldehyde are contained in a 16-ounce bottle of 25 index arterial fluid?

back 26

b. 4 ounces

front 27

The care of the deceased to recreate natural form and color is the definition of:

back 27

c. restorative art

front 28

The zygomatic process is a feature of the following bones:

back 28

c. temporal

front 29

Which one of the following is a bone of the face?

back 29

d. zygomatic

front 30

The large muscle which covers the top and sides of the skull from occipital bone to eyebrows:

back 30

d. occipitofrontalis

front 31

A crevice in the skin accompanied by adjacent elevation:

back 31

b. furrow

front 32

The vertex of the cranium and the base of the chin are examples of:

back 32

d. imaginary horizontal lines

front 33

This is of value to the restorative artist associated with the three-quarter view photograph for restorative art purposes:

back 33

b. reveals the degree of the fullness of the cheeks

front 34

Which one of the following is one of the basic linear forms of facial profiles?

oval, round, vertical, convex-concave

back 34

c. vertical

front 35

The comparison of the two sides of the face to observe the similarities and differences is referred to as:

back 35

a. bilateral

front 36

Which one of the following is a means of softening wax to alter the wax consistency for restorative art procedures?

back 36

c. mixing with cream cosmetics

front 37

Which of the following are generally involved in positioning of the ear?

1. zygomatic arch

2. mandibular fossa

3. mental protuberance

4. external auditory meatus

back 37

b. 1, 2, and 4

front 38

A general profile classification for the nose from the root to the tip?

back 38

c. grecian

front 39

A type of prognathism:

back 39

d. maxillary

front 40

The eyelids in natural repose:

back 40

a. abut, do not overlap

front 41

The use of an oxidizing chemical to remove stain or discoloration is called:

back 41

d. bleaching

front 42

The original scientific standard of color is:

back 42

b. the spectrum

front 43

One of the pigment cosmetics necessary to match all skin colors:

back 43

d. yellow

front 44

Facial restoration is required due to trauma. Accurate dimensions for facial restoration can be established by means of:

1. a photograph

2. classic proportion

3. supplemental equalities

4. mathematical calculations

back 44

b. 1, 2, and 4

front 45

The width of the face is proportionally equal to the distance between the base of the nose and the:

back 45

a. normal hairline

front 46

A substance that would remove nicotine stains:

back 46

d. lemon juice

front 47

This anatomical structure cannot be used for accurate location of the ear:

back 47

c. supraorbital margins

front 48

The hue sequence pink, rose, cherry is indicative of read that has been:

back 48

b. tinted

front 49

This condition requiring restorative art is classified as traumatic:

back 49

c. laceration

front 50

A characteristic of first degree burns is:

back 50

a. redness

front 51

The tiny prominence on the midline of the superior mucous membrane is the:

back 51

d. medial lobe

front 52

The determinative pigment of all races is:

back 52

b. melanin

front 53

Complementary hues found on the color wheel in this position:

back 53

c. opposite each other

front 54

The hand may be restored if missing or completely mutilated by:

back 54

a. making a plaster cast

front 55

The best method of repair for a dehydrated hand is:

back 55

a. hypodermic injection of tissue builder

front 56

The method of affixing hair depends upon:

back 56

c. length

front 57

Major or minor restoration can be:

back 57

b. legally described as mutilation

front 58

The general procedure for effective hypodermic tissue building is:

back 58

c. directing needle to the most distant part

front 59

In order to begin the modeling of a mutilated or destroyed eye, one must:

back 59

c. start with the margins of the eye socket

front 60

To restore a traumatized or missing forearm:

back 60

c. reattach by drilling through bones and wiring

front 61

The most hazardous chemical to mix with a bleach solution is:

back 61

d. ammonia

front 62

Which one of the following is one of the geometric head forms (frontal view)?

oval, convex, vertical, concave

back 62

a. oval

front 63

In positioning the body, the face should be tilted approximately this many degree to the right:

back 63

c. 15

front 64

A pacemaker should be removed if the body is going to be:

back 64

b. cremated

front 65

A type of plastic undergarment:

back 65

a. unionalls

front 66

When preparing the deceased for visual identification which of the following tasks is included:

back 66

b. setting features

front 67

A religion that may require special burial garments and the deceased to be dressed by members of the church:

back 67

d. latter day saints

front 68

Re-aspirating of the body may become necessary in which of the following circumstances:

back 68

b. during an extended visitation period

front 69

Personal effects and clothing of the deceased are best accounted for by using a/an:

