front 1 According to the MyPlate system, bread, cereals, rice, and pasta should make up a little more than half of an individual's diet. True False | back 1 False |
front 2 If more glucose is consumed than is needed, the glucose can be converted to an essential amino acid so that protein synthesis can increase. converted to acetyl CoA that is then used to synthesize triglycerides for storage. broken down to 2 NADH molecules that can enter the citric acid cycle. deaminated by the liver and sent to the kidney for excretion in the urine. | back 2 converted to acetyl CoA that is then used to synthesize triglycerides for storage. |
front 3 Recommended daily allowances established by the Food and Nutrition Board are based on individual needs and factor in sex, age, and body mass. averages obtained from population studies. | back 3 averages obtained from population studies. |
front 4 How do low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) move into cells? LDLs diffuse through channels in the membrane. LDLs are engulfed through receptor-mediated endocytosis. LDLs diffuse through the phospholipid bilayer. LDLs are transported through a pump that is also an ATPase. | back 4 LDLs are engulfed through receptor-mediated endocytosis. |
front 5 Most amino acids are essential amino acids. True False | back 5 False |
front 6 Food labels are required by law to include the amount of cholesterol in each serving. True False | back 6 True |
front 7 A nonessential amino acid is one that is not used in any physiological functions. can be made within the body. has the same structure as one of the other amino acids. needs to come from the diet. | back 7 can be made within the body. |
front 8 Recommended daily allowances were established by the Food and Nutrition board as directed by the largest food-producing companies. National Academy of Sciences. | back 8 National Academy of Sciences. |
front 9 Some amino acids can be synthesized by the body. Such an amino acid would be classified as a nonessential nutrient. True False | back 9 True |
front 10 The fed state occurs about 12 hours after a meal, when you are sleeping. from when you are eating until about 4 hours after the meal. | back 10 from when you are eating until about 4 hours after the meal. |
front 11 When fatty acids are metabolized for cellular respiration, the first step involves breaking two carbons off the chain at a time to form acetyl CoA molecules. Acetyl CoA then undergoes glycolysis. enters the citric acid cycle. begins the electron transport chain. is converted to pyruvate and lactate. | back 11 enters the citric acid cycle. |
front 12 Low dietary intake of cholesterol triggers cholesterol synthesis within the liver to increase. True False | back 12 True |
front 13 Negative nitrogen balance is commonly seen in individuals who are pregnant or growing. have lost blood or are malnourished. | back 13 have lost blood or are malnourished. |
front 14 Essential vitamins must be provided in the diet. True False | back 14 True |
front 15 Cholesterol is both acquired through the diet and synthesized in the body. True False | back 15 True |
front 16 Positive nitrogen balance is a condition where an individual's nitrogen input is equal to its loss in urine and feces. an individual absorbs more nitrogen than is excreted. an individual's nitrogen intake is greater than phosphate intake. too many proteins are being ingested in the diet. a food has a positive effect on blood nitrogen levels. | back 16 an individual absorbs more nitrogen than is excreted. |
front 17 The liver is involved in the metabolism of each of the three major nutrient biomolecules. True False | back 17 True |
front 18 Individuals who consume excess carbohydrates can deposit additional triglycerides into their adipose tissue. True False | back 18 True |
front 19 Calcium, chloride, and potassium are all examples of _________ minerals. major trace fat-soluble nonessential | back 19 major |
front 20 Inorganic ions such as sodium and potassium are vitamins. essential amino acids. minerals. trace carbohydrates. | back 20 minerals. |