front 1 The study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts and their relationships to one another is called | back 1 anatomy |
front 2 Which system is most dependent on a normal atmospheric pressure? | back 2 respiratory system |
front 3 Which of these body parts is distal to the crural region | back 3 tarsal region |
front 4 Physical trauma to a body organ is known as blunt trauma. Organs in which body cavity account for most blunt trauma injuries? | back 4 abdominal cavity |
front 5 Which of these terms refers to a body area found on the dorsal surface? | back 5 popliteal |
front 6 Which of these planes would show the heart, lungs, and liver in the same section? | back 6 frontal (coronal) plane |
front 7 What cavity is superior to the diaphragm? | back 7 thoracic |
front 8 Which of these carries out the commands of a homeostatic control center? | back 8 effector |
front 9 Which of these describes the effect of a negative feedback mechanism? | back 9 reduces the intensity of the initial stimulus |
front 10 Anatomical Position | back 10 Standing erect, palms facing anterior, feet slightly apart, anterior body view, thumbs lateral. |
front 11 not anatomical position | back 11 sitting down, posterior body view, palms facing posterior, thumbs medial, feet together |
front 12 Which of these is an example of physiology | back 12 The liver produces many of the blood proteins |
front 13 What organ system is responsible for breaking down food into molecules that can be absorbed by the body? | back 13 digestive system |
front 14 Which of these is an organ of the urinary system | back 14 kidney |
front 15 Which of the following levels of organization is inclusive of all others? | back 15 organ system level |
front 16 Melanin is a protein pigment that protects us from ultraviolet radiation. What level of structural organization is the classification of melanin? | back 16 chemical level |
front 17 What necessary function does muscle contraction contribute to the human body? | back 17 movement |
front 18 The right and left iliac (inguinal) regions are lateral to the ________ region. | back 18 hypogastric (pubic) |
front 19 Which of the following is visible when viewing the anterior of a human body in anatomical position? | back 19 patellar region |
front 20 What are the two components of the first and simplest level of organization? | back 20 Atoms and molecules |
front 21 What is the smallest unit of life? | back 21 Cells. |
front 22 Select the correct order of the levels of organization in the body, from the most simple to the most complex levels: | back 22 Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system |
front 23 Select the options that correctly define and exemplify a tissue: | back 23 Cardiac muscle is an example of a tissue.A tissue is made of thousands of similar cells with common functions. |
front 24 The thoracic cavity is separated from the abdominopelvic cavity by the diaphragm. | back 24 True |
front 25 A patient in the emergency department complains of pain in her right upper quadrant (RUQ). What organ is least likely to be the cause for her pain? | back 25 Urinary bladder |
front 26 The surgeon created an opening in the chest during surgery. The incision was made along a plane that equally separated the right and left halves of the thoracic cavity. This section is known as a(n) | back 26 median (midsagittal) section |
front 27 In reference to the relationship between the patellar and popliteal regions, which of the following statements is correct? | back 27 The patellar region is anterior to the popliteal region. |
front 28 A body part that is considered lateral is assumed to be | back 28 away from the midline of the body |
front 29 Ventral is a directional term synonymous with ________ in humans. | back 29 anterior |
front 30 Which of these regions is distal to the antebrachial region? | back 30 carpal region |
front 31 Which organ system is the slow-acting control system of the body? | back 31 endocrine system |
front 32 What are two organ systems that are involved in the excretion of wastes from the body? | back 32 digestive and urinary |
front 33 Glands of the nervous system release chemicals called hormones into the blood. | back 33 False |
front 34 A young child sustained a baseball hit to his cranial cavity. Which bones were fractured? | back 34 Skull |
front 35 Which of these internal body cavities is the most inferior | back 35 Pelvic cavity |
front 36 The orbital cavities house the | back 36 eyes |
front 37 The lungs and heart are situated in the ________ body cavity | back 37 thoracic |
front 38 The dorsal body cavity houses the | back 38 spinal cord and brain |