back 69

c. personal effects form

front 70

A line drawn or visualized on the surface of the skin to represent the approximate location of some more deeply lying structure is the:

back 70

a. linear guide

front 71

The two divisions of the skeleton are:

back 71

d. axial and appendicular

front 72

the study of the circulatory system is also known as:

back 72

b. angiology

front 73

The galea aponeurotica is the tendon of which one of the following muscles:

back 73

c. occipitofrontalis

front 74

The artery which supplies arterial solution directly into the thumb side of the hands is the:

back 74

c. radial

front 75

an artery raised to inject the upper extremity below the cubital fossa:

back 75

a. radial

front 76

This muscle is found in the lower extremity:

back 76

b. sartorius

front 77

These bones are located within the cranium:

back 77

b. temporal

front 78

These bones are located within the bones of the face:

back 78

d. maxilla

front 79

The buccinator muscle is also referred to as the:

back 79

b. trumpeters muscle

front 80

The anatomical guide that lies lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle describes the:

back 80

b. ulnar artery

front 81

A liquid containing a dissolved substance or substances is a(n):

back 81

d. solution

front 82

When used in arterial formulations eonsine, ponceau red, and erythrosine are examples of:

back 82

a. dyes

front 83

A substance that prevents infection by killing bacteria is classified as a:

back 83

d. disinfectant

front 84

The number of oxygen atoms in the formula 2Al(OH)3 is:

back 84

d. 6

front 85

A 40% by volume solution of formaldehyde is called:

back 85

c. formalin

front 86

The chemical group that makes an alcohol molecule soluble in water and useful to the embalmer is:

back 86

b. -OH

front 87

According to OSHA, the proper way to neutralize a formaldehyde spill is to:

back 87

a. add ammonia, then wipe up

front 88

Formaldehyde is an ingredient of embalming fluid used to:

back 88

b. preserve tissue

front 89

An amine produced during putrefaction is:

back 89

c. putrescine

front 90

Formaldehyde in a powder form is also known as:

back 90

d. paraformaldehyde

front 91

A substance that is capable of bringing about a reduction in a surface tension of a fluid is:

back 91

a. a surfactant

front 92

Which of the following are properties of formaldehyde?

1. It is a colorless gas.

2. It is quite soluble in water

3. It combines with water to form methylene glycol

4. It is easily oxidized to form acetic acid

back 92

a. 1, 2, and 3

front 93

Formaldehyde reacts with ammonia to form:

back 93

c. urotropin

front 94

In comparing cavity fluid to arterial fluid, the cavity fluid will have:

back 94

b. no active dyes

front 95

Polymerization of formaldehyde is inhibited by the addition of:

back 95

b. methyl alcohol

front 96

Reodorants are used in embalming fluids as:

back 96

b. masking agents

front 97

Phenol is used in embalming fluids as a:

back 97

a. preservative

front 98

Sodium citrate is used in embalming fluids as a(n):

back 98

c. anticoagulant

front 99

Deterioration or impairment of an organ is called:

back 99

d. degeneration

front 100

Deformity, abnormal shape or structure, especially a congenital abnormality is a(n):

back 100

d. malformation

front 101

Tissue reaction to injury is called:

back 101

c. inflammation

front 102

A local or generalized condition in which the body tissues contain an excessive amount of tissue fluid is called:

back 102

a. edema

front 103

A new and abnormal formation of tissue or growth is a(n):

back 103

b. neoplasm

front 104

Increase in number of leukocytes (above 10,000 per cu. mm) in blood, and generally caused by the presence of infection and usually transient is called:

back 104

d. leukocytosis

front 105

Inflammation of the lining membrane of the heart is called:

back 105

c. endocarditis

front 106

Diminished amount of urine formation is called:

back 106

c. oliguria

front 107

A loss of function, either partial or complete, as that resulting from a blow or fall is termed a:

back 107

c. concussion

front 108

Inflammation of the testis due to trauma, metastasis, mumps, or infection elsewhere in the body is called:

back 108

a. orchitis

front 109

A disease that begins before birth and is evident at the time of birth is referred to as:

back 109

d. congenital

front 110

An inflammatory condition related to the nervous system is:

back 110

a. general paresis

front 111

A malignant tumor derived principally from connective tissue is a:

back 111

a. sarcoma

front 112

Which of the following conditions would be caused by a thrombus as evidence during embalming?

