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50 notecards = 13 pages (4 cards per page)

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Pre-Labs: 7-11

front 1

Bacteria that must grow in oxygen because their metabolism requires oxygen.

back 1

Obligate aerobes

front 2

Bacteria that have a flexible metabolism for oxygen conditions.

back 2

Facultative anaerobes

front 3

Bacteria that cannot grow in an oxygenated environment.

back 3

Obligate anaerobes

front 4

Many bacteria pathogen have an optimal growth between 35°C and 40°C are classified as:

back 4

Mesophiles

front 5

Which bacteria's colonies change color from white (higher temperature) to red (lower temperature)?

back 5

Serratia

front 6

pH refers to what?

back 6

The concentration of hydrogen ions

front 7

A cell that has fewer solutes than its environment

back 7

Hypotonic

front 8

A cell that has the same solute concentration as its environment

back 8

Isotonic

front 9

A cell that has more solutes than its environment

back 9

Hypertonic

front 10

A microbe such as Halobacterium salinarum thrives in high salt concentration environments is known as

back 10

Obligate halophile

front 11

Antimicrobials are compounds that kill or inhinit

back 11

Any type of microorganisms

front 12

Antibiotics are compounds that kill or inhibit

back 12

Bacteria

front 13

Antivirals are compounds that kill or inhibit

back 13

Viruses

front 14

Penicillin targets ____

back 14

The cell wall

front 15

Bacitracin targets ____

back 15

The cell wall

front 16

Tetracyclines target ____

back 16

Protein synthesis

front 17

Streptomycin targets ____

back 17

Protein synthesis

front 18

Chloramphenicol targets ____

back 18

Protein synthesis

front 19

Substances that inhibit or kill microorganisms but are gentle enough to apply to living tissue are

back 19

Antiseptics

front 20

Chemical agents that are applied to inanimate objects to kill microorganisms are

back 20

Disinfectants

front 21

A substance that has been oxidized has ____ an electron

back 21

Lost

front 22

Fermentation is a form of energy metabolism where the final electron acceptor is

back 22

An organic molecule

front 23

This type of reaction breaks down a molecule using water

back 23

Hydrolysis reaction

front 24

Which test examines protein hydrolysis?

back 24

Casein

front 25

Which test examines the deamination of an amino acid?

back 25

Phenylalanine

front 26

The API20E tests for

back 26

Gram negative bacteria

front 27

The API20E for bacteria that do

back 27

- Oxidation and fermentation

- No oxidation and fermentation

front 28

Which test examines aerobic/anaerobic respiration?

back 28

H2S

front 29

Which test examines protein utilization?

back 29

ADH

front 30

Which test examines carbon utilization?

back 30

SOR

front 31

What is the lowest taxanomic level that 16s rRNA sequence analysis is usefol for identification?

back 31

Genus

front 32

In DNA extraction, the first step is to

back 32

Break the cells open to expose the DNA

front 33

In DNA extraction, the second step is to

back 33

Remove the lipids and proteins

front 34

In DNA extraction, the third step is to

back 34

Precipitate the DNA with alcohol

front 35

Which PCR reagent indicates to the Taq polymerase which part of the DNA should be replicated (amplified)?

back 35

Primers

front 36

Which PCR reagent provides the nucleotide/base pairs that are used by the Taq polymerase to make copies of the DNA target?

back 36

dNTPs

front 37

Which phase of PCR raises the temperature to break the DNA into single strands?

back 37

Denaturation phase

front 38

Which phase of PCR allows for the primers to form hydrogen bonds with the single stranded DNA?

back 38

Annealing phase

front 39

Which phase of PCR uses the Taq polymerase to add complementary nucleotides to the single strand of DNA?

back 39

Extraction phase

front 40

When identifying a bacteria using BLAST, which metric is used?

back 40

Percent identity/similarity

front 41

The E. coli used in this experiment is either resistant to streptomycin or ampicillin. Which type of plasmid is responsible for this trait?

back 41

R plasmid

front 42

The streptomycin resistance gene is located on

back 42

Genome chromosome

front 43

The ampicillin resistance gene is located on

back 43

Plasmid

front 44

The nalidixic acid resistance gene is located on

back 44

Genome chromosome

front 45

Which resistance gene will be transferred during conjugation?

back 45

Ampicillin

front 46

Which strains will grow on the LB plate?

back 46

- E. coli (str)

- E. coli (amp, nal)

- E. coli (str, amp) conjugation strain

front 47

Which strains will grow on the LB + nal plate?

back 47

E. coli (amp, nal)

front 48

Which strains will grow on the LB
+ amp plate?

back 48

- E. coli (amp, nal)

- E. coli (str, amp) conjugation strain

front 49

Which strains will grow on the LB + str plate?

back 49

- E. coli (str)

- E. coli (str, amp) conjugation strain

front 50

Which strains will grow on the LB + amp + str plate?

back 50

E. coli (str, amp) conjugation strain