Print Options

Card layout: ?

← Back to notecard set|Easy Notecards home page

Instructions for Side by Side Printing
  1. Print the notecards
  2. Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
  4. Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
  1. Verify Front of pages is selected for Viewing and print the front of the notecards
  2. Select Back of pages for Viewing and print the back of the notecards
    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal and vertical dotted line
To print: Ctrl+PPrint as a list

192 notecards = 48 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Anatomy JV Exam 3: Nasal Cavities

front 1

The anterosuperior portion of the nose is innervated by the __________ nerve, specifically through the anterior and posterior __________ nerves, which are branches of the __________ nerve.

back 1

ophthalmic, ethmoidal, nasociliary

front 2

Most of the external nose, including the dorsum and apex, is supplied by CN __________ via the __________ nerve and the external nasal branch of the __________ ethmoidal nerve.

back 2

V1, infratrochlear, anterior

front 3

The alae of the nose are supplied by nasal branches of the __________ nerve, which is a branch of CN __________.

back 3

infraorbital, V2

front 4

What is 1?

back 4

root

front 5

What is 2?

back 5

dorsum

front 6

What is 3?

back 6

apex

front 7

What is 4?

back 7

naris

front 8

What is 5?

back 8

nasal septum

front 9

What is 6?

back 9

ala of nose

front 10

what is the flexible tissue around the nares called?

_______-_______ _______

back 10

fibro-areolar tissue

front 11

The __________ procedure is used to ensure complete removal of __________ or __________ cell carcinoma of the nose, and it is often __________, requiring reconstructive __________.

back 11

Mohs, squamous, basal, disfiguring, surgery

front 12

What is this associated with?

back 12

Mohs procedure

front 13

During nasal reconstructive surgery, __________ cartilage is usually used to replace cartilaginous tissue, though __________ cartilage from the __________ ear may occasionally be used.

back 13

rib, conchal, external

front 14

What was likely used here?

back 14

conchal cartilage or rib cartilage

front 15

what are the regions of each chamber of the nasal cavity?

_______

_______ segment

_______ segment

back 15

vestibuler

espiratory segment

olfactory segment

front 16

what separates the nasal chambers from one another?

____ & ____ ____

back 16

bony & cartilagenous septum

front 17

The nasal vestibule is lined with __________ __________ epithelium and contains __________ that help prevent large __________ from entering the nasal cavities.

back 17

stratified squamous, hairs, particulates

front 18

The vestibule communicates with the external environment through the __________ __________, and at its end, the epithelium transitions from stratified squamous to __________ __________ __________ epithelium with __________ cells.

back 18

external nares, pseudostratified columnar ciliated, goblet

front 19

Normal respiratory epithelium is __________ __________ __________ epithelium with __________ cells and begins where the __________ ends.

back 19

pseudostratified columnar ciliated, goblet, vestibule

front 20

What is 1?

back 20

conchae

front 21

What is 2?

back 21

nasal mucosa

front 22

What is 3?

back 22

vestibule

front 23

What is 4?

back 23

hard palate

front 24

What is 5?

back 24

soft palate

front 25

What is 6?

back 25

oral cavity

front 26

What is 7?

back 26

hyoid bone

front 27

What is 8?

back 27

epiglottis

front 28

What is 9?

back 28

larynx

front 29

What is 10?

back 29

thyroid cartilage

front 30

What is 11?

back 30

cricoid cartilage

front 31

What is 12?

back 31

trachea

front 32

What is 13?

back 32

esophagus

front 33

What is 14?

back 33

vocal fold

front 34

What is 15?

back 34

ventricular fold

front 35

What is 16?

back 35

laryngopharynx

front 36

What is 17?

back 36

oropharynx

front 37

What is 18?

back 37

nasopharynx

front 38

What is 19?

back 38

orfice of auditory tube

front 39

What is 20?

back 39

choanae

front 40

In the respiratory segment, the medial wall is formed by the __________ __________, while the lateral wall is formed by the __________, which increase __________ __________ and cause __________ in airflow for better warming and moisturizing.

back 40

nasal septum, conchae, surface area, turbulence

front 41

What is 1?

back 41

goblet cells

front 42

What is 2?

