front 1 What are the classes of connective tissue? | back 1 Connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone and blood |
front 2 What are the characteristics of connective tissue that make it different from other primary tissues? | back 2 It has mesenchyme as the common tissue of origin, has varying degrees of vascularity, and has extracellular mix |
front 3 What are the structural elements of connective tissue? | back 3 Ground substance, fibers and cells. |
front 4 What are the components of ground substance? | back 4 Interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins ("glue"), and proteoglycans |
front 5 What are the types of fibers that provide support to connective tissue? | back 5 Collagen, elastic, and reticular |
front 6 True or False: "blast" cells are the mature forms of cells | back 6 False. |
front 7 True or False: Fibroblasts are located in connective tissue proper. | back 7 True. |
front 8 What types of cells are in connective tissue? | back 8 Fat cells, white blood cells, mast cells, macrophages. |
front 9 What is the role of mast cells? | back 9 To initiate local inflammatory response against foreign microorganisms they detect. |
front 10 What is the role of macrophages? | back 10 To "eat" dead cells |
front 11 What are the two subclasses of connective tissue proper? | back 11 Loose connective tissues and dense (or fibrous) connective tissues. |
front 12 What are the types of loose connective tissues? | back 12 Areolar, Adipose, Reticular. |
front 13 What are the types of dense connective tissue? | back 13 Dense regular, Dense irregular, Elastic |
front 14 Which type of connective tissue is associate with edema? | back 14 Areolar |
front 15 Brown fat uses lipid fuels to heat the bloodstream, not to produce ______. | back 15 ATP. |
front 16 The cells in adipose tissue are called ________. | back 16 Adipocyte. |
front 17 The cells in reticular connective tissue is called _________. | back 17 Fibroblasts. |
front 18 Reticular connective tissue is located where? | back 18 Lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow. |
front 19 Dense regular connective tissue is located where? | back 19 Tendons and ligaments. |
front 20 Dense irregular connective tissue is located where? | back 20 The dermis, fibrous joint capsules, and fibrous coverings of some organs. |
front 21 Elastic connective tissue is located where? | back 21 Ligaments (connecting adjacent vertebrae), within the walls of bronchial tubes |
front 22 Cartilage consists of what types of cells? | back 22 Chondroblasts and chondrocytes |
front 23 True or False: Cartilage is avascular. | back 23 True. |
front 24 What are the types of cartilage? | back 24 Hyaline, elastic, and fibro- |
front 25 Where is hyaline cartilage located? | back 25 Ends of long bones, in joint cavities |
front 26 Where is elastic cartilage located? | back 26 External ear |
front 27 Where is fibrocartilage located? | back 27 Intervertebral discs, discs of knee joint |
front 28 Bone is also known as __________. | back 28 Osseous tissue. |
front 29 Bone is made up of more ________ than _________. | back 29 Collagen, cartilage |
front 30 True or False: Bone is richly vascularized | back 30 True. |
front 31 __________ is the only fluid tissue. | back 31 Blood. |
front 32 What are the types of muscular tissue? | back 32 Skeletal, cardiac, smooth |
front 33 Which type(s) of muscular tissue are involuntary? | back 33 Cardiac, smooth |
front 34 Nervous tissue is the main component of the nervous system. It is composed of __________. | back 34 Brain, spinal cord, nerves |
front 35 __________ are supporting cells in nerve tissue that support, insulate, and protect neurons. | back 35 Neuroglia |
front 36 Covering and lining membranes are composed of how many tissue types? | back 36 At least two. |
front 37 What are the types of covering and lining membranes? | back 37 Cutaneous, mucous, serous |
front 38 Cutaneous membrane is also known as __________. | back 38 Skin |
front 39 In the cutaneous membrane, keratinized stratified squamous epithelium (_______), is attached to a thick layer of connective tissue (___________). | back 39 Epidermis, dermis |
front 40 Mucosa indicates __________, not cell _________. | back 40 Location, composition |
front 41 In mucous membranes, an epithelial sheet lies over a layer of connective tissue called ___________. | back 41 Lamina proper |
front 42 Mucus membranes line ______ ________ that are _______ to the exterior | back 42 Body cavities, open. |
front 43 Serous membranes are found in __________ ________ body cavities. | back 43 Closed ventral. |
front 44 In serous membranes, a simple squamous epithelium, also known as _________, rests on a thin layer of ___________ connective tissue. | back 44 Mesothelium, areolar |
front 45 Serous membranes are located where? | back 45 Pleurae, pericardium, peritoneum |
front 46 Tissue repair occurs in these major ways. | back 46 Regeneration, fibrosis |
front 47 During this type of tissue repair, the same type of tissue replaces the destroyed tissue, and the original function is restored. | back 47 Regeneration. |
front 48 In this type of tissue repair, connective tissue replaces the destroyed tissue, and the original function is lost. | back 48 Fibrosis |
front 49 What is the first step in tissue repair? | back 49 Inflammation, clotting occurs |
front 50 What is the second step of tissue repair? | back 50 Organization which restores blood supply, blood clot is replaced with granulation tissue, fibroblasts produce collagen fibers to bridge the gap |
front 51 What is the third step of tissue repair? | back 51 Regeneration and fibrosis, the scab detaches, epithelium thickens and begins to resemble adjacent tissue, results in fully regenerated epithelium with underling scar tissue. |
front 52 What types of tissues regenerate very well? | back 52 Epithelial, bone, areolar connective tissue, dense irregular connective tissue, blood-forming tissue. |
front 53 What types of tissues have moderate regenerating capacity? | back 53 Smooth muscle, dense regular connective tissue. |
front 54 What types of tissues have virtually no functional regenerative capacity? | back 54 Cardiac muscle, nervous tissue of the brain and spinal cord |
front 55 What are the primary germ layers? | back 55 Ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm |
front 56 From what primary germ layer does nerve tissue arise? | back 56 Ectoderm |
front 57 From what primary germ layer does muscle tissue and connective tissues arise? | back 57 Mesoderm |
front 58 From what primary germ layer does epithelial tissues arise? | back 58 All three germ layers. |