front 1 Which function of the skeletal system would be especially important if you were in a car accident? | back 1 protection of internal organs |
front 2 Bone tissue can be described as ________. | back 2 dense, hard connective tissue |
front 3 Without red marrow, bones would not be able to ________. | back 3 make blood cells |
front 4 Yellow marrow has been identified as ________. | back 4 an area of fat storage |
front 5 Which of the following can be found in areas of movement? | back 5 cartilage |
front 6 The skeletal system is made of ________. | back 6 bones and cartilage |
front 7 Most of the bones of the arms and hands are long bones; however, the bones in the wrist are categorized as ________. | back 7 short bones |
front 8 Sesamoid bones are found embedded in ________. | back 8 tendons |
front 9 Bones that surround the spinal cord are classified as ________ bones. | back 9 irregular |
front 10 Which category of bone is among the most numerous in the skeleton? | back 10 long bone |
front 11 Long bones enable body movement by acting as a ________. | back 11 lever |
front 12 Which of the following occurs in the spongy bone of the epiphysis? | back 12 hematopoiesis |
front 13 The diaphysis contains ________. | back 13 compact bone |
front 14 The fibrous membrane covering the outer surface of the bone is the ________. | back 14 periosteum |
front 15 Which of the following are incapable of undergoing mitosis | back 15 osteoblasts and osteocytes |
front 16 Which cells do not originate from osteogenic cells? | back 16 osteoclasts |
front 17 Which of the following are found in compact bone and cancellous bone? | back 17 lamellae |
front 18 Which of the following are only found in cancellous bone? | back 18 trabeculae |
front 19 The area of a bone where the nutrient foramen passes forms what kind of bone marking? | back 19 a hole |
front 20 Why is cartilage slow to heal? | back 20 because it does not have a blood supply |
front 21 Why are osteocytes spread out in bone tissue? | back 21 They are surrounded by osteoid. |
front 22 In endochondral ossification, what happens to the chondrocytes? | back 22 They die in the calcified matrix that surrounds them and form the medullary cavity. |
front 23 Which of the following bones is (are) formed by intramembranous ossification? | back 23 the flat bones of the cranium |
front 24 Bones grow in length due to activity in the ________. | back 24 epiphyseal plate |
front 25 Bones grow in diameter due to bone formation ________. | back 25 beneath the periosteum |
front 26 Which of the following represents the correct sequence of zones in the epiphyseal plate? | back 26 calcification, maturation, proliferation, reserved |
front 27 A fracture can be both ________. | back 27 open and transverse |
front 28 How can a fractured diaphysis release fat globules into the bloodstream? | back 28 The yellow marrow in the diaphysis is exposed and damaged. |
front 29 In a compound fracture, ________. | back 29 broken bone pierces the skin |
front 30 The internal and external calli are replaced by ________. | back 30 trabecular bone |
front 31 The first type of bone to form during fracture repair is ________ bone. | back 31 spongy |
front 32 Calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine if ________ is lacking. | back 32 vitamin D |
front 33 Which of the following hormones are responsible for the adolescent growth spurt? | back 33 estrogen and testosterone |
front 34 All of the following play a role in calcium homeostasis except | back 34 thyroxine |
front 35 Which of the following is most likely to be released when blood calcium levels are elevated? | back 35 calcitonin |
front 36 Striations, cylindrical cells, and multiple nuclei are observed in ________. | back 36 Skeletal muscle only |
front 37 The cells of muscles, myocytes, develop from ________. | back 37 Myoblasts |
front 38 Skeletal muscle cells require a great amount of energy. Which organelles do you expect to find in abundance in skeletal muscle cell? | back 38 mitochondria |
front 39 Which of the following is not important in preventing backflow of blood? | back 39 endocardium |
front 40 Which valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle? | back 40 mitral |
front 41 Which of the following lists the valves in the order through which the blood flows from the vena cava through the heart? | back 41 tricuspid, pulmonary semilunar, bicuspid, aortic, semilunar |
front 42 Which chamber initially receives blood from the systemic circuit? | back 42 right atrium |
front 43 Which portion of the ECG corresponds to repolarization of the atria? | back 43 none of the above: atrial repolarization is masked by ventricular depolarization |
front 44 Ventricular relaxation immediately follows ________. | back 44 ventricular repolarization |
front 45 Most blood enters the ventricle during ________. | back 45 atrial diastole |
front 46 The first heart sound represents which portion of the cardiac cycle? | back 46 closing of the atrioventricular valves |
front 47 The cardiovascular centers are located in which area of the brain? | back 47 medulla oblongata |
front 48 Which of the following statements about blood is true? | back 48 Blood is slightly more viscous than water |
front 49 Which of the following statements about albumin is true? | back 49 it is the most abundant plasma protein |
front 50 Which of the following statements about erythropoietin is true? | back 50 It facilitates the proliferation and differentiation of the erythrocyte lineage. |
front 51 Which of the following statements about mature, circulating erythrocytes is true? | back 51 the have no nucleus |