back 42

ciliated cells

front 43

What is 3?

back 43

basal cells

front 44

What is 4?

back 44

CT

front 45

The lamina propria of the nasal cavity is highly __________ to help __________ inspired air and contains mucous glands with __________ __________ that secrete __________, an antibacterial enzyme.

back 45

vascular, warm, serous demilunes, lysozyme

front 46

During allergic reactions and viral infections, blood vessels in the nasal cavity lamina propria become excessively __________ and __________, causing distension that makes __________ more difficult.

back 46

engorged, leaky, breathing

front 47

The olfactory segment is lined with __________ __________ epithelium that contains specialized cells including __________ cells (special visceral sensory), __________ cells (provide mechanical and metabolic support), and __________ cells (mitotic cells for renewal).

back 47

pseudostratified columnar, olfactory, sustentacular, basal

front 48

In the olfactory epithelium, __________ cells function in general sensory input, are innervated by CN __________, and detect __________; they are also found in respiratory epithelium.

back 48

brush, V, touch

front 49

Olfactory cells in the olfactory epithelium are __________ __________ sensory cells responsible for detecting odors, while supporting or __________ cells provide __________ and __________ support to these sensory cells.

back 49

special visceral, sustentacular, mechanical, metabolic

front 50

Basal cells in the olfactory epithelium are __________ cells that renew __________ and __________ cells, and brush cells are general sensory cells innervated by CN __________ that signal __________ from the olfactory epithelium.

back 50

mitotic, sensory, sustentacular, V, touch

front 51

The olfactory nerve (CN I) is formed by axons arising from the __________ ends of olfactory __________ that join together and penetrate the __________ plate of the __________ bone to synapse in the olfactory __________.

back 51

basal, cells, cribiform, ethmoid, bulb

front 52

Unlike most neurons in adult humans, olfactory neurons have the ability to __________.

back 52

regenerate

front 53

At the apical end of olfactory cells is the olfactory __________, which contains non-motile __________ that serve as sites of olfactory __________.

back 53

vesicle, cilia, receptors

front 54

At the basal end of olfactory cells is the __________ that joins axons from adjacent cells to form the __________ nerve (CN I).

back 54

axon, olfactory

front 55

what is this?

back 55

olfactory epithlium (olfactory glands = Bowman's glands)

front 56

What is 1?

back 56

duct

front 57

What is 2?

back 57

olfactory epithelium

front 58

What is 3?

back 58

duct

front 59

What is 4?

back 59

olfactory glands

front 60

What is 5?

back 60

olfactory nerves

front 61

what is this?

back 61

olfactory epithelium

glands = Bowman's glands

front 62

What is 1?

back 62

nerves

front 63

What is 2?

back 63

blood vessels

front 64

What is 3?

back 64

epithelium

front 65

What is 4?

back 65

glands

front 66

what are the external nose & posterior nasal cavity composed of?

external nose - _____ _____

posterior nasal cavity - _____ _____

back 66

predominantly cartilagenous

predominantly bone

front 67

what are the posterior openings of the nasal cavities into the nasopharynx?

_____

back 67

choanae

front 68

What is 1?

back 68

choanae

front 69

What is 2?

back 69

nasopharynx

front 70

What is 3?

back 70

soft palate

front 71

What is 4?

back 71

oropharynx

front 72

What is 5?

back 72

oral cavity

front 73

What is 6?

back 73

nares

front 74

What is 7?

back 74

external nose

front 75

What is 8?

back 75

nasal septum

front 76

What is 9?

back 76

right orbit

front 77

The major components forming the medial wall of the nasal septum are the __________ __________, the __________, and the __________ __________ of the __________ bone.

back 77

septal cartilage, vomer, perpendicular plate, ethmoid

front 78

Small contributions to the medial nasal septum come from the __________ bones, nasal __________ of the __________ bone, nasal __________ of the __________ and __________ bones, the __________ of the __________ bone, and the __________ crest of the __________.

back 78

nasal, spine, frontal, crests, maxillary, palatine, rostrum, sphenoid, incisor, maxilla

front 79

What is 1?

back 79

nasal spine of frontal bone

front 80

What is 2?

