front 1 Frontalis | back 1 Thin, wide, four-sided muscle located at the forehead. Function: Elevating eyebrows |
front 2 Occipitalis | back 2 Function: Moves the eyebrows and scalp up and back, and wrinkle the forehead |
front 3 Sternocleidomastoid | back 3 Function: Powerful muscle in your neck that allows you to bend your neck, turn and tilt your head. |
front 4 Temporalis | back 4 Fan-shaped Muscle located at each side of the head/skull near the area of the temples Function: Moves the mandible up, back, and side to side |
front 5 Masseter | back 5 Function: Helps us chew |
front 6 Orbicularis oris | back 6 Definition: Multi-layered muscle which attaches through a thin, superficial musculoaponeurotic system to the upper and lower lip. Function: Swallowing, sucking, whistling, chewing, vowel pronunciation, and kissing |
front 7 Orbicularis oculi | back 7 Muscle in the eyelids Function: Closes the eyelids and pumps tears |
front 8 Nasalis | back 8 Definition: Paired muscle that covers the dorsum of the nose Function: Compress nasal cartilage |
front 9 Zygomaticus minor | back 9 Definition: Thin paired facial muscle extending horizontally over the cheeks Function: Draws the upper lip back, up, and out, and is used for smiling |
front 10 Zygomaticus major | back 10 Definition: Muscle that controls facial expressions, drawing the mouth's angle upward and outward Function: Pulls the angle of the mouth |
front 11 Levator scapulae | back 11 Large superficial muscle that stretches along the outside of the neck from the cervical vertebrae to the scapula. Function: Elevates the scapula and tilts the glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating the scapula downward |
front 12 Splenius capitis | back 12 Thick, flat muscle at the posterior aspect of the neck arising from the midline and extending superolaterally to the cervical vertebrae Function: Flexes and rotates the neck |
front 13 Pectoralis minor | back 13 Small, flat, triangular-shaped muscle located in your chest Function: Stabalization, depression, abduction or protraction, internal and downward rotation of the scapula |
front 14 Pectoralis major | back 14 Largest muscle of the anterior chest Function: Moves the arm |
front 15 Serratus anterior | back 15 Fan-shaped muscle that is on the superolateral surfaces of the first to eighth ribs Function: Lifts the ribs assisting with respiration |
front 16 Internal oblique | back 16 On the lateral side of the abdomen Function: Flexes and bends the trunk, assists forced expiration by depressing lower ribs, and helps to maintain intra-abdominal pressure in defecation, micturition, and childbirth. |
front 17 External oblique | back 17 Located on the outer surface of the sides of the abdomen, and on each side of the rectus abdominis Function: Pulls the chest downwards and compresses the abdominal cavity |
front 18 Rectus abdominis | back 18 Between the ribs and the pubic bone at the front of the pelvis Function: Moves the body between the ribcage and the pelvis |
front 19 Trapezius | back 19 Definition: Large superficial back muscle that resembles a trapezoid Function: Stabalize and move the scapula |
front 20 Rhomboideus minor | back 20 Definition: Cylindrical muscle that originates at the ligamentum nuchae and C7 and T1 vertebra Function: Retracts the scapula when trapeaius is contracted |
front 21 Rhomboideus major | back 21 Quadrangular muscle located inferior to the rhomboid minor Function: Holds the scapula on the ribcage |
front 22 Supraspinatus | back 22 Definition: The most superior of the four rotator cuff muscles Function: Abduction of the arm, and pulls the head of the humerus medially towards the glenoid cavity. |
front 23 Infraspinatus | back 23 Definition: Thick triangular muscle that occupies much of the infraspinous fossa of the scapula Function: Assisting in external rotation of the shoulder joint, scaption, and lateral rotation of the humerus |
front 24 Teres minor | back 24 Definition: Deep to the deltoid muscle Function: Stabalizes ball and socket glenohumeral joint by helping hold the humeral head into the glenoid cavity of the scapula |
front 25 Teres major | back 25 Definition: Thick but flattened, rectangular muscle that extends from the inferior posterior scapula to the medial lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus Function: Extend, adduct, and internally rotate the humerus |
front 26 Latissimus dorsi | back 26 Definition: One of the largest muscles of the back, stretching across the lower posterior thorax Function: Pulls the inferior angle of the scapula in various directions producing movements on the shoulder joint |
front 27 Lumbodorsal fascia | back 27 Definition: Multilayer arrangement of the fascial and aponeurotic layers forming a separation between the paraspinal muscles on one side and the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall on the other side Function: Acts as an attachment site for the trapezius muscle, latissimus dorsi, gluteus maximus, and the hamstrings group of muscles |
front 28 deltoid | back 28 Definition: Each of the three parts of a deltoid muscle, attached at the front, side, and rear of the shoulder Function: Prime mover of shoulder abduction |
front 29 Biceps brachii | back 29 A large, thick muscle on the ventral portion of the upper arm Function: Flex the elbow and rotate the forearm |
