front 1 Who discovered x-rays? | back 1 Dr. Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen. |
front 2 On what date were x-rays discovered? | back 2 November 8, 1895. |
front 3 The first radiograph was an image of whose hand? | back 3 Mrs. Roentgen's hand. |
front 4 For his discovery | back 4 Wilhelm Roentgen received the first Nobel Prize in what field in 1901? ,Physics. |
front 5 A fundamental property of x-rays is that they are electrically _____. | back 5 neutral |
front 6 Regarding their physical properties | back 6 x-rays have no _____. ,mass |
front 7 In a vacuum | back 7 at what speed do x-rays travel? ,At the speed of light. |
front 8 Unlike visible light | back 8 x-rays cannot be optically _____., focused |
front 9 An x-ray beam that is composed of a range of different energies is described as being _____. | back 9 polyenergetic (or heterogeneous) |
front 10 X-rays are capable of causing certain substances to _____. fluoresce | back 10 no data |
front 11 When x-rays interact with tissues in the human body | back 11 they can be absorbed or _____., scattered |
front 12 The interaction of x-rays with matter can produce _____ radiation. | back 12 secondary |
front 13 A significant biological property of x-rays is their ability to cause chemical and biologic _____ to living tissue. | back 13 damage |
front 14 X-rays exhibit a dual nature | back 14 behaving as both waves and _____. ,particles |
front 15 As particles | back 15 x-rays are described as moving in discrete bundles of energy called _____. ,photons |
front 16 In the context of electromagnetic waves | back 16 what is the relationship between wavelength and frequency? ,They are inversely related. |
front 17 What does wavelength represent in an electromagnetic wave? | back 17 The distance between two successive crests or troughs. |
front 18 What does frequency represent in an electromagnetic wave? | back 18 The number of waves passing a given point per unit of time. |
front 19 What is the approximate wavelength range of x-rays used in radiography? | back 19 From $0.1$ to $1.0$ Ångströms ($\AA$). |
front 20 What is the approximate frequency range of x-rays used in radiography? | back 20 From $3 \times 10^{19}$ to $3 \times 10^{18}$ Hz. |
front 21 Higher energy electromagnetic radiation will have _____ frequencies and _____ wavelengths. | back 21 high, short |
front 22 What is the Standard (British) unit for measuring radiation exposure in air? | back 22 Roentgen (R). |
front 23 What is the SI unit for measuring radiation exposure in air? | back 23 Coulomb/kilogram (C/kg) or air kerma (Gya). |
front 24 The roentgen (R) is a measure of the intensity of radiation exposure based on the amount of _____ in a specified amount of air. | back 24 ionization |
front 25 Term: Absorbed Dose Definition: | back 25 A measure of the transfer of radiation energy into matter, such as tissue. |
front 26 What is the Standard (British) unit for absorbed dose? | back 26 Radiation absorbed dose (rad). |
front 27 What is the SI unit for absorbed dose? | back 27 Gray (Gyt). |
front 28 To convert rad to gray (Gy) | back 28 one must use a conversion factor of _____., $0.01$ (since 1 rad = 0.01 Gy). |
front 29 What is the Standard (British) unit for equivalent dose? | back 29 Radiation equivalent in man (rem). |