front 1 Excessive intake of alcohol leads to respiratory alkalosis. True False | back 1 False |
front 2 If a strong acid were to add to the intracellular fluid, the effect would most likely be buffered, because would act as a weak acid and donate an to become . would act as a weak base and accept an to become . would act as a weak acid and accept an to become . would act as a strong base and accept an to become . | back 2 would act as a weak base and accept an to become . |
front 3 A substance that dissociates in water to form cations and anions is called a nonelectrolyte. True False | back 3 False |
front 4 Facultative water loss is loss that occurs regardless of the state of hydration of the body. is controlled by hormone effects on the kidney. occurs through sweating and breathing. | back 4 is controlled by hormone effects on the kidney. |
front 5 The stimuli that trigger the release of ADH are high blood pressure, high blood volume, and high blood osmolarity. high blood pressure, low blood volume, and low blood osmolarity. low blood pressure, low blood volume, and high blood osmolarity. low blood pressure, high blood volume, and high blood osmolarity. low blood pressure, low blood volume, and low blood osmolarity. | back 5 low blood pressure, low blood volume, and high blood osmolarity. |
front 6 If someone runs a marathon through a desert while eating pretzels and not drinking water, their plasma osmolarity rises and becomes hypertonic to the interstitial and intracellular fluid compartments. rises and becomes hypotonic to the interstitial and intracellular fluid compartments. decreases and becomes hypertonic to the interstitial and intracellular fluid compartments. decreases and becomes hypotonic to the interstitial and intracellular fluid compartments. | back 6 rises and becomes hypertonic to the interstitial and intracellular fluid compartments. |
front 7 Which of the following does not turn off the thirst center of the brain? Decreased blood osmolarity Entry of fluid in the stomach Decreased salivary secretions Increased blood pressure | back 7 Decreased salivary secretions |
front 8 Decreased stretch of baroreceptors within the aorta and carotid arteries results in stimulation of the hypothalamus; this stimulation increases ADH secretion. True False | back 8 True |
front 9 When NaCl is added to body fluids, it results in the addition of one solute particle per NaCl molecule and exerts an osmotic pressure equivalent to that of a nonelectrolyte. two solute particles per NaCl molecule and exerts twice the osmotic pressure of the same number of nonelectrolyte molecules. three solute particles per NaCl molecule and exerts one-third the osmotic pressure of the same number of nonelectrolyte molecules. one solute particle per NaCl molecule, but because it is uncharged it does not result in osmotic pressure. | back 9 two solute particles per NaCl molecule and exerts twice the osmotic pressure of the same number of nonelectrolyte molecules. |
front 10 When compared to extracellular fluid, intracellular fluid contains more potassium and more negatively charged proteins. more potassium but fewer negatively charged proteins. less potassium but more negatively charged proteins. less potassium and less negatively charged proteins. | back 10 more potassium and more negatively charged proteins. |
front 11 If someone in an accident suffered severe burns as well as hemorrhage, they would be at high risk for hypotonic hydration. volume depletion. hypotonic dehydration. volume excess. | back 11 volume depletion. |
front 12 Most potassium loss from the body occurs through sweat. urine. feces. respiration. | back 12 urine |
front 13 The most common type of acid-base imbalance is metabolic acidosis. metabolic alkalosis. respiratory acidosis. respiratory alkalosis. | back 13 respiratory acidosis. |
front 14 The release of aldosterone is triggered by a decrease in blood plasma potassium levels. True False | back 14 False |
front 15 Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is synthesized in the_________ and released from the_________. anterior pituitary; posterior pituitary anterior pituitary; hypothalamus hypothalamus; posterior pituitary hypothalamus; anterior pituitary | back 15 hypothalamus; posterior pituitary |
front 16 Impaired renal function within the elderly elevates their risk for acid-base imbalance. True False | back 16 True |
front 17 When comparing a lean adult female to a lean adult male, which will most likely have a higher percentage of body fluid? The female The male | back 17 The male |
front 18 If an individual's respiratory rate decreases, then blood CO2 levels rise, blood H+ levels rise, and blood pH rises. rise, blood H+ levels rise, and blood pH falls. rise, blood H+ levels fall, and blood pH falls. fall, blood H+ levels rise, and blood pH rises. fall, blood H+ levels fall, and blood pH falls. | back 18 rise, blood H+ levels rise, and blood pH falls. |
front 19 Respiratory acidosis occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen rises. oxygen falls. carbon dioxide rises. carbon dioxide falls. | back 19 carbon dioxide rises. |