front 39 Transverse or cross sections divide the body into anterior and posterior parts. | back 39 False |
front 40 What is the overall effect of a negative feedback mechanism? | back 40 reduces or stops the initial stimulus |
front 41 Which of the following is an example of a homeostatic imbalance? | back 41 being sick with the flu |
front 42 The navel is located in the ________ region of the abdominopelvic cavity. | back 42 umbilical |
front 43 There is no physical structure that separates the abdominal cavity from the pelvic cavity. | back 43 True |
front 44 In anatomical position, a person is assumed to be standing erect. | back 44 True |
front 45 inter | back 45 means "within" "inside" or "between" |
front 46 Endo | back 46 "within |
front 47 Centr | back 47 center |
front 48 exo | back 48 outside |
front 49 cyto | back 49 cell |
front 50 The process of bringing something into a cell is called | back 50 endocytosis |
front 51 The button-like structure that holds homologous chromosomes together at their middles during cell division is called the | back 51 centromere |
front 52 The process of sending something outside of a cell is called | back 52 exocytosis |
front 53 The cellular material between the cell membrane and the nucleus is called | back 53 cytoplasm |
front 54 The stage of the cellular lifecycle between divisions is called | back 54 interphase |
front 55 The cells in our bodies are made up primarily of which four elements | back 55 carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen |
front 56 Which organelle synthesizes proteins that are used in the cytoplasm | back 56 ribosomes that are free within the cytoplasm |
front 57 What part of the plasma membrane is hydrophobic? | back 57 phospholipid "tails |
front 58 Which of these organelles is responsible for forming secretory vesicles | back 58 Golgi apparatus |
front 59 Rheumatoid arthritis is a disease in which acid hydrolase enzymes escape from leaky cellular organelles, causing pain and a burning sensation in joints. The leaky organelles from which these acid hydrolase enzymes escape are the __________. | back 59 lysosomes |
front 60 The final processing of proteins "tagged" for secretion occurs in which cellular organelle? | back 60 Golgi apparatus |
front 61 Part completeWhich of the following is the main component of the cell membrane | back 61 phospholipids |
front 62 Which of the following is a characteristic of the cell membrane | back 62 semipermeable |
front 63 Which of the following is not a major function of proteins in the cell membrane | back 63 forming the entire glycocalyx |
front 64 What part of a cell membrane is usually in contact with the interstitial fluid | back 64 phosphate heads of phospholipids |
front 65 A primary active transport process is one in which __________. | back 65 molecules move through transport proteins that have been activated by ATP |
front 66 Some transport processes use transport proteins in the plasma membrane, but do not require ATP. This type of transport is known as | back 66 facilitated diffusion |
front 67 The majority of water molecules moving across plasma membranes by osmosis do so via a process that is most similar to | back 67 facilitated diffusion |
front 68 The sodium-potassium pump uses ATP to move sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. This statement describes _____. | back 68 primary active transport |
front 69 A vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane and releases its contents to the extracellular fluid. This statement describes | back 69 exocytosis |
front 70 During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA duplication, or replication, take place | back 70 Interphase |
front 71 When a double helix of DNA is replicated, two complete helices are formed. Together, these helices are called sister | back 71 chromatids |
front 72 During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids line up at the center of the cell | back 72 Metaphase |
front 73 During which phase of mitosis do the sister chromatids move apart | back 73 Anaphase |
front 74 During which phase of mitosis do nuclear envelopes and the nucleoli reappear | back 74 Telophase |
front 75 During which phase of mitosis do the nuclear envelope and nucleoli disappear? | back 75 Prophase |
front 76 What is the name of the process by which the cytoplasm divides in two | back 76 Cytokinesis |
front 77 Which of the following best explains diffusion? | back 77 movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
front 78 Which of the following is most likely to move through the cell membrane by facilitated diffusion | back 78 Na+ |
