front 1 Clade of all land plants | back 1 streptophyta |
front 2 general characteristics of all plants | back 2 monophyletic, multicellular, mostly photosynthetic, chloroplasts, cellulose, sexual AND asexual reproduction |
front 3 Types of vascular tissues | back 3 xylem (water) |
front 4 Alternation of generations | back 4 spores develop into gametophytes, gametophyte produces gametes which can produce zygotes, zygotes develop into sporophytes which make spores |
front 5 3 groups of seedless non-vascular plants and examples | back 5 liverworts, hornworts, mosses (bryophytes) |
front 6 antheridia vs archegonia | back 6 antheridia produce sperm, archegonia produce eggs |
front 7 seedless vascular plants | back 7 clubmosses, horsetails, whisk ferns (Lycophyta and and pterophyta) |
front 8 Look at slides for Polytrichum (hair cap moss) | back 8 Polytrichum - gametophyte is the leafy bottom, sporophyte is the
shoot with calyptra and capsule |
front 9 sporophyte vs gametophyte in gymnosperms | back 9 sporophyte dominant (tree) with gametophyte smaller portion of life span (cones with sperm/egg) |
front 10 pollen vs ovule | back 10 ovule contains 4 megasporocyte - only one megaspore will remain. pollen comes to the gametophyte with the egg, and sperm nucleus in the pollen tube fertilizes egg |
front 11 advantage of having pollen and seeds | back 11 fertilization without water, can leave the water source behind and spread further, which can increase genetic diversity |
front 12 dioecious vs monoecious | back 12 two home (male and female plants separate) - vs one home (male and female on the same plant) |
front 13 4 groups of gymnosperms | back 13 coniferophyta (pine trees/cones) |
front 14 loneliest tree in the world | back 14 encephalartos woodii |
front 15 why gnteophytes are closest relatives to angiosperms | back 15 molecular data and double fertilization |
front 16 male vs female cone visual | back 16 see page 7 of gymnosperm background |
front 17 know your parts of your flower | back 17 stamen (anther/filament) |
front 18 double fertilization | back 18 8 mitotic cells form 1 egg, 1 polar nucleus (2 cells), 2 synergids and 3 antipodal cells. The two sperm arrive, one fertilizes the egg and the other joins the polar nuclei to form food for embryo |
front 19 monocot vs dicot | back 19 dicots have two cotyledons |
front 20 Look at slides for: Lily anther and lily ovule | back 20 see lab 15 background document |
front 21 what is citizen science | back 21 when citizens contribute observation and data collection to professional research projects |
front 22 website you used to collect data | back 22 zooniverse spider crab watch |
front 23 summarize the experiment you collected data for | back 23 spider crabs aggregate and we want to know why so we are counting them, off the coast of Australia |
front 24 apical vs lateral meristem and growth | back 24 apical is the tips of roots and shoots, and is where most of the
vertical growth happens/ |
front 25 dermal, ground, and vascular tissue | back 25 dermal - outer portion of roots, stems, leaves - epidermis/bark -
covers and protects and helps with gas exchange |
front 26 root hairs and stomata | back 26 root hairs - absorption |
front 27 leaf structures | back 27 cuticle - waxy layer prevents
dessication |
front 28 look at slides for; | back 28 coleus looks like crab pincers, |
front 29 parts of a gastrula | back 29 ecto/endo/mesotherm - blastopore, archenteron |
front 30 identify stages of embryonic development | back 30 zygote - morula (8 cell) - blastula - gastrula - neurula (in vertabrates) |
front 31 11 body systems and what they do | back 31 Circulatory System, digestive, endocrine, excretory, integumentary, lymphatic, muscular, nervous, respiratory, reproductive, skeletal (MRS INCLUDER) |
front 32 Characteristics of animals | back 32 eukaryotic, multicellular w/o cell walls, motile, heterotrophic, specialized tissue, mostly sexual reproduction, body plan determined when embryo |
front 33 porifera | back 33 sponges - asymmetrical, diploblastic, neither proto or duetero |
front 34 sponge life cycle | back 34 choanocytes become sperm, amoebocytes become eggs, sperm swims into a collar cell and fertilizes the egg, producing a zygote. Larvae is motile, will land on sea floor and grow into adult |
front 35 cnidarian | back 35 radial symmetry, is polyp or medusa - is diploblastic - is protostome |
front 36 structure of snidocytes | back 36 touch senstivite hair like projection, barb and thread - |
front 37 coral bleaching | back 37 when the dinoflagellates (a symbiont) are expelled from coral due to temperature and PH changes, the coral will often die as the symbiont helps with photosynthesis and nutrients, as well as color. Their absence turns the coral white |
front 38 cephilization | back 38 development of a head where sensory organs are stored |
front 39 3 main types of platyhelminthes | back 39 tubellaria - free living |
front 40 look at slides for grantia, obelia medusa, dugesia, tapeworm scolex and proglottids | back 40 in the background doc of the invertebrate lab |
front 41 dissection safety | back 41 hair up, sleeves rolled up, remove watches and rings, put on goggles, clear your space |
front 42 anatomical terms | back 42 dorsal/vental |
front 43 classification of squid | back 43 mollusca in class cephalopoda - species is Loligo vulgaris |
front 44 external anatomy of a squid | back 44 tentacles, arms, fin, eye, sucker, mantle, pen |
front 45 internal structure of squid | back 45 siphon, ink sac, stomach, ovary/testes, nidimental glands, heart, digestive gland, kidney, rectum, ctenidium, secum |
front 46 sea star classification | back 46 enchinoderms - Asterias forbesi |
front 47 external structures of starfish | back 47 ray, spines, eyespot, disc, madreporite, ambulacral groove, tube feet |
front 48 internal structures of starfish | back 48 hepatic caecum, gonad, ampullae, cardiac stomach, pyloric stomach, gonad, ring - water vascular system |
front 49 classification of pigeon | back 49 neoave, Columba livia |
front 50 parts of a feather | back 50 shaft, barbs, vanes, quill |
front 51 flight muscles | back 51 pectoralis, pulls wing down |
front 52 external anatomy of a pigeon | back 52 beak, nares/nostril, eyes, ears, feet, breast, contour feathers tail feathers |
front 53 internal anatomy of pigeon | back 53 esophagus, crop, gizzard, spleen, kidneys, small and large intestine, caeca, heart, lung, ovary, testes, pectoralis muscle |
front 54 mammal traits | back 54 hair, secretory glands, endothermic, 4 chambered heart, |
front 55 dichotomous key | back 55 a series of questions for identifying a specimen, usually in dichotomies, kind of like a choose your own adventure guide |
front 56 skull structures used in the lab | back 56 rostrum, orbit, post orbital process, sagittal crest, length of skull, molars, pre molars, incisors |
front 57 ESA of 1973 | back 57 protects plants animals and fungi threatened with extinction, the species requires a species action plan and regular surveys, overseen by USFWS US fish and wildlife |
front 58 types of protection the ESA provides | back 58 threatened and endangered |
front 59 examples of species/plans from ESA | back 59 bald eagle went from 400 pairs to 10000 pairs, banning DDT and
protection |
front 60 strategies for global conservation | back 60 provide habitat, soil regeneration, clean water |