front 1 A 52 year old female had a surgical procedure in which the breast, lymphatics and underlying muscle were removed. The procedure performed was a | back 1 Radical Mastectomy |
front 2 The condition in which the urethra opens on the dorsal aspect of the penis is known as | back 2 Epispodias |
front 3 The expected treatment of a pregnant woman with hyperemesis gravidarum is | back 3 intravenous therapy |
front 4 Sudden severe testicular pain is indicative of | back 4 Testicular torsion |
front 5 Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding (DUB) is caused by | back 5 Absent or diminished levels of progesterone |
front 6 The most commonly ordered diagnostic test for evaluation of the urinary system is | back 6 Ultrasonography |
front 7 A patient who has difficulty walking without assistance is incontinent of urine when help doesn't get to her quickly enough. The term for this type of incontinence is | back 7 Functional incontinence |
front 8 The HPV vaccine is recommended for 11-12 year old girls, but can be administered to girls as young as ___ years of age | back 8 9 |
front 9 The most common cause of urinary obstruction in male newborns is urethral valves | back 9 True |
front 10 A patient is being treated for acute tubular necrosis (ATN) develops mild polyuria. The nurse responds to questions about why this is occurring by stating. | back 10 "His renal tubules are recovering, so he is making more urine, but he is nor able to concentrate urine well, because he is not fully recovered." |
front 11 Pelvic floor muscle training is appropriate for | back 11 Urge incontinence |
front 12 The microorganism that causes the vast majority of urinary tract infections is | back 12 Escherichia Coli |
front 13 The patient reports persistent pelvic pain in urinary frequency and urgency. She says the pain improves when she empties her bladder. She does not have a fever and her repeated urinalysis over the past months have been normal although she has a history of frequent bladder infections. She also has a history of fibromyalgia and hypothyroidism based on history and complaints. Her symptoms are characteristic of | back 13 Interstitial Cystitis |
front 14 A patient, age 3 has vesicoureteral reflux "why does that make him have so many bladder infections?" asks his mother, the nurses best response is | back 14 "When he urinates, urine runs back toward his kidneys and then into the bladder again making it easy for bacteria to brow is they reach the bladder. |
front 15 The defining characteristic of severe acute kidney injury is | back 15 Oliguria |
front 16 A person is unaware that his bladder is full of urine, but complains that he is leaking urine almost constantly. The most accurate term for this type of incontinence is | back 16 Overflow |
front 17 A progressive decrease in the force of the urinary system, dribbling of urine and difficulty initiating the urinary system are characteristic of | back 17 Prostatic enlargement |
front 18 Activation of parasympathetic nerves to the bladder will cause | back 18 Bladder contractions |
front 19 The most likely cause of acidosis in a patient with end stage renal disease is | back 19 Insufficient metabolic acid excretion resulting from nephron loss |
front 20 A patient injured severely in a motor vehicle accident is hospitalized with acute kidney injury as well as multiple broken bones and lacerations. When family members ask wheat is meant by the term pre renal the nurse responds | back 20 "Your husbands kidney injury did not start in the kidney itself but rather in the blood flow to the kidney" |
front 21 Cervical cancer can be detected in the early curable stage by the ___ test | back 21 Papanicolau |
front 22 Sexual impotence is rarely because of | back 22 Primary causes |
front 23 Which intervention has been found to retard the advancement of chronic kidney disease? | back 23 ACE inhibitors |
front 24 The most common agent resulting in nephrotoxicity and subsequent acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in hospitalized patients is | back 24 Contrast media |
front 25 A patient who reported a very painful 3 weeks ago is now diagnosed with acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis when asked "Why is my urine the color of coffee? The nurse responds | back 25 "Your immune system was activated by your sore throat and has caused some damage in your kidneys that allows red blood cells to leak into the fluid that becomes urine and makes it coffee colored |
front 26 Which condition is caused by a genetic defect | back 26 Polycystic kidney disease |
front 27 The urea splitting bacteria contribute to the formation of ___ kidney stones | back 27 Struvite |
front 28 Nephrotic syndrome involves loss of large amounts of ___ in the urine | back 28 Protein |
front 29 At his most recent clinic visit a patient with end stage renal disease is noted to have edema, congestive signs in the pulmonary system, and a pericardial friction rub. Appropriate therapy at this time would include | back 29 Initiation of dialysis |