front 79 What is the basic difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion across a cell membrane? | back 79 In facilitated diffusion, molecules only move with the aid of a protein in the membrane. |
front 80 Which of the following is least likely to increase the rate of diffusion? | back 80 small concentration gradient |
front 81 Which of the following is not required for osmosis to occur? | back 81 cellular energy |
front 82 Which of the following solutions contains the most solute | back 82 hypertonic |
front 83 In general, to maintain homeostasis the relationship between our intracellular and extracellular fluids should be which of the following? | back 83 isotonic to each other |
front 84 If a person is severely dehydrated, their extracellular fluids will become hypertonic to the intracellular fluid. What do you predict will happen to the person’s cells? | back 84 The cells will lose water and shrink |
front 85 Which of the following lists, in correct order, the phases of interphase? | back 85 G1, S, and G2 |
front 86 Which of the following lists, in correct order, the phases of mitosis? | back 86 prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase |
front 87 During which of the following phases does DNA replication occur? | back 87 Synthesis |
front 88 During which of the following phases does chromatin condense and become chromosomes | back 88 prophase |
front 89 A large amount of extracellular material is a characteristic of which type of tissue | back 89 connective tissue |
front 90 Which type of muscle is characterized by the presence of striations and intercalated discs? | back 90 cardiac muscle |
front 91 What is the significance of granulation tissue | back 91 It formed during tissue repair. |
front 92 What type of tissue has cells that are tightly packed, sits on a basement membrane, is avascular, and is easily regenerated | back 92 epithelium |
front 93 Describe the process of tissue repair, Phase 1: | back 93 inflammation, permeable capillaries bring in " repair" chemicals, clot forms and area is walled off |
front 94 Describe the process of tissue repair, Phase 2: | back 94 Granulation, delicate pink tissue fills in the damaged area |
front 95 Describe the process of tissue repair, Phase 3 | back 95 Regeneration and fibrosis, formation of function tissue occurs |
front 96 What happens when body cells are placed in a hypertonic solution? | back 96 Water leaves the cells and the cells shrink. |
front 97 What process permits absorption of glucose into cells | back 97 facilitated diffusion |
front 98 What transport process can create a concentration gradient for sodium across the plasma membrane | back 98 active transport |
front 99 In which cell stage does DNA replicate | back 99 interphase |
front 100 Which of the following molecules brings the appropriate amino acid to the ribosome during protein synthesis | back 100 transfer RNA |
front 101 What process does water use to move across the plasma membrane? | back 101 osmosis |
front 102 What process does a cell use to make an RNA copy of a segment of DNA? | back 102 transcription |
front 103 Sometimes an abnormal cell mass can develop in the human body. It can take control of the cell cycle, and cell division can malfunction. Which of the following does NOT describe all neoplasms? | back 103 cancer |
front 104 Some neoplasms are benign while others are malignant. Which of the following descriptions is true for a malignant neoplasm? | back 104 may become a killer due to relentless growth |
front 105 Which type of tissue is NOT readily repaired if damaged? | back 105 tissues whose mature cells are amitotic |
front 106 Which of the following statements is a component of the cell theory? | back 106 A cell is the smallest living unit |
front 107 What are the three main parts of a generalized cell | back 107 Plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm |
front 108 Identify the best description of the arrangement of the plasma membrane phospholipid layers. | back 108 The hydrophobic parts of the phospholipids line up in the interior of the membrane and hydrophilic parts are exposed on the inner and outer surfaces of the membrane |
front 109 Which represents a correct function of plasma membrane proteins? | back 109 Transport. |
front 110 Rough ER | back 110 protein synthesis. |
front 111 People with asthma produce too much mucus, which can block the airways. What type of cell associated with the epithelium of the respiratory tract is responsible for making mucus? | back 111 Goblet cell |
front 112 hallmark feature of epithelial tissues? | back 112 have an apical surface, basement membrane, cover body surfaces both inside and outside |
