front 1 Examples of pasteurization | back 1
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front 2 Microbistatic | back 2 Treatment that stops growth. Sterilization. Microbicidal Kills all living organisms. Disinfectant. |
front 3 Which is bacteriostatic? | back 3 agent prevents the growth of bacteria; kills bacteria |
front 4 Disinfecting agents naturally produced by microorganisms are What? | back 4 antimicrobials |
front 5 endospores used to measure the effectiveness of autoclave sterilization... why | back 5 they are hard to kill |
front 6 Method of microbial control using moist heat? | back 6 autoclaves |
front 7 process of incineration is used for? | back 7 sterilization |
front 8 drugs specifically targets cell walls that contain mycolic acid? | back 8 Isoniazid |
front 9 What means an antibiotic of broad spectrum? | back 9 an antibiotic that acts on the two major bacterial groups, Gram-positive and Gram-negative, or any antibiotic that acts against a wide range of disease-causing bacteria. |
front 10 drugs can become incorporated into the bones and teeth of a fetus? | back 10 tetracyclines |
front 11 broad-spectrum antibiotics act by doing what? | back 11 targeting both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial groups |
front 12 therapeutic range of an antimicrobial…what means? | back 12 no data |
front 13 Biosafety Levels…..which one? | back 13 BSL-1, BSL-2, BSL-3, and BSL-4, |
front 14 Mode of action of the antibiotic vancomycin is??? | back 14 inhibiting the second stage of cell wall synthesis of susceptible bacteria |
front 15 Mode of action the antibiotic tetracyclines is?? | back 15 inhibit the 30S ribosomal subunit, hindering the binding of the aminoacyl-tRNA to the acceptor site on the mRNA-ribosome complex |
front 16 Mode of action ciprofloxacin is. | back 16 inhibition of the enzymes topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase IV (both Type II topoisomerases) |
front 17 Mode of action Methicillin | back 17 inhibiting penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) that are involved in the synthesis of peptidoglycan |
front 18 AZT and Valaciclovir are antiviral nucleoside analogs that interfere with What?? | back 18 nucleic acid synthesis |
front 19 Mode of action antimicrobial polymyxin | back 19 cause cell damage leading to cell death by disrupting the membrane integrity |
front 20 Which is considered a mechanical vector transmission? | back 20 ~ biological vectors ~ flies ~ mosquitos |
front 21 Aerosols may be involved in ________ transmission of pathogens. | back 21 droplet |
front 22 Fomites are ???? | back 22 inanimate objects involved in the indirect contact transmission of pathogens. |
front 23 Reservoir is ?? | back 23 the habitat in which the agent normally lives, grows, and multiplies |
front 24 The stages of diseases | back 24 the incubation period, the prodromal period, the period of illness, the period of decline, the period of convalescence |
front 25 innate immunity…..what includes? | back 25 physical and anatomical barriers as well as effector cells, antimicrobial peptides, soluble mediators, and cell receptors |
front 26 All about eosinophil function …… | back 26 host defense against parasites and promoting allergic reactions. |
front 27 process of phagocytosis involve all ,,,except | back 27 secretion of cytotoxins |
front 28 lectin pathway of complement activation……how is activated? | back 28 when MBL binds to hexoses with carbon 3 and 4 OH groups such as N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, glucose, fucose, and mannose |
front 29 Fever is beneficial during viral because??? | back 29 diminish viral replication by several mechanisms, and improve host defence mechanisms against the pathogen. |
front 30 Aspirin mode of action in inflammation | back 30 inhibit the activity of the enzyme now called cyclooxygenase (COX) which leads to the formation of prostaglandins (PGs) |
front 31 Which is chemotactic factor | back 31 molecules which stimulate the directional locomotion of cells in gradients |
front 32 natural killer lymphocytes…..what they do? | back 32 destroy infected and diseased cells, like cancer cells |
front 33 most prevalent antibody class in the blood | back 33 lgG |
front 34 All about T lymphocytes | back 34 directly killing infected host cells, activating other immune cells, producing cytokines and regulating the immune response. |
front 35 Lymphocyte mature in the red bone marrow. | back 35 only B lymphocyte mature there |
front 36 type of immunity is produced by the body when a person contracts a disease? | back 36 naturally acquired active immunity |
front 37 Vaccination triggers an immune response which produces…What? | back 37 “memory” B- and T-cells |
front 38 adaptive immune response requires exposure to specific epitopes for activation. t/ f Freebeeee | back 38 true |