1. diminished distribution

2. edema

3. intravascular resistane

. atrophy

back 112

b. 1 and 3

front 113

Bacteria typically reproduce by a process called:

back 113

d. binary fission

front 114

A substance that induces the formation of antibodies that interact specifically with it is a(n):

back 114

a. antigen

front 115

A minute organism not visible with an ordinary light microscope is a:

back 115

a. virus

front 116

The causative organism in amebic dysentery:

back 116

c. entamoeba histolytica

front 117

Viruses are unaffected by the action of:

back 117

b. antibiotics

front 118

An organism that feeds on dead organic matter only is a:

back 118

d. strict saprophyte

front 119

Rickettsia rickettsii is:

1. a tick-borne disease

2. a flea-borne disease

3. ROcky Mountain Spotted Fever

4. inclusion conjunctivitis

back 119

b. 1 and 3

front 120

Which of the following are true of malignant neoplasms?

1. resembles the tissue of origin

2. grows by infiltration

3. causes tissue damage

4. grows by expansion

back 120

c. 2 and 3

front 121

Pneumococci usually leaves the body through the:

back 121

d. nose and mouth

front 122

A factor that indicates the use of a MORE dilute arterial solution is

back 122

emaciation

front 123

In a case involving death from uremia,

back 123

the ammonia reacts with formaldehyde.

front 124

Rigor mortis and algor mortis are similar in that both are

back 124

postmortem conditions

front 125

How many ounces of 32-index fluid are needed to make 2 gallons of a 2% fluid dilution?

back 125

16

front 126

The settling of the blood to dependent portions of the body is called

back 126

hypostasis

front 127

The direction of eyebrow hair growth is laterally

back 127

upward and outward

front 128

The width of the nose at its base is equal to the width of the

back 128

eye

front 129

Which of the following sutures would best be employed for an abdominal puncture wound?

back 129

purse string

front 130

In posing the eyes, the eyelids should meet at the

back 130

inferior third of the orbit

front 131

Hypodermic tissue building may be performed as a postembalming treatment for

back 131

emaciation

front 132

Bacteria that can grow in the absence or presence of free oxygen are known as

back 132

facultative

front 133

Which superficial dermatomycosis increases when associated with AIDS?

back 133

candidiasis

front 134

An important factor in any consideration of the mode of action of antimicrobial compounds is

back 134

selective toxicity

front 135

Pathogenic microbes are most virulent

back 135

when first emitted from the body

front 136

Wearing protective clothing and exercising Universal Precautions while removing the deceased from the place of death:

I. provides an effective barrier to portals of entry.
II. eliminates the virulence of pathogens.
III. reduces the number of microorganisms present.
IV. is required by OSHA’s bloodborne pathogen rule.

back 136

I and IV only

front 137

Which of the following is the first in the organs to decompose?

back 137

lining of trachea

front 138

A benign neoplasm found in blood vessels is a

back 138

hemangioma.

front 139

Inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart is called

back 139

pericarditis

front 140

Which of the following frequently results from long-term, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus?

back 140

atherosclerosis

front 141

Which of the following conditions would be caused by a thrombus as evidenced during embalming?

I. diminished distribution
II. edema
III. intravascular resistance
IV. atrophy

back 141

I and III only

front 142

Extremely hard water should NOT be used in diluting embalming fluid because it

back 142

results in blood coagulation.

front 143

Chemicals that have the capability of displacing unpleasant odors are

back 143

deodorants

front 144

Which of the following is characteristic of a jaundice fluid?

back 144

low formaldehyde content

front 145

To facilitate the penetration of preservatives during surface embalming, the surface gels may contain

back 145

sodium lauryl sulfate.

front 146

The recommended initial 3% dilution of a 20-Index standard arterial chemical used to embalm an edematous body would be which of the following?

back 146

19 oz of arterial to 109 oz of water

front 147

Which of the following lists the vessels in order going from the aorta towards the upper extremity?

I. axillary
II. brachiocephalic
III. brachial
IV. subclavian

back 147

II, IV, I, III

brachiocephalic, subclavian, axillary, brachial

front 148

The external iliac artery lies along the medial border of which of the following muscles?

back 148

psoas major

front 149

In relation to the lungs, the heart is

back 149

medial

front 150

Blood flow to the arm and hand will reach the following arteries in what order?

I. brachial
II. axillary
III. radial
IV. deep palmar arch

back 150

II, I, III, IV

axillary, brachial, radial, palmer's arch

front 151

When using the 9-region method for cavity embalming, the cecum is located in which of the following regions?

back 151

right inguinal