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57 notecards = 15 pages (4 cards per page)

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NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY

front 1

1. What are some things that pregnant woman might crave if she has pica?

back 1

DIRT, CLAY, LAUNDRY STARCH, BAKIING SODA, OR RICE

front 2

2. What are 3 reasons a pregnant woman would be encouraged to consume adequate carbohydrates?

back 2

glucose for the baby, energy needs,
increase metabolic work load,
growth & tissue building

front 3

3. How many additional oz. of meat and how many additional cups of milk are necessary for to meet a pregnant woman’s protein needs?

back 3

1.5 MEAT, 2 EXTRA CUPS OF MILK

front 4

4. The diet of a vegan pregnant woman should be assessed regarding adequate intakes of which 2 minerals?

back 4

iron & calcium

front 5

. Why is folic acid added to enriched foods regarding a pregnant woman’s diet?

back 5

To decrease risk of neural tube defects in the embryo

front 6

6. What might be a dietary treatment for morning sickness?

back 6

1. AVOID FATTY FOODS 2. EAT FRUITS AND COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES IN SMALL , FREQUENT MEALS 3) CONSUME COLD FOODS RATHER THAN HOT FOODS 4. DRINK LIQUIDS BETWEEN RATHER THA WITH MEALS 5. EAT A HIGH PROTEIN SNACK AT BEDTIME

front 7

. Why do pregnant women sometimes develop gestational diabetes?

back 7

THE BODY INSULIN REQUIREMENT IS GREATLY INCREASED, PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES OF THE PREGNANCY BRINGS OUT THE DISEASE

front 8

. Preeclampsia is characterized by (signs and symptoms)_ headache and edema

back 8

headache and edema

front 9

. If a lactating woman has persistently low intakes of water-soluble vitamins, what might happen to her milk?

back 9

inadequate concentration of milk

front 10

. Why should pregnant women avoid soft cheeses and why should leftover foods as well as ready-to eat foods be cooked until steaming hot?

back 10

TO PREVENT LISTERIA

front 11

. For women with normal BMI’s pregnancy imposes a need for 450 additional kcals per day during the

back 11

THIRD TRIMESTER

front 12

Why should pregnant women, nursing mothers, and young children avoid eating some types of fish? (due to hazard of contamination by what substance)?

back 12

MERCURY

front 13

. How can congenital toxoplasmosis be prevented in the pregnant woman?

back 13

COOK MEAT THROUGHLY
KEEP CAT INDOORS
WEAR GLOVES AND MASK WHEN CHANGING LITER BOX
ALWAYS WASH HANDS

front 14

. Breastfeeding mothers should be taught that newborn babies should nurse frequently and not sleep more than

back 14

4 hours at a time.

front 15

15. What age child should NOT be given low-fat milk routinely?

back 15

UNDER 1 YEAR

front 16

What are 3 foods that more commonly cause allergies in infants?

back 16

Eggs, Milk, Peanuts, Soybean, Wheat

front 17

. Name 3 foods that are not recommended for infants younger than 1 year of age.

back 17

Modified cow’s milk, egg white, wheat , citrus fruits, seafood, chocolate

front 18

By 1 year of age an infant should ----- his or her birth weight.

back 18

TRIPLE

front 19

. Feeding an infant when hungry will help achieve the developmental task of _________.

back 19

TRUST

front 20

In what order should new foods be introduced to an infant?

back 20

BREAST MILK OR FORMULA
CEREAL
VEGETABLES
FRUITS
MEAT

front 21

The food that most often causes choking in infants is_

back 21

Hot dogs

front 22

What are some appropriate foods for a 6-month-old?

back 22

CEREAL
FINGER FOODS
CARROTS STICKE
READY TO EAT CEREAL

front 23

What would be some combinations of foods for the best nutrition for a school-aged child’s lunch?

back 23

PEANUT BUTTER AND JELLY
FRUITS
READY TO EAT CEREALS

front 24

What does breast milk contain that delays the infant’s satiety level until sufficient milk has been taken?

back 24

FAT

front 25

Colostrum is rich in what substances?

back 25

IMMUNO GLOBULINS

front 26

Why should infant foods be discarded if they have been heated and offered but not eaten?