front 113 Groups of cells that are similar in both structure and function are known as | back 113 tissues |
front 114 The specific type of epithelial tissue found lining organs of the digestive system such as the small intestine is | back 114 simple columnar |
front 115 A tissue constructed of a single layer of flattened cells is known as | back 115 simple squamous epithelium |
front 116 Which type of tissue is situated in the lining of the urinary bladder and urethra where stretching occurs | back 116 transitional epithelium |
front 117 The type of tissue that functions to protect, support, insulate, and cushion together body tissues are classified as | back 117 connective tissues |
front 118 Tendons and ligaments are classified as | back 118 dense connective (regular fibrous) tissue |
front 119 connective tissue is commonly called fat | back 119 Adipose |
front 120 Which of the following is not classified as a connective tissue | back 120 Skeletal muscle |
front 121 The major cell type of cartilage is the | back 121 chondrocyte |
front 122 What forms the hard matrix of osseous tissue (bone)? | back 122 Calcium salts |
front 123 Identify the type of connective tissue that is found in lymph nodes, the spleen, and bone marrow. | back 123 reticular connective tissue |
front 124 The matrix of hyaline cartilage consists of abundant collagen fibers hidden in a rubbery matrix. | back 124 True |
front 125 What characteristic is shared by both cardiac and smooth muscle tissue? | back 125 involuntary contractions |
front 126 The type of muscle found in the walls of hollow organs, such as the stomach, and in the walls of blood vessels is | back 126 smooth muscle |
front 127 Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle cells are cells that move organs and body parts. | back 127 True |
front 128 Which type of tissue is insulated, supported, and protected by neuroglia? | back 128 Nervous tissue |
front 129 Irritability and conductivity are the two major functional characteristics of | back 129 nervous tissue |
front 130 Which of the following tissues is constructed of many collagen fibers | back 130 scar tissue |
front 131 Which type of tissue is most likely to repair itself if injured? | back 131 epithelial tissue |
front 132 What is the first stage to occur during tissue repair (wound healing) | back 132 inflammation |
front 133 nuc | back 133 center |
front 134 poly | back 134 many |
front 135 hydr | back 135 water |
front 136 phil | back 136 attraction or loving |
front 137 phob | back 137 fear or sensitivity to something |
front 138 In a cell membrane, the polar heads of phospholipids are in contact with water-based solutions, meaning they are | back 138 hydrophilic |
front 139 The central organelle of a cell is called the | back 139 nucleus |
front 140 Many chemical reactions, called______ synthesis reactions, occur by removing water. | back 140 dehydration |
front 141 In a cell membrane, the fatty acid tails of phospholipids are hidden inside the membrane away from water, meaning they are | back 141 hydrophobic |
front 142 While a dipeptide has two amino acids, a_____ has many | back 142 polypeptide |
front 143 Which of these is an example of kinetic energy? | back 143 skeletal muscles contracting as a person lifts weights |
front 144 Which statement best describes energy? | back 144 it does not have mass or occupy space. |
front 145 All matter consists of elements. The greatest part of living matter is organized using only four elements. Which of the following elements does NOT make up the bulk of living matter? | back 145 iron |
front 146 What is the number of neutrons in an atom with atomic mass of 35, three energy levels, and 7 valence electrons? | back 146 18 |
front 147 What subatomic particle or particles have a mass of 1, a charge of +1, and are located in the nucleus of an atom | back 147 proton |
front 148 Which of these statements best describes an element? | back 148 An element is composed of identical atoms. |
front 149 What is the most accurate description of C6H12O6? | back 149 C6H12O6 is a compound. |
front 150 Choose the best description for the term molecule. | back 150 two or more atoms combined chemically |
front 151 A compound is defined as | back 151 a molecule composed of two or more elements |
front 152 If an atom has 10 electrons in its valence shell, how will it interact with atoms of a different element | back 152 It will give away 2 valence electrons to other atoms. |
front 153 What is an ion | back 153 an atom that has either gained or lost electron(s |
front 154 When an ionic bond forms, which part(s) of the atoms are directly involved? | back 154 the outermost electrons |