front 30 The main clinical manifestation of a kidney stone obstructing the ureter is | back 30 renal colic |
front 31 The most common cause of intrinsic kidney injury is ___ injury | back 31 Tubular |
front 32 A patient with renal disease is at risk for developing uremia as the nephrons progressively deteriorate because | back 32 GFR declines |
front 33 In patients with polycystic kidney disease renal failure is expected to progress over time as the cystic process destroys more nephrons. At what point will a patient reach end stage renal disease | back 33 Greater than 90% nephron loss |
front 34 What problem is a patient likely to experience in end stage renal disease | back 34 Uremia |
front 35 The patient most at risk for post renal acute kidney injury is | back 35 elderly patient with hypertrophy of the prostate |
front 36 Scrotal pain in males and labial pain in females may accompany renal pain as a result of | back 36 Associated dermatomes |
front 37 Osteoporosis commonly occurs in patient with ens stage renal disease because of | back 37 Hyperparathyroidism |
front 38 Nephrotic syndrome does not usually cause | back 38 Hematuria |
front 39 A primary laboratory finding in end stage renal disease is | back 39 Increased serum creatnine |
front 40 The major underlying factor leading to the edema associated with glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome is | back 40 Proteinuria |
front 41 Individuals with end-stage chronic renal disease are at risk for renal osteodystrophy and spontaneous bone fractures, because | back 41 They are deficient in active vitamin D |
front 42 Glomerular disorders include | back 42 Nephrotic syndrome |
front 43 A person with acute pyelonephritis would most typically experience | back 43 Fever |
front 44 The normal post void residual urine in the bladder is | back 44 Less than 100 mL |
front 45 A 32-year-old female complaining of severe pain with menstruation | back 45 Dysmenorrhea |
front 46 Infection by ____ accounts for nearly half of all reported cases of vulvovaginitis | back 46 Candida albicans |
front 47 Endometriosis is a condition in which | back 47 Ectopic, endometrial tissue is present |
front 48 Treatment of uterine prolapse may involve the insertion of a ___to hold the uterus in place | back 48 Pessary |
front 49 The patient reports persistent pelvic pain and urinary frequency and urgency. She says the pain improves when she empties her bladder. She does not have a fever and her repeated urinalysis over the past months have been normal although she has a history of frequent bladder infections. She also has a history of fibromyalgia and hypothyroidism based on her history and complains her symptoms are characteristics of. | back 49 Interstitial cystitis |
front 50 What reproductive tract disorder is most likely to be associated with urinary stress incontinence? | back 50 Cystocele |
front 51 Anemia and people who have end-stage chronic renal disease is caused by | back 51 Decreased secretion of erythropoietin |
front 52 A patient diagnosed with a micropenis must be evaluated for | back 52 Endocrine disorders |
front 53 The prognosis of penile carcinoma depends upon the stage of the disease | back 53 True |
front 54 The most common types of uterine tumors are known as | back 54 Leiomyomas |
front 55 A patient being treated for acute tubular, necrosis develops. Mild polyuria the nurse response to questions about why this is occurring by stating. | back 55 His renal tubes are recovering, so he is making more urine, but he is not able to concentrate the urine because he is not fully recovered |
front 56 The greatest risk for bladder cancer is | back 56 Smoking |
front 57 Detrusor muscle overactivity can be improved by administration of | back 57 Botulinum toxin |
front 58 The most common cause of urinary obstruction in male newborns and infants is urethral valves | back 58 False |
front 59 The difference between stress, incontinence and urge incontinence. Is that stress incontinence | back 59 is caused by a pelvic floor muscle problem whereas urge incontinence is caused by a problem with detrusor muscle |
front 60 The direct cause of stress incontinence is | back 60 Pelvic muscle weakness |
front 61 Infection can lead to bladder stone formation | back 61 True |
front 62 Hypotension is both a cause of chronic kidney disease and a result of chronic kidney disease | back 62 False |
front 63 The type of glomerulonephritis, which is most likely to result in a swift decline in renal function, that then progresses to acute kidney injury, is | back 63 Cresentic glomerulonephritis |
front 64 The infection frequently associated with development of post infectious, acute glomerulonephritis is | back 64 Throat infection |
