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63 notecards = 16 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Autonomic Nervous System

front 1

Compared to the somatic nervous system, the autonomic nervous system secretes

back 1

acetylcholine or norepinephrine

front 2

Compared to the autonomic nervous system, receptors of the somatic nervous system include

back 2

nicotinic cholinergic receptors only

front 3

Compared to the somatic nervous system, which of the following describes the neuron arrangement from the central nervous system (CNS) to the effector in the autonomic nervous system?

back 3

two motor neurons in series

front 4

The sympathetic division is also referred to as the _______________ division.

back 4

thoracolumbar

front 5

The parasympathetic division is also referred to as the _______________ division.

back 5

craniosacral

front 6

Nerve fibers of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system originate in which of the following segments of the central nervous system?

back 6

thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord

front 7

Nerve fibers of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system originate in which of the following segments of the central nervous system?

back 7

brainstem and sacral region of the spinal cord

front 8

In which of the following cranial nerves do the parasympathetic preganglionic nerve fibers that innervate organs of the thorax and upper abdomen occur?

back 8

vagus

front 9

In which of the following segments do the parasympathetic preganglionic nerve fibers that send signals to organs within the pelvic cavity originate?

back 9

sacral region of the spinal cord

front 10

Which of the following ganglia are associated with the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

back 10

terminal

front 11

Sympathetic preganglionic axons originate from neurons in the _______________ of the spinal cord.

back 11

lateral horns

front 12

After traveling a short distance in a spinal nerve sympathetic preganglionic axons exit the spinal nerve in a

back 12

white ramus communicans

front 13

Which of the following indicates the correct path sympathetic nerve fibers take when leaving the spinal cord before returning to a spinal nerve on their way to stimulate arrector pili muscles and sweat glands in the skin?
1. white ramus
2. paravertebral ganglion
3. spinal nerve
4. ventral root
5. gray ramus

back 13

4-3-1-2-5

front 14

Parasympathetic preganglionic axons in pathways leading to visceral effectors in the head occur in each of the following cranial nerves EXCEPT the

back 14

vagus nerves.

front 15

Which of the following types of ganglia occur in chains on either side of the vertebral column?

back 15

paravertebral ganglia

front 16

Nerve fibers of the _______________ division of the autonomic nervous system arise from the brainstem and the sacral region of the spinal cord.

back 16

parasympathetic

front 17

Which of the following is true about the nerve fibers of sympathetic motor neurons?

back 17

Preganglionic fibers exit the spinal cord in the ventral roots of spinal nerves.

front 18

Preganglionic axons of this division of the autonomic nervous system originate in the brainstem and from the sacral region of the spinal cord.

back 18

parasympathetic

front 19

All of the following are true about autonomic sympathetic nerve fibers EXCEPT

back 19

preganglionic fibers begin in the brainstem and sacral region of the spinal cord.

front 20

The parasympathetic fibers that control the secretion of saliva, tears and nasal secretions are conveyed in the

back 20

facial nerves.

front 21

Parasympathetic fibers that innervate organs in the abdominopelvic cavity are conveyed in the _______________ nerve or arise from spinal nerves in the ______________ region.

back 21

vagus; sacral

front 22

Parasympathetic ganglia are located near the _______________ and are called ______________.

back 22

target organs; terminal ganglia.

front 23

The facial nerves include parasympathetic fibers that regulate

back 23

secretion of saliva, tears and nasal secretions.

front 24

Parasympathetic fibers of the vagus nerves form each of the following autonomic plexuses EXCEPT the

back 24

inferior hypogastric.

front 25

Which of the following autonomic plexuses is formed by parasympathetic fibers that arise from spinal nerves S2 to S4?

back 25

inferior hypogastric

front 26

Parasympathetic axons exit the brainstem in all of the following cranial nerves EXCEPT which of the following?

back 26

hypoglossal(XII)

front 27

Sympathetic splanchnic nerves

back 27

carry preganglionic sympathetic axons to collateral ganglia after they pass through the sympathetic chain ganglia without synapsing.

front 28

Sympathetic axons leave the sympathetic chain ganglia in all of the following EXCEPT

back 28

cranial nerves.

front 29

Which of the following is NOT a collateral ganglion of the sympathetic division?

