Print Options

Card layout: ?

← Back to notecard set|Easy Notecards home page

Instructions for Side by Side Printing
  1. Print the notecards
  2. Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
  4. Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
  1. Verify Front of pages is selected for Viewing and print the front of the notecards
  2. Select Back of pages for Viewing and print the back of the notecards
    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal and vertical dotted line
To print: Ctrl+PPrint as a list

38 notecards = 10 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Chapter 1 Introduction

front 1

Ultrasound

back 1

Sound or other vibrations having an ultrasonic frequency, particularly as used in medical imaging.

front 2

Sonography

back 2

Medical anatomic imaging employing ultrasound. Comes from the latin word sonus (sound) and the Greek word graphein (to write). Diagnostic Sonography is medical 2D and 3D anatomic and flow imaging using ultrasound.

front 3

Doppler Ultrasound

back 3

Detection, quantization, and evaluation of tissue motion and blood flow using the Doppler Effect with ultrasound.

front 4

Doppler Effect

back 4

A change in frequencies caused by moving objects. Echoes produced by moving objects have frequencies that are different from the pulses sent in to the body. This is put to use in detecting and measuring tissue motion and blood flow.

front 5

Image

back 5

Is a reproduction, representation or imitation of the physical form of a person or object. An ultrasound image is a visible counterpart of an invisible object, produced in an electrical instrument by the interaction of ultrasound and an object.

front 6

Pulse-echo technique

back 6

Pulses of ultrasound are generated by a transducer and are sent into the patient, where they produce echoes at organ at organ boundaries and within tissue. These echoes then return to the transducer where they are detected and then presented on the display.

front 7

Transducer

back 7

Generates the ultrasound pulses and receives the returning echoes.

front 8

Gray-scale image

back 8

A series of spot of different intensities, creating an ultrasound image.

front 9

Scan line

back 9

One line of echo information

front 10

Linear image

back 10

Pulses travel in the same direction, even though they start from different points, and yield vertical parallel scan lines and a rectangular image.

front 11

Sector image

back 11

Each pulse is originates from the same starting point, but subsequent pulses go out in slightly different directions. This creates an image shaped like a piece of pie.

front 12

Color-Doppler display

back 12

Rapid scanning and processing of Doppler data enable color-coded 2D and 3D presentations of Doppler information, super-imposed on a gray-scale image.

front 13

Spectral-Doppler

back 13

measurement and a visual record are made of the shift in frequency of a continuous ultrasonic wave proportional to the blood-flow velocity in underlying vessels; used in diagnosis of vascular disease. It is also used in detection of the fetal heartbeat or of the velocity of movement of a structure, such as the beating heart.

front 14

The diagnostic ultrasound imaging (sonography) method has two parts:
(1) Sending ___________ of ______________ into the body and (2) using ___________________ received from the anatomy to produce a(n) _________________ of that anatomy.

A) packs, sound, information, listing
B) pulses, frequencies, echoes, description
C) ultrasound, scans, power, image
D) pulses, ultrasound, echoes, image

back 14

D) pulses, ultrasound, echoes, image

front 15

Ultrasound gray-scale scans are ________________ - ____________ images of tissue cross-sections and volumes.

A) pulse - echo
B) virtual - anatomic
C) pseudo - gray
D) artificially presented

back 15

A) pulse - echo

front 16

The brightness of an echo, as presented on the display, represents the ______________ of echo.

A) strength
B) location
C) origin
D) frequency

back 16

A) strength

front 17

A linear scan is composed of many __________, __________ scan lines.

A) horizontal, parallel
B) horizontal, curves
C) vertical, parallel
D) vertical, curved

back 17

C) vertical, parallel

front 18

A sector scan is composed of many scan lines with a common _______________.

A) length
B) brightness
C) origin
D) direction

back 18

C) origin

front 19

A linear scan has a ______________ shape.

A) linear
B) round
C) square
D) rectangle

back 19

D) rectangle

front 20

A sector scan is shaped like a _________ of _________.

A) slice, pie
B) slice, bread
C) scoop, pudding
D) loaf, bread

back 20

A) slice, pie

front 21

A sector scan can have a(n) ____________ or a ___________ top.

A) angled, straight
B) pointed, curved
C) normal, inverted
D) curved, angled

back 21

B) pointed, curved

front 22

an example of an image in which the scan lines do not originate at a common ______________.

A) amplitude
B) disease
C) origin
D) time

back 22

C) origin

front 23

Sonography is accomplished by using a pulse-echo technique. The information of importance in doing this includes the ___________ from which each echo originates and the ____________ of each echo. From this information, the instrument can determine the echo _______________, and ____________ on the display.

A) location, strength, location, brightness
B) location, frequency, frequency, color
C) anatomy, time, delay, color
D) anatomy, strength, delay, brightness

back 23

A) location, strength, location, brightness

front 24

The ___________ is the interface between the patient and the instrument.

A) sonographer
B) Doppler
C) transducer
D) display

back 24

C) transducer

front 25

Transducers generate ultrasound __________ and receive returning ________________.

A) pulses, echo
B) waves, images
C) echoes, pulses
D) images, echoes

back 25

A) pulses, echo

front 26

Three-dimensional echo information is presented on ________________ displays.

A) TV
B) 2D
C) 3D
D) LED

back 26

B) 2D

front 27

Acquisition of a 3D echo data volume requires scanning the ultrasound through several tissue __________.

A) angles
B) orientations
C) types
D) cross-sections

back 27

D) cross-sections

front 28

The Doppler effect is a change in echo ___________.

A) amplitude
B) intensity
C) impedance
D) frequency
E) arrival time

back 28

D) frequency

front 29

The change in the frequency of doppler effect is due to ________________.

A) pathology
B) motion
C) pulses
D) echoes

back 29

B) motion

front 30

The motion that produces the Doppler effect is that of the ___________.

A) transducer
B) sound beam
C) display
D) reflector

back 30

D) reflector

front 31

In medical applications, the flow of _______________ is commonly the source of the Doppler effect. Doppler information is applied to ___________ for audible evaluation and to _________ for visual analysis.

A) urine, loudspeakers, computers
B) blood, earphones, computers
C) lymph, earphones, displays
D) blood, loudspeakers, displays

back 31

D) blood, loudspeakers, displays

front 32

The visual display of Doppler information can be in the form of a ____________-Doppler display or a ___________-Doppler display.

A) spectral, color
B) gray-scale, color
C) linear, sector
D) static, temporal

back 32

A) spectral, color

front 33

Color-Doppler displays can present Doppler-__________ and Doppler-_____________ information in color.

A) frequency, shift
B) frequency, power
C) shift, power
C) bandwidth, shift

back 33

C) shift, power

front 34

A) 2D linear image
B) 2D sector image
C) modified sector image
D) 3D gray-scale image
E) spectral display

back 34

A) 2D linear image

front 35

A) 2D linear image
B) 2D sector image
C) modified sector image
D) 3D gray-scale image
E) spectral display

back 35

D) 3D gray-scale image

front 36

A) 2D linear image
B) 2D sector image
C) modified sector image
D) 3D gray-scale image
E) spectral display

back 36

E) spectral display

front 37

A) 2D linear image
B) 2D sector image
C) modified sector image
D) 3D gray-scale image
E) spectral display

back 37

C) modified sector image

front 38

A) 2D linear image
B) 2D sector image
C) modified sector image
D) 3D gray-scale image
E) spectral display

back 38

B) 2D sector image