front 1 The dental health professional should be familiar with autonomic nervous system (ANS) drugs for all reasons except; which is the exception?
| back 1 ANS drugs are used to treat oral infections. |
front 2 The two components of the ANS, the sympathetic autonomic nervous system (SANS) and the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system (PANS) together control regulation of which bodily functions?
| back 2 Regulation of blood pressure and heart rate and smooth muscles of the gut and bronchi |
front 3 Which statement is most correct concerning the sympathetic autonomic nervous system (SANS)?
| back 3 A single preganglionic fiber often synapses with numerous postganglionic neurons to produce a diffuse effect. |
front 4 When the sympathetic autonomic nervous system is stimulated, the __________ releases epinephrine and norepinephrine into systemic circulation, acting as a large sympathetic ganglion.
| back 4 adrenal medulla |
front 5 Actions of the sympathetic nervous system include all except; which is the exception?
| back 5 adrenal medulla |
front 6 What is the preganglionic neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system?
| back 6 Acetylcholine |
front 7 What is the primary postsynaptic neurotransmitter released between the postsynaptic nerve and the effector tissue for the sympathetic nervous system (SANS)?
| back 7 Norepinephrine |
front 8 Which naturally occurring cholinergic agents is given to stimulate saliva flow?
| back 8 Pilocarpine (Salagen) |
front 9 Which adrenergic drug is used to treat asthma?
| back 9 Albuterol |
front 10 Indications for adrenergic drugs include all except; which is the exception?
| back 10 Salivary stimulants |
front 11 Which terms refer to the same groups of medications?
| back 11 Sympathomimetic, adrenergic |
front 12 All are adverse reactions of cholinergic agents except; which is the exception?
| back 12 Xerostomia |
front 13 The term catecholamine refers to which agent?
| back 13 Epinephrine |
front 14 Stimulation of β1 receptors of the SANS by adrenergic agents causes stimulation of the heart muscle, resulting in increased heart rate and strength of contraction. Stimulation of the β2 receptors of the SANS by adrenergic agents causes stimulation of the smooth muscles of the bronchioles, resulting in bronchoconstriction. | back 14 The first statement is true; the second statement is false. |
front 15 In the autonomic nervous system, the preganglionic neuron originates in the __________ and passes out to form the ganglia at the __________ with the postganglionic neuron. The postganglionic neuron originates in the __________ and innervates the __________.
| back 15 central nervous system, synapse, ganglia, effector organ |
front 16 The sensory components of ANS are the __________ fibers, and the motor component of the ANS are the __________ fibers.
| back 16 afferent, efferent |
front 17 All of these adrenergic agents are vasoconstrictors except; which is the exception?
| back 17 Dopamine |
front 18 These statements accurately describe the cell bodies that give origin to the preganglionic fibers of the SANS, compared with the PANS EXCEPT; which is the EXCEPTION?
| back 18 Preganglionic fibers have a less diffuse effect. |
front 19 The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is involved with, and is usually termed, the fight-or-flight response and is designed to cope with sudden emergencies. The sympathetic division of the ANS is involved with conservation of the body processes and is often termed the rest-and-digest response. | back 19 Both statements are false. |
front 20 Drugs can modify ANS activity by altering neurotransmitter activity in which ways?
| back 20 All of the above |
front 21 All of the statements about neurotransmitters in the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system (PANS) are true except; which is the exception?
| back 21 The neurotransmitter released from the postganglionic nerve terminal is norepinephrine and is called adrenergic. |
front 22 A drug that acts at the location where norepinephrine is the neurotransmitter released would be termed | back 22 adrenergic. |
front 23 A drug that has the suffix __________ has the same action as an agonist. | back 23 -mimetic |
front 24 A drug that acts at the location where a division of the ANS acts and blocks the action (acting as an antagonist) of the neurotransmitter has the suffix __________. | back 24 A and C |
front 25 What is the principal neurotransmitter of the PANS?
| back 25 Acetylcholine |
front 26 The action of the released acetylcholine is terminated by hydrolysis by the enzyme
| back 26 acetylcholinesterase. |
front 27 A PANS drug, succinylcholine, attaches to the nicotinic receptor and results in flaccid paralysis of the skeletal muscle. This drug is commonly used to treat seizure disorders. | back 27 The first part of the statement is true; the second part is false. |
front 28 The direct-acting cholinergic or parasympathomimetic (PANS) agents include which drugs?
| back 28 Bethanechol, Pilocarpine |
front 29 Which is the primary mechanism of action for the indirect-acting parasympathomimetic agents?
| back 29 Inhibiting the enzyme cholinesterase |
front 30 Indications for parasympathetic autonomic nervous system (PANS) drugs include all except; which is the exception?
| back 30 Treatment of bronchial asthma |
front 31 These conditions are contraindications for PANS agents EXCEPT; which is the EXCEPTION?
| back 31 Xerostomia |
front 32 Insecticides and chemical warfare agents are usually sympathetic autonomic nervous system drugs called reversible cholinesterase inhibitors. Members of this drug group include parathion, malathion, and sarin. | back 32 The first statement is false; the second statement is true. |
front 33 The anticholinergic or parasympatholytic agents are often used therapeutically to treat which conditions?
| back 33 All are correct |
front 34 Adverse reactions associated with the large doses of anticholinergics include all except; which is the exception?
| back 34 Central nervous system depression |
front 35 The combination of anticholinergic agents and levodopa is sometimes used for the treatment of __________.
| back 35 Parkinson’s disease |
front 36 Examples of sympathomimetic adrenergic agonists include all drugs EXCEPT; which is the EXCEPTION?
| back 36 Atropine |
front 37 For each numbered medication below, select the best indication or use.
| back 37
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