front 155 How do ions form ionic bonds | back 155 Ions of opposite electrical charges are attracted to each other to balance the charges. |
front 156 Calcium’s atomic number is 20. It forms ions with 18 electrons. What is the electrical charge of a calcium ion? | back 156 +2 |
front 157 In a covalent bond | back 157 Atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. |
front 158 Covalent bonds | back 158 involve the sharing of one to three pairs of electrons. |
front 159 Which of the following is true of polar covalent bonds | back 159 The electrons are shared unequally |
front 160 A molecule of water (H2O) is formed by what type of bond? | back 160 polar covalent bonds |
front 161 What organic molecule provides an immediate source of chemical energy within all cells? | back 161 adenosine triphosphate |
front 162 Which nitrogen-containing base is found only in RNA? | back 162 uracil |
front 163 What occurs when acid is added to a solution with a pH of 7? | back 163 The pH drops below 7 |
front 164 What is the main type of lipid found in cellular membranes | back 164 phospholipids |
front 165 carbohydrates | back 165 commonly used source of energy with the ratio 1 carbon, 2 hydrogen, 1 oxygen |
front 166 lipids | back 166 not soluble in water, make up the majority of cell membrane structure, concentrated source of usable energy made up of hydrocarbon chains or rings |
front 167 proteins | back 167 structural and biological catalyst macromolecules of amino acids with various functions, has different levels of folding |
front 168 nucleic acids | back 168 genetic information comprising a sugar-phosphate backbone and complementary base pairing. ATP is a modified version |
front 169 triglycerides | back 169 at least one fatty acid chain. Fatty acid chains can be saturated with hydrogens or unsaturated, 3 fatty acids attached to one glycerol molecule |
front 170 phospholipids | back 170 charged "head" region with an uncharged "tail" region, bilayer forms selectively permeable cell membrane, fats that contain phosphate groups |
front 171 steroids | back 171 composed of 4 interlocking carbon rings, most physiologically important example is cholesterol, fats that are the basis for some hormones, |
front 172 Guanine always pairs with | back 172 cytosine |
front 173 Besides replicating before cell division, the other fundamental role of DNA is | back 173 instructions to make protein |
front 174 The sugar in DNA is ________, while the sugar in RNA is ________. | back 174 deoxyribose , ribose |
front 175 n DNA, adenine pairs with ________but in RNA, adenine pairs with ___________. | back 175 Thymine, uracil |
front 176 ATP is a modified nucleotide used for cellular energy that contains the sugar | back 176 ribose |
front 177 What is/are the product(s) of a dehydration synthesis reaction that occurs between two subunits of a polymer | back 177 Two combined monomers and a water molecule |
front 178 Select the options that are examples of disaccharides | back 178 Maltose, sucrose |
front 179 Select the correct statement about proteins: | back 179 A protein is denatured when it loses its shape and is no longer functional. |
front 180 The most abundant lipids in the body are triglycerides, phospholipids, and steroids. | back 180 Lipids are made mostly of carbon and hydrogen with a small amount of oxygen. |
front 181 Which option contains the correct base pairing for building an RNA and DNA molecule? | back 181 DNA: A-T, C-G and RNA: A-U, C-G |
front 182 In which category of organic molecules would you place compounds that catalyze chemical reactions? | back 182 proteins |
front 183 The pH scale is based on | back 183 hydrogen ion concentration in solution |
front 184 The brain and spinal cord are surrounded by water in cerebrospinal fluid. What purpose do you think this fluid serves in protecting these organs? | back 184 Cushioning |
front 185 Blood is considered a weak base. Select the pH that best represents blood | back 185 pH 7.4 |
front 186 Enzymes are | back 186 biological catalysts |
front 187 Keratin is a protein that provide toughness to skin and forms hair and nails. Due to its role in the body, it is best classified as | back 187 a structural protein |
front 188 Gastric juices produced by the stomach are strongly acidic. Without the neutralizing effect of fluids from the pancreas, the stomach acids could be absorbed directly into the blood. What would be a likely outcome for blood pH if this happened? | back 188 Blood pH would become 6.9. |
front 189 Electrolytes conduct electrical currents in solution. | back 189 true |
