front 1 How does a high bacterial load in a wound affect wound healing? A. Competes with healthy cells for oxygen B. Enhances granulation tissue formation C. Decreases inflammation D. Promotes tissue perfusion | back 1 A. Competes with healthy cells for oxygen Correct. A high bacterial load competes with healthy cells for oxygen, reducing the amount available for healing. |
front 2 What is a characteristic sign of a local infection in a wound? A. Systemic fever B. Redness confined to the wound edges C. No exudate D. Red streaks extending from the wound | back 2 B. Redness confined to the wound edges Correct. Redness confined to the wound edges is a sign of a local infection. |
front 3 Which clinical symptom is most indicative of a spreading wound infection? A. Increased wound size B. Red streaks extending from the wound C. Mild pain around the wound D. Local warmth | back 3 B. Red streaks extending from the wound Correct. Red streaks extending from the wound (lymphangitis) indicate a spreading infection. |
front 4 What is the primary benefit of using a polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) dressing on a wound? A. It creates an osmotic effect that dehydrates bacteria. B. It donates silver to the wound surface. C. It binds to bacteria and is removed with a dressing change. D. It disrupts bacterial cell membranes, killing the bacteria. | back 4 D. It disrupts bacterial cell membranes, killing the bacteria. PHMB does NOT donate silver; it disrupts bacterial cell membranes. |
front 5 Which phase of bioburden is characterized by bacteria present but not actively multiplying or causing harm? A. Contamination B. Colonization C. Local infection D. Systemic infection | back 5 A. Contamination Colonization involves bacterial replication on the wound surface. The contamination phase is characterized by microorganisms present but not actively multiplying or causing harm. |
front 6 What characteristic of biofilm makes it particularly problematic in wound care? A. Rapid reproduction of bacteria B. Protective extracellular matrix C. Single-celled structure D. Ability to form spores | back 6 B. Protective extracellular matrix Biofilms are problematic because their extracellular matrix shields bacteria from antibiotics and the immune system. |
front 7 Which clinical tool helps IDENTIFY signs of local infection in wounds? A. ASEPSIS B. NERDS C. STONEES D. TILI | back 7 C. NERDS NERDS helps identify signs of local infection in wounds. |
front 8 Which type of bacteria is commonly associated with a sweet fruity or pungent odor in wound infections? A. Staphylococcus aureus B. Pseudomonas aeruginosa C. Escherichia coli D. Streptococcus agalactiae | back 8 B. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pseudomonas aeruginosa is associated with a sweet fruity or pungent odor. |
front 9 Which hematological marker is commonly used to diagnose wound infections? A. Hemoglobin level B. C-reactive protein C. Blood glucose level D. Serum potassium | back 9 B. C-reactive C-reactive protein is a common hematological marker used to diagnose wound infections. |
front 10 Which dressing type is effective in reducing biofilm and preventing its reformation? A. Hydrocolloid dressing B. Silver dressing C. Alginate dressing D. Transparent film dressing | back 10 B. Silver dressings Silver dressings are effective in reducing biofilm and preventing its reformation. |
front 11 Which microbiological diagnostic method distinguishes between actual infection and colonization? A. Qualitative wound culture B. Bone scan C. Fluoroscopy D. Quantitative wound culture | back 11 D. Quantitative wound culture Quantitative wound culture measures distinguish between colonization and infection. |
front 12 Which agent is used specifically to inhibit the growth of bacteria in a wound? A. Antiseptic B. Surfactant C. Antibacterial D. Antimicrobial | back 12 C. Antibacterial Antibacterial agents specifically inhibit the growth of bacteria. |
front 13 Which diagnostic method is considered the gold standard for diagnosing wound infections? A. Swab culture B. Aspiration C. Radiological imaging D. Tissue biopsy | back 13 D. Tissue Biopsy Tissue biopsy is considered the gold standard for diagnosing wound infections as it provides accurate quantitative and qualitative data. It involves removing a small tissue from the wound for laboratory analysis. |
front 14 Which type of antimicrobial dressing uses high sugar and low water content to inhibit biofilm growth? A. Leptospermum honey B. Polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) C. Cadexomer iodine D. Silver | back 14 A. Leptospermum honey Leptospermum honey uses high sugar and low water content to inhibit biofilm growth. It creates an osmotic effect to dehydrate the bacteria. |