Instructions for Side by Side Printing
- Print the notecards
- Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
- Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
- Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
A&P II Homework II Questions
front 1 Compared to arteries, veins... | back 1 have thinner walls |
front 2 The large vessels that return blood to the heart are called... | back 2 veins |
front 3 Venous valves are responsible for... | back 3 channeling blood toward the heart |
front 4 Factors that increase the risk of atherosclerosis include... | back 4 -high cholesterol -lack of exercise -smoking -obesity |
front 5 What structure do RBCs move through single file? | back 5 capillary |
front 6 What kind of vessel is also called a resistance vessel? | back 6 arteriole |
front 7 The common iliac artery is an example of which type of artery... | back 7 elastic |
front 8 Venoconstriction reduces the diameter of which vessel? | back 8 vein |
front 9 Which of the following is most likely to result from an aneurysm in a brain artery? | back 9 stroke |
front 10 Complications related to arteriosclerosis account for roughly ____ percent of deaths in the United States. | back 10 50 |
front 11 What vessels hold the largest percentage of the blood supply? | back 11 vein |
front 12 The main control of the peripheral resistance occurs in the... | back 12 arterioles |
front 13 Resistance is a force that... | back 13 decreases blood flow |
front 14 Total peripheral resistance is related to all the following... | back 14 -length of a blood vessel -turbulence -blood viscosity -blood vessel diameter |
front 15 Blood pressure increases with all of the following | back 15 -cardiac output -peripheral resistance -blood volume -force of cardiac contraction |
front 16 Each of the following factors would increase peripheral resistance | back 16 -increased sympathetic stimulation -elevated levels of epinephrine -irregularities in the vessel walls caused by plaques -elevated hematocrit |
front 17 Each of the following factors would increase cardiac output | back 17 -increased venous return -decreased parasympathetic stimulation of the heart -increased sympathetic stimulation of the heart -stimulation of the heart by epinephrine |
front 18  If a person has a blood pressure of 120/90, his mean arterial pressure would be... | back 18 100 |
front 19 When a person rises quickly from a sitting position... | back 19 -the carotid baroreceptors become less active -venous return is decreased -reflex vasoconstriction of peripheral blood vessels occurs -heart rate is reflexively elevated |
front 20 The blood colloid osmotic pressure mostly depends on the... | back 20 concentration of plasma proteins |
front 21 When renin is released from the kidney... | back 21 angiotensinogen is converted into angiotensin I |
front 22 Each of the following will cause an increase in blood pressure | back 22 -increased levels of aldosterone -increased levels of angiotensin II -increased blood volume -increased levels of ADH (antidiuretic hormone) |
front 23 The force that moves fluid out of capillaries is __________ pressure whereas the opposing force that moves fluid into capillaries is ________ pressure. | back 23 hydrostatic; osmotic |
front 24 The primary function of the lymphatic system is... | back 24 defending the body against both environmental hazards and internal threats |
front 25 The thoracic duct drains lymph from all of the following | back 25 -left breast -left arm and shoulder -pelvic viscera -left side of the neck |
front 26 The cells directly responsible for cellular immunity are the ______ cells. | back 26 cytotoxic T |
front 27 The cells responsible for humoral immunity are the ______ cells. | back 27 B |
front 28 Areas of spleen that contain large aggregations of lymphocytes are known as... | back 28 white pulp |
front 29 T is to ________ as B is to ________. | back 29 thymus-dependent; bone marrow-derived |
front 30 If the thymus shrank and stopped making thymosins, we should expect to see an decrease in the number of... | back 30 T cells |
front 31 Examples of physical barriers against pathogens include | back 31 -sebaceous glands -mucus -epithelia -epidermal layers |
front 32 The body's innate defenses include | back 32 -the skin -complement -interferon -inflammation |
front 33 Leslie has a bad sore throat and the lymph nodes in her neck are swollen. This would indicate that... | back 33 the affected lymph nodes contain an increased number of lymphocytes |
front 34 A sample of John's blood shows a high level of pyrogens. This would indicate that John | back 34 is running a fever |
front 35 The classic pathway of complement activation begins when the protein C1 binds to | back 35 an antibody attached to an antigen |
front 36 The cells that perform immunological surveillance are the _____ cells. | back 36 NK |
front 37 Suppressor T cells act to.. | back 37 inhibit T and B cell activities |
front 38 When an antigen is bound to a Class I MHC molecule, it can stimulate a _______ cell. | back 38 cytotoxic T |
front 39 Class II MHC molecules are found only on which of the following? | back 39 lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells |
front 40 Helper T cells do all of the following | back 40 -trigger B-cell division, plasma cell maturation, and antibody production -enhance production of memory and cytotoxic T cells -attract macrophages to the affected area -enhance nonspecific defenses |
front 41 The various classes of immunoglobulins are differentiated on the basis of their.... | back 41 heavy-chain constant segments |
front 42 Immunoglobulins that are most abundant and are responsible for resistance against many viruses, bacteria, and bacterial toxins are... | back 42 IgG |
front 43 Immunoglobulins that attach to and sensitize mast cells and basophils... | back 43 IgE |