back 80

perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone

front 81

What is 3?

back 81

sphenoidal sinus

front 82

What is 4?

back 82

pituitary fossa

front 83

What is 5?

back 83

nasal crest of maxillary and palatine bones

front 84

What is 6?

back 84

vomer

front 85

What is 7?

back 85

incisor crest

front 86

What is 8?

back 86

septal cartilage

front 87

What is 9?

back 87

nasal bone

front 88

The highest point forming the roof of the nasal cavity is the __________ __________ of the __________ bone.

back 88

cribiform plate, ethmoid

front 89

More anteriorly, the roof of the nasal cavity is formed by the nasal __________ of the __________ bone, the __________ bone, lateral processes of the __________ bone, and the major __________ cartilages.

back 89

spine, frontal, nasal, septal, alar

front 90

The __________ __________ rests on the cribiform plate of the __________ bone and is the site where olfactory nerves passing through the olfactory __________ synapse.

back 90

olfactory bulb, ethmoid, foramina

front 91

What is 1?

back 91

frontal crest

front 92

What is 2?

back 92

foramen cecum

front 93

What is 3?

back 93

foramina of cribiform plate

front 94

What is 4?

back 94

body of sphenoid

front 95

What is 5?

back 95

anterior clinoid process

front 96

What is 6?

back 96

lesser wing (of sphenoid)

front 97

What is 7?

back 97

cribiform plate

front 98

What is 8?

back 98

orbital part (of frontal bone)

front 99

What is 9?

back 99

crista galli

front 100

The floor of the nasal cavities is formed by the soft tissue of the __________ __________ and the upper surface of the hard palate, which includes the __________ process of the __________ bone and the __________ plate of the __________ bone.

back 100

external nose, palatine, maxillary, horizontal, palatine

front 101

The lateral wall of the nasal cavities includes the __________ bone, the __________ bone (specifically the labyrinth and uncinate process), and the __________ bone with its perpendicular plate.

back 101

nasal, ethmoid, palatine

front 102

Additional contributors to the lateral wall of the nasal cavities are the __________ bone (medial surface), __________ bone (medial plate of pterygoid process), __________ bone (medial surface), and the __________ nasal concha.

back 102

lacrimal, sphenoid, maxilla, inferior

front 103

What is 1?

back 103

frontal process of maxilla

front 104

What is 2?

back 104

lacrimal bone

front 105

What is 3?

back 105

superior concha

front 106

What is 4?

back 106

middle concha

front 107

What is 5?

back 107

uncinate process of ethmoid

front 108

What is 6?

back 108

medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone

front 109

What is 7?

back 109

perpendicular plate of palatine bone

front 110

What is 8?

back 110

inferior concha

front 111

What is 9?

back 111

minor alar cartilage

front 112

What is 10?

back 112

major alar cartilage

front 113

What is 11?

back 113

lateral process of septal cartilage

front 114

What is 12?

back 114

nasal bone

front 115

What is 1?

back 115

superior concha

front 116

What is 2?

back 116

middle concha

front 117

What is 3?

back 117

opening of pharyngotympanic tube

front 118

What is 4?

back 118

nasopharynx

front 119

What is 5?

back 119

soft palate

front 120

What is 6?

back 120

inferior concha

front 121

The paranasal sinuses include the __________, __________ air cells (anterior, middle, posterior), __________, and __________ sinuses.

back 121

frontal, ethmoidal, maxillary, sphenoidal

front 122

All paranasal sinuses drain into the __________ __________.

back 122

nasal cavities

front 123

What is 1?

back 123

ethmoid sinsues

front 124

What is 2?

back 124

sphenoid sinus

front 125

What is 3?

back 125

maxillary sinuses

front 126

What is 4?

back 126

frontal sinuses

front 127

What is 5?

back 127

ethmoid sinuses

front 128

What is 6?

back 128

sphenoid sinus

front 129

What is 7?

back 129

maxillary sinuses

front 130

What is 1?

back 130

ethmoid sinuses

front 131

What is 2?

back 131

middle concha

front 132

What is 3?

back 132

inferior concha

front 133

What is 4?

back 133

maxillary sinus

front 134

What is 5?