front 52 A molecule of hemoglobin ________. | back 52 consists of four globin proteins, each bound to a molecule of heme |
front 53 Which of the following describes a neutrophil? | back 53 abundant, granular, especially effective against bacteria |
front 54 A patient has been experiencing severe, persistent allergy symptoms that are reduced when she takes an antihistamine. Before the treatment, this patient was likely to have had increased activity of which leukocyte? | back 54 basophils |
front 55 T and B lymphocytes ________. | back 55 are involved with specific immune function |
front 56 The first step in hemostasis is ________. | back 56 vascular spasm |
front 57 Prothrombin is converted to thrombin during the ________. | back 57 common pathway |
front 58 What is the function of the conchae in the nasal cavity? | back 58 increase surface area |
front 59 Which of the following are structural features of the trachea? | back 59 C-shaped cartilage |
front 60 Which of the following structures is not part of the bronchial tree? | back 60 terminal bronchioles |
front 61 The pleura that surrounds the lungs consists of two layers, the ________. | back 61 visceral and parietal pleurae. |
front 62 Which of the following processes does atmospheric pressure play a role in? | back 62 pulmonary ventilation |
front 63 A decrease in volume leads to a(n) ________ pressure. | back 63 increase in |
front 64 The pressure difference between the intra-alveolar and intrapleural pressures is called ________. | back 64 transpulmonary pressure |
front 65 Contraction of the external intercostal muscles causes which of the following to occur? | back 65 The ribs and sternum move upward. |
front 66 Which of the following prevents the alveoli from collapsing? | back 66 residual volume |
front 67 Gas moves from an area of ________ partial pressure to an area of ________ partial pressure. | back 67 high; low |
front 68 When ventilation is not sufficient, which of the following occurs? | back 68 The capillary constricts. |
front 69 Gas exchange that occurs at the level of the tissues is called ________. | back 69 internal respiration |
front 70 The partial pressure of carbon dioxide is 45 mm Hg in the blood and 40 mm Hg in the alveoli. What happens to the carbon dioxide? | back 70 It diffuses into the alveoli. |
front 71 A low partial pressure of oxygen promotes hemoglobin binding to carbon dioxide. This is an example of the ________. | back 71 Haldane effect |
front 72 Binding of oxygen to hemoglobin depends on: | back 72 ph, temperature, and presence of other oxygen molecules on hemoglobin |
front 73 Which of the following forms of carbon dioxide transport would NOT be found in plasma? | back 73 carbaminohemoglobin |
front 74 Hyperventilation leads to abnormally: | back 74 low levels of carbon dioxide |
front 75 The papillary layer of the dermis is most closely associated with which layer of the epidermis? | back 75 stratum basale |
front 76 Langerhans cells are commonly found in the ________. | back 76 stratum spinosum |
front 77 The papillary and reticular layers of the dermis are composed mainly of ________. | back 77
|
front 78 Collagen lends ________ to the skin. | back 78 structure |
front 79 Which of the following is not a function of the hypodermis? | back 79 source of blood vessels in the epidermis |
front 80 In response to stimuli from the sympathetic nervous system, the arrector pili ________. | back 80 are responsible for goose bumps |
front 81 The hair matrix contains ________. | back 81 a layer of basal cells |
front 82 Eccrine sweat glands ________. | back 82 are present in the skin throughout the body and produce watery sweat |
front 83 Sebaceous glands ________. | back 83 are associated with hair follicles |
front 84 Similar to the hair, nails grow continuously throughout our lives. Which of the following is furthest from the nail growth center? | back 84 hyponychium |
front 85 In humans, exposure of the skin to sunlight is required for ________. | back 85 vitamin D synthesis |
front 86 One of the functions of the integumentary system is protection. Which of the following does not directly contribute to that function? | back 86 folic acid synthesis |
front 87 An individual using a sharp knife notices a small amount of blood where he just cut himself. Which of the following layers of skin did he have to cut into in order to bleed? | back 87 papillary dermis |
front 88 As you are walking down the beach, you see a dead, dry, shriveled-up fish. Which layer of your epidermis keeps you from drying out? | back 88 stratum corneum |
front 89 If you cut yourself and bacteria enter the wound, which of the following cells would help get rid of the bacteria? | back 89 Langerhans cells |
front 90 In general, skin cancers ________. | back 90 can be reduced by limiting exposure to the sun |
front 91 Bedsores ________. | back 91 are preventable by eliminating pressure points |
front 92 An individual has spent too much time sun bathing. Not only is his skin painful to touch, but small blisters have appeared in the affected area. This indicates that he has damaged which layers of his skin? | back 92 epidermis only |
front 93 After a skin injury, the body initiates a wound-healing response. The first step of this response is the formation of a blood clot to stop bleeding. Which of the following would be the next response? | back 93 increased production of connective tissue |
front 94 Squamous cell carcinomas are the second most common of the skin cancers and are capable of metastasizing if not treated. This cancer affects which cells? | back 94 keratinocytes of the stratum spinosum |