The first "way station" in the visual pathway from the eye, after there has been partialcrossover of the fibers in the optic chiasma, is the ________.

lateral geniculate body of the thalamus

Seventy percent of all sensory receptors are located in the ________.

eye

Dark adaptation ________.

involves accumulation of rhodopsin

What prevents the eyelids from sticking together when the eyes close?

tarsal gland secretions

Select the correct statement about olfaction.

Some of the sensation of olfaction is actually one of pain.

Taste buds are not found ________.

in filiform papillae

Damage to the medial rectus muscles would probably affect ________.

convergence

An essential part of the maculae involved in static equilibrium is (are) the ________.

otoliths

Which pairing of terms is incorrectly related?

frequency of sound waves: loudness of the sound

The first vestiges of eyes in the embryo are called ________.

optic vesicles

The tarsal plate of the eyelid ________.

is connected to the levator palpebrae

The receptor membranes of gustatory cells are ________.

gustatory hairs

The eye muscle that elevates and turns the eye laterally is the ________.

inferior oblique

Which of the following taste sensations is incorrectly matched to the chemicals that produce it?

umamitriglycerides and fatty acids

Which of the following is not a characteristic of olfactory receptor cells?

They are unipolar neurons.

Which of the following is true about photoreceptors?

Rods absorb light throughout the visual spectrum but confer only gray tone vision.

As sound levels increase in the spiral organ (of Corti), ________.

outer hair cells stiffen the basilar membrane

Information from balance receptors goes directly to the ________.

brain stem reflex centers

Most newborns ________.

often use only one eye at a time

Which statement about malnutrition-induced night blindness is most accurate?

Vitamin supplements can reverse degenerative changes.

What is the main function of the rods in the eye?

vision in dim light

Tinnitus, vertigo, and gradual hearing loss typify the disorder called ________.

Ménière's syndrome

There are three layers of neurons in the retina. The axons of which of these neuron layers form the optic nerves?

ganglion cells

Select the correct statement about equilibrium.

Cristae respond to angular acceleration and deceleration.

Visual processing in the thalamus does not contribute significantly to ________.

night vision

What is a modiolus?

a bone pillar in the center of the cochlea

Visual inputs to the ________ serve to synchronize biorhythms with natural light and dark.

suprachiasmatic nucleus

The only special sense not fully functional at birth is the sense of ________.

vision

Light passes through the following structures in which order?

cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor

The oval window is connected directly to which passageway?

scala vestibuli

Which statement about sound localization is not true?

It requires processing at the cortical level.

Farsightedness is more properly called __________.

hyperopia

Conscious perception of vision probably reflects activity in the ____________.

occipital lobe of the cortex

Visible light fits between ____________.

UV and infrared

Which of the following is not a possible cause of conduction deafness?

cochlear nerve degeneration

Olfactory cells and taste buds are normally stimulated by ______________.

substances in solution

Nerve fibers from the medial aspect of each eye ____________.

cross over to the opposite side at the chiasma

The receptor for static equilibrium is the ___________.

macula

The cells of the retina in which action potentials are generated are the ____________.

ganglion cells

Which of the following structures is not part of the eternal ear?

pharyngotympanic tube

Ceruminous glands are _________.

modified apocrine sweat glands

Ordinarily, it is not possible to transplant tissues from one person to another, yet corneas can be transplanted without tissue rejection. This is because the cornea:

Has no blood supply

Receptors for hearing are located in the __________.

Cochlea

Another name for the primary visual cortex is ___________.

Striate cortex

In the visual pathways to the brain, the optic radiations project to the _____________.

Primary visual cortex

Consists of a pigmented layer and a neural layer.

C

Fluid blockages cause glaucoma.

D

The only tissue in the body that can be transplanted from one person to another with little or no rejection.

B

Blood vessels supply nutrition to all eye layers.

B

Lacks photoreceptors; where optic nerve exits the eye.

E

Acts as a reflexively activated diaphragm to vary pupil size.

C

Holds the retina firmly against the pigmented layer.

E

Contains only cones; provides detailed colored vision.

D

Controls lens shape.

A

Tympanic membrane.

E

Houses organ of Corti.

D

Cochlea.

D

Semicircular canals.

B

Pinna.

A

Balance organ.

B

Horizontal cell.

A

Ganglion cells.

E

Amacrine cell.

D

Bipolar cells.

C