front 1 ORGANS FORMING THE RESPIRATORY PASSAGEWAYS IN DESCENDING ORDER | back 1
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front 2 CONDUCTING ZONE STRUCTURES | back 2 nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles form a continuous passageway for air to move in and out of the lungs |
front 3 RESPIRATORY ZONE STRUCTURS | back 3 terminal bronchioles and alveoli involved in gas exchange |
front 4 RHINITIS | back 4 inflamed nasal mucosa |
front 5 SINUSITIS | back 5 inflamed sinuses; headache |
front 6 DEVIATED SEPTUM | back 6 nasal septum is significantly displaced to one side, making one nasal air passage smaller than the other |
front 7 WHY IS IT BETTER TO BREATHE THROUGH NOSE THAN MOUTH? | back 7
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front 8 RESPIRATORY MEMBRANE | back 8 Single layer of squamous epithelium
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front 9 TYPE I (SQUAMOUS CELLS) | back 9 Thin layer that is needed for exchange |
front 10 TYPE II (CUBOIDAL CELLS) | back 10
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front 11 LARYNX STRUCTURE | back 11 formed by 9 cartilages: 3 single & 3 paired
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front 12 LUNGS STRUCTURE | back 12 2 lungs occupy large part of thoracic cavity
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front 13 PLEURAE STRUCTURE | back 13 two membranes surround each lung:
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front 14 ALVEOLAR CELLS | back 14
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front 15 SURFACTANTS | back 15 A fluid produced by
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front 16 SURFACTANTS FUNCTION | back 16 to lower the surface tension at the air/liquid interface within the alveoli of the lung |
front 17 FOUR EVENTS OF RESPIRATION | back 17
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front 18 PULMONARY VENTILATION (BREATHING) | back 18 air goes in and out of lungs |
front 19 EXTERNAL RESPIRATION | back 19 gas exchange in lungs between alveolar air and blood |
front 20 TRANSPORT GASES IN BLOOD | back 20 carrying gases between lungs and body tissues |
front 21 INTERNAL RESPIRATION | back 21 gas exchange between blood and tissues |
front 22 DALTON'S LAW OF PARTIAL PRESSURES | back 22 total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases = to the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in the mixture |
front 23 HENRY'S LAW | back 23 A gas will dissolve in a liquid in proportion to its partial pressure ex: bubbles in soda |
front 24 BOYLE'S LAW | back 24 a gas's pressure and volume are inversely proportional |
front 25 INSPIRATION (INHALATION) | back 25 diaphragm muscle contracts -> thoracic cavity expands in superior-inferior direction external intercostal muscles contracts -> rib cages move out and up; thoracic expands in anterior-posterior direction |
front 26 EXPIRATION (EXHALATION) | back 26
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front 27 functional importance of the partial vacuum that exists in the intrapleural space | back 27 the vacuum would stop removing fluids which would fill the pleural cavity up, making it a positive pressure when it is supposed to maintain a neg pressure |
front 28 ATELECTESIS | back 28 Condition in which all or part of your lung becomes airless and collapse |
front 29 PLEURISY | back 29 Inflammation of the pleura, or membranes, of the lungs |
front 30 7 FACTORS INFLUENCE PULMONARY VENTILATION | back 30 no data |
front 31 COPDS | back 31 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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front 32 EMPHYSEMA | back 32 Destruction of alveoli and their permanent enlargement
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front 33 CHRONIC BRONCHITIS | back 33 Inflammation of the airways over a long periods of time
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front 34 ASTHMA | back 34 Cause: airways of lungs to swell and narrow
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front 35 TUBERCULOSIS | back 35 Infection by mycobacterium tuberculosis |
front 36 LUNG CANCER | back 36 Leading cause of cancer death |
front 37 RESPIRATORY RATE | back 37
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front 38 EUPNEA | back 38 Normal breathing |
front 39 4 RESPIRATORY CONTROL CENTERS IN THE BRAIN | back 39 2 in medulla & 2 in pons |
front 40 MEDULLARY RESPIRATORY CENTERS | back 40
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front 41 DORSAL RESPIRATORY GROUP | back 41
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front 42 VENTRAL RESPIRATORY GROUP | back 42
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front 43 PONS RESPIRATORY CENTERS | back 43
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front 44 APNEUSTIC CENTER | back 44
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front 45 PNEUMOTAXIC CENTER | back 45
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front 46 CO2 TRANSPORT IN BLOOD | back 46
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front 47 O2 TRANSPORT IN BLOOD | back 47
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front 48 CHLORIDE SHIFT | back 48 mass movement of chloride ions into the red blood cells, to balance charges |
front 49 CARBONIC ANHYDRASE | back 49 enzyme present in RBCs convert carbondioxide to bicarbonate ions and carbonic acid in lungs |
front 50 BOHR’S LAW | back 50 hemo-oxy break down faster in low pH,high acidity |
front 51 HALDANE’S LAW | back 51 Less Hb saturation with O2 -> more CO2 transport |
front 52 OXYGEN-HEMOGLOBIN DISSOCIATION CURVE | back 52 A graphical representation of the relationship between:
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front 53 DEAD SPACE | back 53 the volume of ventilated air that does not participate in gas exchange |