front 30 Brachialis | back 30 Definition: Elbow flexor that originates from the distal anterior humerus and inserts onto the ulnar tuberosity Function: Provides pure flexion of the forearm at the elbow |
front 31 Triceps brachii | back 31 Definition: Large thick muscle on the dorsal part of the upper arm Function: Extension of the elbow joint |
front 32 Extensor carpi radialis | back 32 Muscle found in the posterior compartment of the forearm Function: Produce wrist extension and abduction |
front 33 Pronator teres | back 33 Fusiform forearm muscle found in the superficial layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm Function: Pronates the forearm and assists in flexion of the elbow joint |
front 34 Flexor carpi radialis | back 34 Muscle in the forearm that acts to flex and abduct the hand Function: Providing flexion of the wrist and assisting in abduction of the hand and wrist |
front 35 Extensor digitorum | back 35 Muscle of the posterior forearm present in humans and other animals Function: Extends the phalanges, then the wrist, then the elbows |
front 36 Brachioradialis | back 36 Muscle in the forearm that flexes the forearm at the elbow Function: Bends the elbow |
front 37 Gastrocnemius | back 37 Definition: Largest and most superficial muscle of the calf of the leg that arises by two heads from the condyles of the femur and has its tendon of insertion incorporated as part of the Achilles tendon Function: Plantar flexing the foot at the ankle joint and flexing the leg at the knee joint |
front 38 Calcaneal tendon | back 38 Definition: Large and strong bone that forms the back of the foot and transfers most of the body weight from the lower extremity to the ground Function: Attaches the plantaris, gastrocnemuis and soleus muscles to the calcaneus bone |
front 39 Tibialis anterior | back 39 Definition: Largest of the four muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg Function: Dorsiflexes the foot at the talocrural joint and inverts it at the subtalar joint |
front 40 Peroneus longus | back 40 Definition: Superficial muscle in the lateral compartment of the leg Function: Tilt the sole of the foot away from the midline of the body and extends the foot downward away from the body at the ankle |
front 41 Tensor fasciae latae | back 41 Definition: A muscle of the proximal anterolateral thigh that lies between the superficial and deep fibers of the iliotibial band Function: Assists in the movement and stabilization of both the hip and the knee |
front 42 Pectineus | back 42 Definition: Flat Quadrangular muscle of the upper front and inner aspect of the thigh that arises from the iliopectineal line of the pubis and is inserted along the pectineal line of the femur Function: Aids in flexion and adduction of the thigh at the hip joint |
front 43 Adductor longus | back 43 Definition: A muscle of the medial compartment of the thigh Function: Adduct the thigh at the hip joint |
front 44 Sartorius | back 44 Definition: A long, narrow muscle running obliquely across the front of each thigh from the hip bone to the inside of the leg below the knee Function: Flexion, external rotation and abduction of the leg |
front 45 Vastus Lateralis | back 45 Definition: Unipennate muscle and member of the anterior compartment of the thigh Function: Extend the knee joint, moving the lower leg forward |
front 46 Vastus medialis | back 46 Definition: A muscle present in the anterior compartment of thigh, and is one of the four muscles that make up the quadriceps muscle Function: involved in knee extension |
front 47 Rectus femoris | back 47 Definition: makes up the top layer of your abdominal muscles, commonly referred to as your six-pack Function: Move the body between the ribcage and the pelvis |
front 48 Gluteus maximus | back 48 Definition: The most superficial and largest of the three muscles and makes up the bulk of the shape and form the buttock and hip area Function: Controls flexion of the trunk on the stance-side and to decelerate the swing leg |
front 49 Semitendinosus | back 49 Definition: Long and superficial muscle in the back of the thigh Function: Extend at the hip and flex at the knee |
front 50 Semimembranous | back 50 Definition: the most medial of the three hamstring muscles in the thigh Function: Extends the hip joint, flexes the knee joint, and helps medially rotate the knee |
front 51 Biceps femoris | back 51 Definition: A long muscle in the posterior compartment of the thigh responsible for movement at both the hip and knee joints Function: Movement at both the hip and knee joints |
front 52 Soleus | back 52 Definition: A broad muscle in the lower calf, below the gastrocnemius, that flexes the foot to point the toes downward Function: Act as a skeletal muscle |
front 53 Patellar ligament | back 53 Definition: The central portion of the common tendon of the quadriceps femoris, which is continued from the patella to the tuberosity of the tibia Function: Connects the bottom of your patella to your tibia |
front 54 Extensor digitorum longus | back 54 Definition: Pennate muscle on the lateral part of the front of the leg that extends the four small toes and dorsally flexes and pronates the foot Function: Allows you to extend your toes and dorsiflex your feet |