back 134

superior concha

front 135

The frontal sinus drains via the __________ __________ into the __________ __________ of the nasal cavity.

back 135

frontonasal duct, middle meatus

front 136

The anterior ethmoidal air cells drain into the __________ __________ or the __________, while the middle ethmoidal air cells drain onto the __________ __________. The posterior ethmoidal air cells drain onto the __________ wall of the __________ __________ in the nasal cavity.

back 136

frontonasal duct, infundibulum, ethmoidal bulla, lateral, superior meatus

front 137

where does the maxillary sinus drain?

into __________ __________

back 137

into semilunar hiatus

front 138

where does the sphenoid sinus drain?

into __________ -__________ __________

back 138

into spheno-ethmoidal recess

front 139

The frontal sinus is innervated by branches of the __________ nerve (a branch of CN __________), while the ethmoidal sinuses are innervated by branches of the __________ nerve (V1) and orbital branches of CN __________ from the __________ ganglion.

back 139

supraorbital, V1, nasociliary, V2, pterygopalatine

front 140

The maxillary sinus is innervated by the __________ and __________ branches of CN __________, while the sphenoidal sinus is innervated by the __________ __________ branch of CN __________ and orbital branches of CN __________ from the pterygopalatine ganglion.

back 140

infraorbital, alveolar, V2, posterior ethmoidal, V1, V2

front 141

An alternative to craniotomy for removing a pituitary tumor is a __________ __________, which involves going under the __________ __________, through the __________ __________, and then through the posterior wall of the __________ __________ to access the pituitary mass.

back 141

transsphenoidal hypophysectomy, upper lip, nasal cavity, sphenoid sinus

front 142

what has happened to this patient?

back 142

bilateral maxillary sinusitis (worse on left than right)

front 143

The ostium of the maxillary sinus is located near the __________ part of the sinus, making __________ __________ essential for proper drainage; impaired clearance can lead to __________ __________.

back 143

upper, ciliary motility, maxillary sinusitis

front 144

The terminal branch of the maxillary artery is the __________ artery, which is the major __________ __________ to the nasal cavity.

back 144

sphenopalatine, blood supply

front 145

What is 1?

back 145

anterior ethmoidal artery

front 146

What is 2?

back 146

middle concha

front 147

What is 3?

back 147

posterior ethmoidal artery

front 148

What is 4?

back 148

superior concha

front 149

What is 5?

back 149

sphenopalatine artery

front 150

What is 6?

back 150

posterior lateral nasal branches of sphenopalatine artery

front 151

What is 7?

back 151

inferior concha

front 152

What is 8?

back 152

greater palatine artery

front 153

What is 9?

back 153

alar branch of lateral nasal artery

front 154

What is 10?

back 154

external nasal artery from anterior ethmoidal artery

front 155

What is 1?

back 155

septal branch of anterior ethmoidal artery

front 156

What is 2?

back 156

area of significant anastomoses (prone to nose bleeds)

front 157

What is 3?

back 157

septal branch from nasal artery from superior labial artery

front 158

What is 4?

back 158

terminal part of palatine artery

front 159

What is 5?

back 159

posterior septal branch of sphenopalatine artery

front 160

What is 6?

back 160

septal branch of posterior ethmoidal artery

front 161

The sphenopalatine artery, the largest vessel supplying the nasal cavity, gives rise to two branches: the __________ __________ nasal artery and the __________ __________ artery.

back 161

posterior lateral, posterior septal

front 162

The greater palatine artery travels from the __________ __________ through the __________ __________ foramen, runs along the roof of the __________ __________, and enters the nasal cavity via the __________ foramen.

back 162

pterygopalatine fossa, greater palatine, oral cavity, incisive

front 163

what branches of the maxillary a. supply the nasal cavity?