front 44 The only antibodies that normally cross the placenta | back 44 IgG |
front 45 The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that causes the disease known as AIDS selectively infects ________ cells. | back 45 helper T |
front 46 The respiratory epithelium of the conducting airways consists of... | back 46 pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium |
front 47 Harry suffers from cystic fibrosis and has severe breathing difficulties. His problem results from... | back 47 thick secretions that are difficult to transport |
front 48 The portion of the nasal cavity contained within the flexible tissues of the external nose is the | back 48 vestibule |
front 49 The portion of the pharynx that receives both air and food is the... | back 49 oropharynx |
front 50 The auditory tubes open into the... | back 50 nasopharynx |
front 51 The palatine tonsils lie in the walls of the... | back 51 oropharynx |
front 52 The ______ is lined by stratified squamous epithelium | back 52 oropharynx |
front 53 The larynx contains _________ cartilages. | back 53 9 |
front 54 The glottis is... | back 54 the opening to the larynx |
front 55 The vocal folds are located within the... | back 55 larynx |
front 56 The largest cartilage of the larynx is the ____ cartilage. | back 56 thyroid |
front 57 The ring-shaped cartilage just inferior to the thyroid cartilage is the________ cartilage. | back 57 cricoid |
front 58 A common site to place a tracheostomy tube is through the ligament that connects the cricoid cartilage to the______ cartilage. | back 58 thyroid |
front 59 The laryngeal cartilage NOT composed of hyaline cartilage is the.. | back 59 epiglottis |
front 60 An acute infection of the throat that can lead to swelling and closure of the glottis and cause suffocation is known as... | back 60 acute epiglottis |
front 61 Tina is singing a song. At a certain point in the song she forces a large volume of air out of the glottis and at the same time increases tension on her vocal cords. The sound that she produces is..... | back 61 high pitched and loud |
front 62 The adult human trachea is about ______ in diameter and contains _______ tracheal cartilages. | back 62 2.5 cm; 15-20 |
front 63 During a choking episode, most foreign objects are lodged in the _______ bronchus due to its larger diameter and steeper angle. | back 63 right primary |
front 64 The C shape of the tracheal cartilages is important because... | back 64 large masses of food can pass through the esophagus during swallowing |
front 65 The respiratory membrane of the gas exchange surfaces consists of | back 65 simple squamous epithelium |
front 66 The most superior portion of the lung is termed the... | back 66 apex |
front 67 Damage to the type II pneumocytes of the lungs would result in... | back 67 a loss of surfactant |
front 68 The resulting pain and inflammation when pleural fluid is unable to prevent friction between the opposing pleural surfaces is known as... | back 68 pleurisy |
front 69 A pulmonary embolism can be caused by ________ becoming trapped in a pulmonary artery. | back 69 -blood clots -masses of fat -air bubbles -circulating objects in the blood |
front 70 The condition resulting from inadequate production of surfactant and the resultant collapse of alveoli is... | back 70 respiratory distress syndrome |
front 71 Asthma is... | back 71 an acute condition resulting from unusually sensitive, irritated conducting airways |
front 72 Determination of blood gases includes testing an arterial sample for... | back 72 pH, PO2, and PCO2 |
front 73 External respiration involves the... | back 73 diffusion of gases between the alveoli and the circulating blood |
front 74 Which direction does carbon dioxide move during internal respiration? | back 74 from the tissue cells into the blood |
front 75 Boyle's law states that the pressure of a gas is.. | back 75 inversely proportional to volume of its container |
front 76 Air moves out of the lungs when the pressure inside the lungs is... | back 76 greater than the pressure in the atmosphere |
front 77 If the volume of the lungs increases, what happens to the air pressure inside the lungs | back 77 decreases |
front 78 ________ is the amount of air that moves into the respiratory system during a single respiratory cycle. | back 78 tidal volume |
front 79 ________ is the amount of air that you can inhale above the resting tidal volume. | back 79 Inspiratory reserve volume |
front 80 If a patient inhales as deeply as possible and then exhales as much as possible, the volume of air expelled would be the patient's.... | back 80 vital capacity |
front 81 As an astronaut is lifted into Earth's orbit, what is the first change to take place in response to the drop in cabin pressure? | back 81 decreased alveolar PO2 |
front 82 While playing in an intramural football game, Joe is tackled so hard that he breaks a rib. He can actually feel a piece of the rib sticking through the skin and he is having a difficult time breathing. Joe is probably suffering from... | back 82 a pneumothorax |
front 83 Most of the oxygen transported by the blood is... | back 83 bound to hemoglobin |
front 84 Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood is transported as... | back 84 biocarbonate ions |
front 85 Which of the following factors would increase the amount of oxygen discharged by hemoglobin to peripheral tissues? | back 85 decreased pH |
front 86 Carbonic anhydrase | back 86 -is in RBCs -is an enzyme -can increase the amount of biocarbonate ion in plasma -can decrease the amount of biocarbonate ion in plasma |
front 87 The percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin when the pH is 7.6 is... | back 87 greater than the percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin when the pH is 7.2 |