front 190 At a pH of 7, the number of hydroxide ions exceeds the number of hydrogen ions. | back 190 false |
front 191 What cells of the nervous system are responsible for anchoring neurons to their blood vessels and controlling the extracellular fluid concentrations of potassium and neurotransmitters | back 191 astrocytes |
front 192 What part of a neuron receives signals and sends a message to the cell body? | back 192 dendrite |
front 193 What is the first event of an action potential? | back 193 Sodium gates open and the membrane depolarizes |
front 194 What ion depolarizes the membrane when it diffuses into the axon of a neuron? | back 194 sodium |
front 195 CVA | back 195 brain damage due to a blocked blood supply, paralysis, numbness |
front 196 Alzheimer's disease | back 196 progressive brain degenration |
front 197 Both Alzheimer's disease & CVA | back 197 personality change, memory loss, disorientation & confusion, short attention span, language impairment |
front 198 Usually, brain injury is slight in a | back 198 concussion |
front 199 In a _________, the victim may be dizzy, "see stars," or lose consciousness briefly. | back 199 Concussion |
front 200 Typically, little permanent brain damage occurs in a ? | back 200 concussion |
front 201 A brain ________ is the result of marked tissue destruction | back 201 contusion |
front 202 In a severe case, a _________results in a coma. | back 202 contusion |
front 203 Which of these parts of the brain is correctly matched with its region? | back 203 thalamus; diencephalon |
front 204 Which of the following conditions would result from damage to the cerebellum? | back 204 ataxia |
front 205 The blockage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) outflow in the brain can cause accumulation of fluid, resulting in cranial enlargement in infants. This condition is called | back 205 hydrocephalus |
front 206 In flaccid paralysis, muscles atrophy because they are not receiving neural stimulation. Damage to which specific part of the spinal cord would cause flaccid paralysis | back 206 ventral root |
front 207 What part of the brain do we use when initiating skeletal muscle movement | back 207 primary motor area |
front 208 What produces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)? | back 208 choroid plexus |
front 209 cervical plexus | back 209 phrenic nerve, serves the diaphragm, shoulders and neck |
front 210 brachial plexus | back 210 axillary and radial nerves, median & ulnar nerves, serves the thorax and upper appendages |
front 211 lumbar plexus | back 211 femoral & obturator nerves, serves the lower abdomen, thighs, and hips |
front 212 sacral plexus | back 212 serves the lower trunk & lower appendages, sciatic & gluteal nerves |
front 213 What cranial nerve pair supplies many organs in the ventral body cavity | back 213 vagus nerves |
front 214 Which of these is an effect of the parasympathetic nervous system? | back 214 increases peristalsis within the stomach and small intestines |
front 215 Which of these is a sympathetic effect? | back 215 Blood vessels constrict |
front 216 What could result if a spinal nerve is severely damaged? | back 216 loss of sensation and flaccid paralysis of the area served by the nerve |
front 217 Which of the following can adversely affect brain development in the fetus? | back 217 alcohol |
front 218 Select the supporting cells present in the peripheral nervous system. | back 218 Schwann cells, satellite cells |
front 219 Select the option that correctly matches the type of neuroglia with its function | back 219 Satellite cells; surround and protect peripheral neuron cells bodies |
front 220 How are neurons classified according to their function | back 220 Sensory, motor, and interneurons |
front 221 What primarily determines the polarity of the cell membrane when the neuron is at rest | back 221 More potassium ions leak out of the cell than sodium ions leak into the cell |
front 222 Depolarized | back 222 membrane is more positive inside than outside |
front 223 central nervous system | back 223 CNS, brain and spinal cord, integrating and command centers |
front 224 peripheral nervous system | back 224 PNS, Cranial and spinal nerves, communication lines with the body |
front 225 dors | back 225 back |
front 226 cerebr | back 226 brain |
front 227 neur | back 227 nerve |
front 228 itis | back 228 inflammation or disease |
front 229 auto | back 229 self |
front 230 The roots of the spinal cord on the posterior side are called | back 230 dorsal roots |
front 231 are supporting cells of the nervous system. | back 231 neuroglia |
front 232 An infection of the meninges is called | back 232 meningitis |
