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24 notecards = 6 pages (4 cards per page)

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10.7 Decolonization, Nationalism, Apartheid Vocabulary set 1

front 1

Sovereignty

back 1

– The power of a country to govern itself without outside control.

front 2

Partition

back 2

– The division of a country into separate parts, often creating new countries.

front 3

Protest

back 3

– A public action showing disagreement with a law or policy.

front 4

Self-Determination

back 4

– The right of a group of people to decide their own government and future.

front 5

Segregation

back 5

– The separation of people based on race, religion, or ethnicity (often enforced by law).

front 6

Dismantle

back 6

– To break apart or end a system, organization, or structure.

front 7

Nationalist Movements

back 7

Movements where people in a country or region try to gain independence and self-rule.

front 8

Zionism

back 8

A movement to create a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

front 9

Balfour Declaration

back 9

A 1917 statement by Britain supporting the creation of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

front 10

UN General Assembly Resolution 181

back 10

A 1947 United Nations plan to divide Palestine into two states: one Jewish and one Arab.

front 11

Vietminh

back 11

– A group led by Ho Chi Minh that fought for Vietnam’s independence from France.

front 12

17th Parallel

back 12

– The temporary dividing line between North and South Vietnam.

front 13

Ho Chi Minh

back 13

he leader of Vietnam’s independence movement and helped Vietnam become an independent country.

Important things he did:

  • Founded the Vietminh, a group that fought for Vietnam’s independence from France
  • Led resistance against French colonial rule
  • Helped establish North Vietnam after the country was divided
  • Became the leader of North Vietnam and worked toward reunifying Vietnam

front 14

Indian National Congress (INC)

back 14

– A major political group that worked for India’s independence from Britain.

front 15

Muslim League (India)

back 15

– A political group that wanted a separate country for Muslims (Pakistan)

front 16

Civil Disobedience

back 16

– Refusing to obey laws peacefully to protest unfair rule.

front 17

Rowlatt Act

back 17

– British law that allowed imprisonment without trial in India, leading to protests.

front 18

Boycott

back 18

– Refusing to buy or use goods to protest something.

front 19

Salt March

back 19

(1930), led by Mohandas Gandhi, was a 240-mile peaceful protest against British salt laws that forced Indians to buy expensive salt. Gandhi and his followers marched to the sea at Dandi, where he broke the law by picking up natural salt to show resistance through civil disobedience. The march became a powerful symbol of nonviolent protest and helped build support for India’s independence.

front 20

Homespun Movement

back 20

The Homespun Movement was started by Mohandas Gandhi as part of India’s struggle for independence from Britain. It encouraged Indians to spin their own cloth and wear homemade cotton instead of buying British textiles. This was a form of boycotting British goods, meant to weaken British economic control and promote Indian self-reliance.

front 21

Partition of India

back 21

– The division of India into two countries: India and Pakistan in 1947.

front 22

Ho Chi Minh

back 22

the leader of Vietnam’s independence movement and helped Vietnam become an independent country.

Important things he did:

  • Founded the Vietminh, a group that fought for Vietnam’s independence from France
  • Led resistance against French colonial rule
  • Helped establish North Vietnam after the country was divided
  • Became the leader of North Vietnam and worked toward reunifying Vietnam

front 23

Mohandas Gandhi

back 23

Why he is important:
Gandhi was the leader of India’s independence movement and is famous for using nonviolence to fight British rule.

Important things he did:

  • Led India’s independence movement against British control
  • Used nonviolence (peaceful protest) and civil disobedience
  • Organized major protests like the Salt March
  • Encouraged boycotts of British goods and promoted the Homespun Movement
  • Inspired movements for civil rights around the world

front 24

Muhammad Jinnah

back 24

Why he is important:
Muhammad Jinnah was the leader who helped create the country of Pakistan.

Important things he did:

  • Led the Muslim League, which supported a separate country for Muslims in India
  • Argued that Muslims needed their own nation to protect their rights
  • Played a major role in the Partition of India (1947)
  • Became the first leader (Governor-General) of Pakistan