__________ artery, __________ __________ artery

back 163

sphenopalatine artery, greater palatine artery

front 164

The greater palatine artery is a branch of the __________ artery; it travels from the __________ __________ through the __________ __________ foramen, runs along the roof of the __________ __________, and enters the nasal cavity via the __________ foramen.

back 164

maxillary, pterygopalatine fossa, greater palatine, oral cavity, incisive

front 165

The anterior ethmoidal artery, a branch of the __________ artery, enters the nasal cavity through a foramen just lateral to the __________ __________ of the __________ bone and gives off a branch to the __________ and a __________ branch.

back 165

ophthalmic, crista galli, ethmoid, septum, lateral

front 166

The posterior ethmoidal artery, also a branch of the ophthalmic artery, supplies the upper posterior __________ __________ and the __________ of the nasal cavity.

back 166

lateral wall, septum

front 167

__________ __________ is the site of anterior nosebleeds that are easily stopped by pinching the nose; it is an area of anastomoses of arteries in the __________ __________.

back 167

Kiesselbach’s plexus, anterior septum

front 168

Blood from the nasal cavity mostly drains posteriorly into the __________ __________ or the __________ __________.

back 168

pterygoid plexus, cavernous sinus

front 169

Infections from the external nose or nasal cavity can drain back to the __________ __________, potentially leading to __________ __________ __________, a serious late complication.

back 169

cavernous sinus, cavernous sinus thrombosis

front 170

The maxillofacial death pyramid, also known as the "__________ __________," is significant because infections in this area can spread posteriorly via __________ drainage into the __________ __________, potentially causing __________ __________ thrombosis.

back 170

danger zone, venous, cavernous sinus, cavernous sinus

front 171

What is this?

back 171

maxillofacial death pyramid

front 172

What is 1?

back 172

anterior ethmoid

front 173

What is 2?

back 173

olfactory bulb

front 174

What is 3?

back 174

olfactory nerve (1)

front 175

What is 4?

back 175

sphenopalatine foramen

front 176

What is 5?

back 176

posterior superior lateral nasal nerves

front 177

What is 6?

back 177

posterior inferior lateral nasal nerves

front 178

What is 7?

back 178

nasal branch of anterior superior alveolar nerve

front 179

What is 8?

back 179

internal nasal branches of infra-orbital nerve

front 180

What is 9?

back 180

external nasal branch of anterior ethmoid

front 181

What is 1?

back 181

olfactory nerve (1) (septal branches)

front 182

What is 2?

back 182

septal branch of anterior ethmoidal nerve

front 183

What is 3?

back 183

nasopalatine nerve

front 184

Parasympathetic preganglionic axons run in the __________ __________ nerve (CN __________), while postganglionic neurons reside in the __________ __________ ganglion; their secretomotor axons travel with branches of CN __________ that enter the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.

back 184

greater petrosal, VII, pterygopalatine, V

front 185

Sympathetic preganglionic neurons originate at the spinal cord level __________ and synapse in the __________ __________ ganglion; postganglionic axons travel in the __________ plexus.

back 185

T1, superior cervical, carotid

front 186

Postganglionic sympathetic axons travel via the __________ __________ nerve, which joins the __________ __________ nerve to form the nerve of the __________ __________; these axons travel with parasympathetics in branches of CN __________ and have __________ function.

back 186

deep petrosal, greater petrosal, pterygoid canal, V, vasomotor

front 187

where does the nasolacrimal duct drain?

into __________ __________ __________

back 187

into inferior nasal meatus

front 188

Kiesselbach's plexus is formed by the anastomoses of the septal branches of the __________ __________ and __________ arteries, the __________ artery (from the superior labial artery), and the terminal branch of the __________ __________ artery.

back 188

anterior ethmoidal, sphenopalatine, nasal, greater palatine

front 189

At the point where the nasal vestibule ends, the __________ __________ epithelium is replaced by __________ __________ __________ __________ epithelium containing __________ cells.

back 189

stratified squamous, pseudostratified columnar ciliated, goblet

front 190

The embryonic origin of the nasal sinuses is __________ of the __________ __________ of the nasal cavity, also called __________ of the lining of the nasal cavity.

back 190

evaginations, mucous membrane, diverticulum

front 191

Functions of the nasal cavities include __________ the voice, serving as a site of __________, and helping to __________ the weight of the skull.

back 191

resonating, infection, lighten

front 192

Posterior nosebleeds account for about __________% of nosebleeds and often require the uncomfortable procedure of __________ __________ for management.

back 192

10, nasal packing