front 233 The ________ nervous system is the part of the brain under involuntary, or automatic, control. | back 233 autonomic |
front 234 The conscious part of the brain is the | back 234 cerebrum |
front 235 Fibers that carry information from the skin, joints, and skeletal muscles to the central nervous system are | back 235 Both somatic and sensory |
front 236 The ________ is a connective tissue wrapping around fascicles of neuron fibers. | back 236 perineurium |
front 237 Which division of the peripheral nervous system activates skeletal muscles? | back 237 somatic nervous system |
front 238 Saltatory conduction is a faster type of nerve impulse transmission that occurs along myelinated axons. Why is nerve impulse transmission faster in myelinated neurons? | back 238 The nerve impulse can jump from one node of Ranvier to the next, speeding the rate of nerve impulse transmission. |
front 239 Ganglia are collections of | back 239 cell bodies |
front 240 What are the two major functional properties of neurons | back 240 irritability and conductivity |
front 241 What is the primary role of the interneuron (association neuron) | back 241 connect motor and sensory neurons in their pathways |
front 242 Ms. Young feels deep pressure during a tooth extraction. Which type of sensory receptor detects this sensation? | back 242 lamellar corpuscle |
front 243 Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) does not flow through the | back 243 corpus callosum |
front 244 What cells form the myelin sheaths around nerve fibers in the PNS? | back 244 Schwann cells |
front 245 Which of these lists the components of a reflex arc in the correct sequence? | back 245 receptor; afferent neuron; control center; efferent neuron; effector |
front 246 Why is white matter "white" | back 246 It contains a high concentration of myelin. |
front 247 What is the most abundant glial cell in the central nervous system (CNS)? | back 247 astrocytes |
front 248 Which of the following neurons is classified as a unipolar neuron? | back 248 sensory neuron |
front 249 Which of the following neurons is classified as a unipolar neuron? | back 249 sensory neuron |
front 250 The blood-brain barrier is effective against the passage of | back 250 metabolic waste such as urea |
front 251 The spinal cord terminates by vertebra | back 251 L3 |
front 252 The primary motor area allows us to consciously move our skeletal muscles. | back 252 True |
front 253 Wendy had a few alcoholic drinks, then found walking and maintaining her balance difficult. Which part of her brain was sedated by the alcohol? | back 253 cerebellum |
front 254 The vital centers for the control of visceral activities such as heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, swallowing, and vomiting are located in the | back 254 medulla oblongata |
front 255 A special group of neurons in the gray matter of the brain stem that plays a role in consciousness and the awake/sleep cycles is the | back 255 reticular activating system (RAS |
front 256 Which meningeal layer is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) | back 256 Subarachnoid space |
front 257 The hypothalamus is the "emotional-visceral" center of the brain and, thus, is an important part of the | back 257 limbic system |
front 258 A stroke in the primary motor area has caused Don to lose control over his skeletal muscles on the right side of his body. What lobe of his brain was damaged? | back 258 frontal lobe |
front 259 Which cranial nerve pairs are purely motor and control eye movement? | back 259 Oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens |
front 260 How many pairs of spinal nerves emerge from the spinal cord | back 260 31 |
front 261 Which pair of cranial nerves is mismatched with its name | back 261 Cranial nerve II: oculomotor |
front 262 Both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems operate with a chain of two motor neurons. | back 262 true |
front 263 Which nerves dominate parasympathetic division activities? | back 263 Craniosacral nerves |
front 264 In contrast to the somatic nervous system, the autonomic nervous system | back 264 has a chain of two motor neurons |
front 265 The ventral rami of the spinal nerves form a complex network of nerves known as a | back 265 plexus |
front 266 Myelinated fibers (tracts) form ________ matter while unmyelinated fibers form ________ matter. | back 266 white; gray |
front 267 The part of the neuron that typically conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body is the | back 267 axon |
front 268 Which cranial nerves control movement of the eyes | back 268 oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens |