front 1 Name of the objectives in the microscope | back 1 1. Scanning objective (4x) 2. Medium power objective (10x) 3. High (power) dry objective (40x) 4. Oil immersion objective (100x) |
front 2 it is best to start with which objective? | back 2 Scanning objective (4x) |
front 3 When using the high power objective, you should not adjust ????? | back 3 Coarse focus adjustment knob |
front 4 total magnification for the objectives | back 4 1. 4x (scanning) 2. 10x (medium) 3. 40x or 45x (high dry) 4. 100x (oil immersion) |
front 5 If the magnification increases, the actual size of the field of view…what ? | back 5 decreases |
front 6 What the Fine adjustment knob do? | back 6 This knob raises and lowers the stage in very small increments; it is possible to bring the image into sharp focus |
front 7 Part of microscope that control the pass of light | back 7 Field diaphragm |
front 8 Aseptic Techniques…..what is that | back 8 The method of handling microbes and materials in a way that minimizes contamination |
front 9 Streak Plate Inoculation …for what is used | back 9 Method to separate individual bacteria from mixtures |
front 10 Eosine…..what is ? for what is used? | back 10 widely used as a dye for laboratory microscopy; to stain the cytoplasm of cells and bacteria |
front 11 place the plates in the incubator, you should make it…how? | back 11 Petri dishes need to be incubated upside-down to lessen contamination risks from airborne particles landing on them |
front 12 objective lenses can be found to have a magnification of all of the following, EXCEPT? | back 12 1000x |
front 13 Why immersion oil can be used to minimize light scattering? | back 13 Since light scattering is decreased, the image is clearer and sharper and has better contrast |
front 14 compound microscope | back 14 1. Typical binocular compound microscope 2. two oculars 3. two lenses or mirrors to produce an image |
front 15 inoculation…what it means? | back 15 The process of transferring a microbe from one medium to the next |
front 16 pure culture or a colony contains:` | back 16 A single bacterium |
front 17 negative stains | back 17 1. Is an example of an indirect simple stain 2. The dyes used in negative staining have an acidic chromogen (negatively charged) that is repelled by the bacterial cell |
front 18 Acidic dyes…..what it means? | back 18 Is negatively charged & stains the inside of a cell Ex. Eosin, Nigrosin, and Congo red |
front 19 fixed smear of bacterial cells and stains them with Loeffler's methylene blue. All the cells appear blue under the oil lens. This is an example of:…what kind of staining | back 19 Simple staining |
front 20 The process of transferring a microbe ….true or false | back 20 Inoculation; true |
front 21 you need to heat fix your sample first by waving the slide through the blue flame on a Bunsen burner a few times. Why do you do this? | back 21 Heat-fixing smears can distort cell size and cell shape |
front 22 “streptobacilli” indicate? | back 22 1. genus of fastidious microaerophilic Gram-negative bacteria 2. Grow in culture as rods in chains. |
front 23 A microbiologist inoculates Staphylococcus aureus into a culture medium. Following incubation, both Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are determined to be growing in this culture. What is the most likely explanation? | back 23 The culture is contaminated |
front 24 The dinoflagellates …….true or false about them | back 24 1. single-celled eukaryotes 2. usually considered algae 3. mostly marine plankton, but they also are common in freshwater habitats |
front 25 The slide is held in place by the????? | back 25 Mechanical stage |
front 26 The diaphragm in the micrsoscope….what it does? | back 26 Opens and closes to increase and decrease light from the light source |
front 27 Total magnification using an objective lens……2 numbers calculate total magnification | back 27 multiply the power of the ocular lens by the power of the objective lens |
front 28 the magnification is decreased from 400× to 100×, the field of view…what ? | back 28 Increases |
front 29 using the microscope, when you move the slide to the left, it appears to move | back 29 Right |
front 30 Contrast | back 30 a measure of the differences in appearance between two objects |
front 31 Resolution | back 31 The ability of a lens system to distinguish as separate entities objects that are small and very close together |
front 32 preferable to use to inoculate a nutrient broth….What kind of inoculating INSTRUMENT? | back 32 Inoculating loop |
front 33 using aseptic technique in the lab…WHAT NEED TO DO WITH INSTRUMENT before inoculate | back 33 Sterilized using Bunsen burner flame |
front 34 purpose of flaming the loop before use | back 34 to prevent contamination of the bench surface and as a consideration to others in the lab who may later use the inoculating loops |
front 35 When nutrient broth is cloudy, it indicates that | back 35 bacterial growth |
front 36 Simple stain | back 36 1. Uses only one stain 2. When simple stain are done using basic dyes, safranin or methylene blue, the cells are the same color 3. Useful for observing the morphology or shape and the arrangement of cells |
front 37 Which of the following are magnifying lenses? | back 37 Objective and ocular |
front 38 Which staining technique does not need heat-fix step? | back 38 Capsule staining |
front 39 Which of the following microscope is proper to use? Something that measure 0.2 micrometers? | back 39 Compound Light Microscope |
front 40 Safranin is a type of…what ? | back 40 Basic dye commonly used as a counter-stain |
front 41 All about Euglena… | back 41 1. Mostly green in color due to the presence of chlorophyll pigment 2. Euglena is unicellular having one nucleus 3. it is both heterotrophic (must consume food) and autotrophic (can make its own food) |
front 42 The Ziehl-Neelson technique involves steaming/heat-fixing | back 42 True |
front 43 Procedures that stain cells are called indirect stains | back 43 False |
front 44 Gram positive gram negative ….what are their colors | back 44 Gram positive- purple Gram negative- pink |
front 45 following organisms will NOT test positive for endospores: | back 45 Bacillus and Clostridium |
front 46 The primary stain used in Gram stain | back 46 Crystal violet |
front 47 Acid-fast cells have ______ ___ in the cell walls, making them resistant to????? | back 47 waxy cell walls; Makes them resistant to desiccation (drying) and disinfectants |
front 48 Why is agar preferable to gelatin | back 48 Agar sets more firmly at room temperature than gelatin |
front 49 Starch is a polymer of; | back 49 two polymers: amylose and amylopectin |
front 50 Gram stain decolorizing agent? | back 50 Ethanol |
front 51 What color phenol red changes to when bacteria produce acid | back 51 Yellow |
front 52 What does PPE in health care places stands | back 52 Personal Protective Equipment |
front 53 basic principles of microscopy include(s) | back 53 magnification, resolution, numerical aperture, illumination, and focusing |
front 54 techniques are used for observation of motility? | back 54 Wet and hanging drop mount |
front 55 A dichotomous key …what it is? | back 55 a method of identification whereby groups of organisms are divided into two categories repeatedly |
front 56 purpose of isolation streak plate technique | back 56 to obtain isolated colonies from an inoculum by creating areas of increasing dilution on a single plate |
front 57 Aseptic techniques in microbiology are carried out to; | back 57 Prevent contamination of the specific microorganism we are working with |
front 58 Bacteria with spherical morphology are referred to as; | back 58 Coccus |
front 59 If you are using Nigrosin, | back 59 1. quick and easy method to gain information about the presence or absence of capsules or any other layer 2. Acidic stain 3. Heat-fixing 4. indirect stain used for determining bacterial morphology |