front 1 Epidemiology, as defined in this lesson, would NOT include which of the following activities? | back 1 Prescribing an antibiotic to treat a patient with community-acquired methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infection. |
front 2 Methodology of epidemiology studies include: | back 2
"DAE"
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front 3 The best description for epidemiology is | back 3 To study the distribution of disease and health status in the population and the factors that determine the spread of health outcomes |
front 4 In the definition of epidemiology, "distribution" does not refer to | back 4 Why |
front 5 Historically, who is the first epidemiologist? | back 5 Hippocrates |
front 6 Which of the statements is right? | back 6 Epidemiology focuses attention on a population level rather than the individual level |
front 7 Epidemiology focused on the following areas except | back 7 Personal clinical treatment |
front 8 The hallmark feature of an analytical epidemiologic study is | back 8 Use of an appropriate comparison group |
front 9 Point prevalence rate is defined as the number of | back 9 Existing cases at a point of time divided by the population at the point of time |
front 10 There were 7 children who came down with the hand-mouth-foot disease in kindergarten in April. About 1 week later, 5 siblings of these 7 children(out of a total of 10 siblings) developed the hand-mouth-foot disease. The secondary attack rate among siblings was, therefore | back 10 5/10 |
front 11 In a community of 100,000 persons, there are 1000 cases of disease and 200 deaths due to that disease during one year. What is the cause-specific mortality rate for that year? | back 11 200 per 100,000 |
front 12 If there was a new drug that prolongs survival but does not cure a fatal disease, what effect would the drug have on the measures of disease? | back 12 The prevalence of the disease would increase |
front 13 Which of the following mortality rates uses the estimated total mid-year population as its denominator? | back 13 Cause-specific mortality rate |
front 14 What form is called if the continuous occurrence at an expected frequency over a certain period of time and in a certain geographical location? | back 14 Endemic |
front 15 There are three basic elements of epidemic process, including: | back 15
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front 16 Which of the states is NOT the general way to control infectious disease? | back 16 Vulnerable move in |
front 17 Which does NOT belong to the indirect transmission of communicable disease? | back 17 Kissing |
front 18 Which is NOT the advantage of a cross-sectional study? | back 18 Can be used to establish casual relationships |
front 19 Which of the following characteristics do descriptive studies have? | back 19 Describe the characteristics of disease distribution and provide a clue to the cause of the disease |
front 20 Michael hands out a survey to find out the average age and schooling level of his class. What type of research is this? | back 20 Descriptive study |
front 21 A research tried to conduct a survey to estimate a population proportion of smoking from a simple random sample, which of the following is WRONG? | back 21 The higher the estimate of the actual prevalence(P), the larger the sample size |
front 22 Following the state about the disease distribution by person, which is incorrect? | back 22 Gender is one acquired determinant of disease |
front 23 In order to explore the relationship between alcohol drinking and colon cancer, 100 newly diagnosed cases with colon cancer and 200 cases compared with age and gender who come to the clinic for orthopaedic operation are selected to compare their history of drinking, this study design belongs to: | back 23 Case-control study |
front 24 Which one is not the characteristic of case-control study: | back 24 It may calculate the relative risk by comparison of the incidences of two groups |
front 25 Compared with case-control study, one of the advantages of cohort study is | back 25 It clearly demonstrates an appropriate temporal sequence |
front 26 Which of the following bias is NOT mentioned in the case-control study? | back 26 Follow-up bias |
front 27 What kind of case is the best choice in case-control studies | back 27 Incidence case |
front 28 The purpose of matching design in case-control study is to control | back 28 Confounding bias |
front 29 The sensitivity of a screening test is | back 29 The ability of the test to identify correctly those who have the disease |
front 30 How good was the test depends on | back 30
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front 31 The screening is secondary prevention programs that involve early disease detection and intervention | back 31 True |
front 32 A fundamental characteristic of a cohort study is that | back 32 The investigator will designate the subjects to the exposed or unexposed group ad follow them up to see the occurrence of new cases |
front 33 We can use telephone calls or mailed questionnaire during the cohort study follow-up | back 33 True |
front 34 Recall bias can be effectively removed through | back 34 None of the above(i.e. matching, standardization, multivariate analysis, stratification) |
front 35 A fundamental characteristic of cohort study: | back 35 The investigator will designate the subjects to the exposed or unexposed group and follow them to see the occurrence of new cases. |
front 36 In a cohort study the subjects should be selected as follows: | back 36 The exposed and unexposed groups from the population who have not had the outcome disease |
front 37 What type of the comparison group chosen is NOT mentioned in cohort study? | back 37 Confounding group |
front 38 What bias will raise if follow-up is incomplete in cohort study? | back 38 Selection bias |
front 39 Which one is the advantage of a general population cohort? | back 39 It considers a large number of common exposures in relation to a large number of outcomes |
front 40 Assume in a case-control study of the association between occupational exposure to benzene and risk of leukaemia, relative to no exposure, the odds ratios and 95% Cl are low exposure, 1.3(1.0-2.1); moderate exposure, 1.8(1.5-2.4), and high exposure, 2.5(2.0-3.1). Among the following criteria for establishing a causal relationship, the best description is: | back 40 Presence of dose-response relationship |
front 41 The hallmark of analytical epidemiologic study is | back 41 Statistical analysis using logistic regression |
front 42 Which statement is right | back 42 Epidemiology focuses attention at the population level rather than the individual level |
front 43 The occurrence of an illness at a rate above the expected number is called: | back 43 Epidemic |
front 44 Point prevalence rate is defined as the number of | back 44 Existing cases at a point of time divided by the population at that point of time |
front 45 In a community of 100,00 persons, there are 1000 cases of disease and 200 deaths due to that disease during one year. What is the fatality rate during one year? What is the fatality rate for that year? | back 45 200 per 1,000 |
front 46 In the disease hypertension, which is one of the distal factors | back 46 Sport facilities |
front 47 For diabetes, which one belongs to a secondary prevention strategy? | back 47 Early detection |
front 48 To take the "sweet pills" to prevent against polio is | back 48 Primary prevention |
front 49 The first step in conducting an investigation into an epidemic is to: | back 49 Verify the diagnosis |
front 50 The food responsible for an outbreak of gastroenteritis after a dinner party must be determined. If no residue is available for analysis the best advice will come from: | back 50 Determine the attack rates of those who did and did not eat the foods |