back 26

Possible contamination with salivary enzymes and bacteria

front 27

Why should formula not be heated in a microwave? Heat may be unevenly distributed and continues to build even after the food has been removed from the oven

back 27

Heat may be unevenly distributed
MILK MIGHT BE TO HOT, POTENTIAL TO BURN INFANT

front 28

Why should honey not be given to an infant?

back 28

BOTULISM SPORES,
IF INGESTED THEY BECOME ACTIVE IN THE INTESTINAL TRACT OF INFANTS. UNRECOGNIZED IT CAN LEAD TO RESPIRATORY FAILURE.

front 29

. Why might an infant under 4 months spit out semisolid foods

back 29

STILL HAVE UP AND DOWN MOTION OF THE TONGUE FROM BREAST FEEDING

front 30

What is the most important thing to remember about food allergies?

back 30

CAN BE FATAL

front 31

A major contributor to the growing problem of obesity in children

back 31

LACK OF EXCERCISE

front 32

. The one proven treatment for colic—

back 32

Time

front 33

. Juice for toddlers should be limited to _oz./day

back 33

6

front 34

.How can you tell if a breastfed infant is getting adequate intake?

back 34

AT LEAST 6 WET DIAPERS
4 BOWEL MOVEMENT

front 35

There is about a _% decrease in the amount of kcals needed for each decade past 40 years.

back 35

5%

front 36

Major cause of tooth loss (edentulous) in the elderly---Periodontal Disease

back 36

Periodontal Disease

front 37

The sense of taste diminishes with age as a result of----

back 37

The sense of smell declines

front 38

What aging changes can affect the danger of dehydration in the elderly?

back 38

CONFUSION

front 39

Which nursing home clients are at greatest risk for nutrient deficiencies?

back 39

THE ONES WHO'S UNABLE TO FEED THEMSELVES

front 40

The mineral that is likely to be consumed at less than the RDA or AI levels by majority of adults—

back 40

Calcium

front 41

DEFINE: Xerostomia

back 41

-Dry mouth caused by decreased salivary secretions

front 42

. An elderly client should be assessed for kidney function before beginning what type of nutritional supplement?

back 42

Protein

front 43

A person learning to eat with dentures should try the steps in what order

back 43

LIQUIDS, SOFT FOOD, SOLIDS

front 44

Why are iron and vitamin B12 absorptions likely impaired in the elderly person?

back 44

LESS GASTRIC SECRETION

front 45

An early sign of dehydration in the elderly---

back 45

Confusion

front 46

People over 80 should receive supplements of----- and------ to prevent hip fractures.

back 46

calcium,vitamin D

front 47

Name some recommendations that could bolster nutritional intake in independently living elderly person.

back 47

MILK BASE LIQUID SUPPLEMENTS

front 48

Best retained senses of taste in the older adult---

back 48

Sweet and Sour

front 49

Most effective control against botulism in the US—

back 49

PROPER HOME CANNING

front 50

Most effective means of preventing staphylococcal (bacterial) food poisoning is---

back 50

PROPER HYGIENE
REFRIGERATOR TEMPERATURE @ 41 DEGREES AND BELOW

front 51

What are some measures that may be taken to prevent salmonellosis?

back 51

1. Do not consume raw or undercooked eggs, poultry, or meat 2. Do not eat raw or unpasteurized milk or dairy products, 3. Do not consume any food that has not been properly cleaned, including fruits and vegetables.4. Proper handwashing.

front 52

Salmonella is spread by which contaminated foods? red meat, raw eggs, unpasteurized milk, ground beef and poultry.

back 52

red meat, raw eggs, unpasteurized milk, ground beef and poultry.

front 53

What is trichinosis?

back 53

The infestation of Trichinell spiralis, a parasitic roundworm, transmitted by eating raw or insufficiently cooked pork

front 54

. Define food infection—

back 54

Infection acquired through contact with food or water contaminated with disease producing microorganisms.

front 55

How is Hepatitis A transmitted?

back 55

CONTAMINATED FOOD AND WATER

front 56

Why is it important to identify the cause of food infections or food intoxications?

back 56

TO PREVENT SPREAD OF FOOD INFECTION, OR TOXICATION

front 57

. Name a food that is safe to eat that has mold and which part of the food is safe to eat?

back 57

Natural cheese, once removing the mold, the remainder of the cheese can be eaten.