back 29

submandibular ganglion

front 30

Which of the following is a terminal ganglion of the parasympathetic division?

back 30

ciliary ganglion

front 31

The axons of preganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division synapse within _______________ ganglia.

back 31

terminal

front 32

Nicotinic receptors occur in the membranes of which of the following?

back 32

postganglionic parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons

front 33

Which of the following are NOT exclusively cholinergic neurons?

back 33

sympathetic postganglionic

front 34

Which of the following are usually adrenergic neurons?

back 34

sympathetic postganglionic

front 35

Nicotinic receptors in the autonomic nervous system are located in the membranes of

back 35

postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions.

front 36

Which of the following receptors occur in the membranes of target cells of sympathetic postganglionic neurons?

back 36

alpha or beta adrenergic or muscarinic cholinergic

front 37

Which of the following receptors occur in the membranes of target cells of parasympathetic postganglionic neurons?

back 37

muscarinic cholinergic

front 38

Which of these receptors occur in the membranes of sympathetic postganglionic neurons?

back 38

nicotinic cholinergic

front 39

Acetylcholine is always the neurotransmitter employed by each of the following EXCEPT

back 39

sympathetic postganglionic neurons.

front 40

Norepinephrine is usually the neurotransmitter employed by

back 40

sympathetic postganglionic neurons.

front 41

What type of receptors occur in the membranes of the adrenal medulla cells that respond to sympathetic stimulation by secreting the hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine?

back 41

nicotinic cholinergic

front 42

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors occur in each of the following locations except the membranes of

back 42

parasympathetic effector cells.

front 43

The neurotransmitter acetylcholine binds to

back 43

nicotinic and muscarinic receptors.

front 44

Which effectors would be stimulated after consumption of nicotine?

back 44

both parasympathetic and sympathetic postganglionic neurons

front 45

Because it selectively activates beta receptors, which of the following drugs is used to dilate bronchioles in respiratory disorders such as asthma?

back 45

albuterol

front 46

Which of the following is a parasympathetic blocking agent used to dilate the pupils during an eye examination?

back 46

atropine

front 47

Which of the following types of neurons is least likely to be cholinergic?

back 47

sympathetic postganglionic

front 48

The binding of acetylcholine to muscarinic receptors results in

back 48

an increase in intestinal motility.

front 49

The two divisions of the autonomic nervous system have antagonistic effects on each of the following EXCEPT

back 49

the diameter of blood vessels in skeletal muscles.

front 50

The two divisions of the autonomic nervous system have antagonistic effects on which of the following?

back 50

gastrointestinal motility

front 51

_______________ stimulation leads to dilation of the pupils of the eyes and _______________ stimulation leads to constriction of the pupils.

back 51

Sympathetic; parasympathetic

front 52

The two divisions of the autonomic nervous system have antagonistic effects on each of the following EXCEPT

back 52

the diameter of blood vessels in skeletal muscles.

front 53

During stress the sympathetic division of the ANS would cause each of the following EXCEPT

back 53

contraction of the urinary bladder.

front 54

Which of the following is NOT a parasympathetic effect?

back 54

dilation of the bronchioles in the lungs

front 55

Which of the following is a sympathetic effect?

back 55

increased heart rate

front 56

The parasympathetic fibers that control the muscles involved in constriction of the pupils in response to a bright light shined in eyes are conveyed in the

back 56

oculomotor nerves.

front 57

The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system normally controls target cells with ____ receptors.

back 57

nicotinic and muscarinic

front 58

Which of the following brain areas is the most important integrating center for autonomic nervous system functions?

back 58

hypothalamus

front 59

Each of the following areas of the central nervous system serves as an integrating center for autonomic nervous system functions EXCEPT the

back 59

thalamus

front 60

All of the following are true about the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system EXCEPT which one?

back 60

Each preganglionic neuron synapses with as many as 17 postganglionic neurons.

front 61

Which of the following is NOT true about the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

back 61

Effects on target organs are specific and local.

front 62

Which of the following is NOT true about the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

back 62

Stimulation affects several organs at the same time resulting in generalized effects.

front 63

A decrease in blood pressure is detected by _______________ in the common carotid arteries and leads to a _______________ reflex that stimulates an increase in the heart rate and force of contraction.

back 63

baroreceptors; sympathetic