front 65 The major underlying factor leading to the Adema associated with glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome is | back 65 Proteinuria |
front 66 Individuals with end-stage chronic renal disease are at risk for renal osteodystrophy and spontaneous bone fractures, because | back 66 They are deficient in active vitamin D |
front 67 Appropriate management of end-stage renal disease includes | back 67 Erythropoietin administration |
front 68 One cause of an extrinsic renal system obstruction is | back 68 Pelvic tumor |
front 69 The most common type of renal stone is | back 69 Calcium |
front 70 Pathophysiologic basis of acute glomerulonephritis is | back 70 An immune complex reaction |
front 71 A common component of renal calculi is | back 71 Calcium |
front 72 Urinary retention with a consistent or intermittent dribbling of urine is called | back 72 Overflow incontinence |
front 73 A patient with gouty arthritis develops, renal calculi. The composition of these calculi is most likely to be. | back 73 Uric acid crystals |
front 74 In addition to E. coli, a risk factor for development of pyelonephritis is | back 74 Urinary retention and reflux |
front 75 Nephrotic syndrome does not usually cause | back 75 Hematuria |
front 76 One of the most frequent causes of chronic kidney disease is | back 76 Hypertension |
front 77 Glomerular disorders include | back 77 Nephrotic syndrome |
front 78 The consequence of an upper urinary tract obstruction in a single ureter is | back 78 Hydro nephrosis |
front 79 The condition associated with end-stage, chronic renal disease that is most immediately life-threatening is | back 79 Hyperkalemia |
front 80 The organism most commonly associated with acute pyelonephritis is | back 80 Escherichia Coli |
front 81 Calcium oxylate stone formation is facilitated by | back 81 Hypercalciuria |
front 82 Which intervention has been found to retard the advancement of chronic kidney disease | back 82 Ace inhibitors |
front 83 The most common cause of ischemic, acute tubular necrosis in the US is | back 83 Sepsis |
front 84 One of the most causes of acute tubular necrosis is | back 84 Ischemic conditions |
front 85 Post renal, acute kidney injury may be caused by | back 85 Bilateral kidney stones |
front 86 The most common direct cause of acute pyelonephritis is | back 86 Infection by E. coli |
front 87 At his most recent clinic visit, a patient with end-stage renal disease is noted to have edema congestive signs in the pulmonary system, and a pericardial friction rub appropriate therapy at this time would include | back 87 Initiation of dialysis |
front 88 The majority of penile cancer cases are classified as basal cell carcinoma | back 88 False it’s squamous cell carcinoma |
front 89 Phimosis is a disorder of the penis characterized by | back 89 Inability to retract the foreskin |
front 90 Absence of menstruation is called | back 90 Amenorrhea |
front 91 A breast lump that is painless, hard, and unmoving is | back 91 Carcinoma |
front 92 A change occurring in a pregnant woman that is indicated of a potential disorder is | back 92 Increased urine protein |
front 93 A patient has ureteral the manifestation that requires immediate notification of the physician is | back 93 Chills and fever |
front 94 A ureterocele is | back 94 A cystic dilation of a ureter |
front 95 A potential risk factor for cancer includes | back 95 Early menarche and late first pregnancy |
front 96 Prerenal, acute kidney injury may be caused by | back 96 Severe hypotension |
front 97 Gastrointestinal damage perioperative, and Posto Perative hypotension and hemorrhage me all contribute to renal failure by causing | back 97 Acute tubular necrosis |
front 98 The most common sign or symptom of renal calculi is | back 98 Pain |
front 99 The risk for contrast media induced acute tubular in a crisis is highest in | back 99 A 70 year old patient with heart failure |
front 100 The affect on renal tubules during the post oliguric phase of acute tubular necrosis involves | back 100 Regeneration of the renal tubular epithelium |
front 101 The oliguric phase of acute tubular necrosis is characterized by | back 101 Fluid excess and electrolyte imbalance |
front 102 the individual at highest risk of pyelonephritis, who requires monitoring for signs of its occurrence is | back 102 A man who has chronic UTIs |
front 103 It is true that polycystic kidney disease is | back 103 Genetically transmitted |
front 104 Renal insufficiency occurs when ___of the nephron’s are not functional | back 104 75% to 90% |
front 105 The condition characterized by oliguria, and hematuria is | back 105 Acute glomerulonephritis |
front 106 What problem is a patient likely to experience in end stage renal disease | back 106 Uremia |
front 107 Appropriate therapy for pre-renal kidney injury includes | back 107 Fluid administration |
front 108 The most helpful laboratory value in monitoring the progression of declining renal function is | back 108 Serum, creatinine |