front 1 It is true that polycystic kidney disease is | back 1 genetically transmitted. |
front 2 What reproductive tract disorder is most likely to be associated with urinary stress incontinence? | back 2 Cystocele |
front 3 The condition characterized by oliguria and hematuria is | back 3 acute glomerulonephritis |
front 4 The patient reports persistent pelvic pain and urinary frequency and urgency. She says the pain improves when she empties her bladder. She does not have a fever and her repeated urinalyses over the past months have been normal, although she has a history of frequent bladder infections. She also has a history of fibromyalgia and hypothyroidism. Based on her history and complaints, her symptoms are characteristic of | back 4 interstitial cystitis. |
front 5 The most common type of renal stone is | back 5 calcium |
front 6 The normal post-void residual urine in the bladder is | back 6 less than 100 mL. |
front 7 A patient with renal disease is at risk for developing uremia as the nephrons progressively deteriorate, because | back 7 GFR declines. |
front 8 The most common cause of ischemic acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in the United States is | back 8 sepsis |
front 9 Detrusor muscle overactivity can be improved by administration of | back 9 botulinum toxin. |
front 10 Anemia in people who have end-stage chronic renal disease is caused by | back 10 decreased secretion of erythropoietin. |
front 11 If acute tubular necrosis (ATN) does not resolve and continued tubular dysfunction ensues, the patient will then experience | back 11 polyuria and sodium wasting. |
front 12 What problem is a patient likely to experience in end-stage renal disease? | back 12 Uremia |
front 13 Vesicoureteral reflux is associated with | back 13 recurrent cystitis. |
front 14 A patient being treated for acute tubular necrosis (ATN) develops mild polyuria. The nurse responds to questions about why this occurring by stating | back 14 “His renal tubules are recovering, so he is making more urine, but he is not able to concentrate urine well, because he is not fully recovered.” |
front 15 The most helpful laboratory value in monitoring the progression of declining renal function is | back 15 serum creatinine. |
front 16 The majority of penile cancer cases are classified as basal cell carcinoma. | back 16 False |
front 17 A 52-year-old female had a surgical procedure in which the breast, lymphatics, and underlying muscle were removed. The procedure performed was a | back 17 radical mastectomy |
front 18 One of the most frequent causes of chronic kidney disease is | back 18 hypertension. |
front 19 Infection by ________ accounts for nearly half of all reported cases of vulvovaginitis. | back 19 Candida albicans |
front 20 The infection frequently associated with development of postinfectious acute glomerulonephritis is | back 20 throat infection. |
front 21 The individual at highest risk of pyelonephritis who requires monitoring for signs of its occurrence is the | back 21 man who has chronic urinary tract infections. |
front 22 Renal insufficiency occurs when _____ of the nephrons are not functional. | back 22 75% to 90% |
front 23 The disorder characterized by a neurologic lesion that affects bladder control is | back 23 neurogenic bladder |
front 24 Sudden, severe testicular pain is indicative of | back 24 testicular torsion |
front 25 A primary laboratory finding in end-stage chronic renal disease is | back 25 increased serum creatinine. |
front 26 Nephrotic syndrome does not usually cause | back 26 hematuria |
front 27 Glomerular disorders include | back 27 nephrotic syndrome. |
front 28 Which condition is caused by a genetic defect? | back 28 Polycystic kidney disease |
front 29 The defining characteristic of severe acute kidney injury is | back 29 oliguria. |
front 30 A patient, age 3, has vesicoureteral reflux. “Why does that make him have so many bladder infections?” asks his mother. The nurse’s best response is | back 30 “When he urinates, urine runs back toward his kidneys and then into the bladder again, making it easy for bacteria to grow if they reach the bladder.” |
front 31 The oliguric phase of acute tubular necrosis is characterized by | back 31 fluid excess and electrolyte imbalance. |
front 32 The urea-splitting bacteria contribute to the formation of ________ kidney stones. | back 32 struvite |
front 33 The difference between stress incontinence and urge incontinence is that stress incontinence | back 33 is caused by a pelvic floor muscle problem, whereas urge incontinence is caused by a problem with the detrusor muscle |
front 34 Gastrointestinal drainage, perioperative and postoperative hypotension, and hemorrhage may all contribute to renal failure by causing | back 34 acute tubular necrosis. |
front 35 The main clinical manifestation of a kidney stone obstructing the ureter is | back 35 renal colic. |
front 36 The most frequent initial symptom of bladder cancer is | back 36 hematuria. |
front 37 The most common types of uterine tumors are known as | back 37 leiomyomas |
front 38 Sexual impotence is rarely because of | back 38 primary causes |
front 39 Hypotension is both a cause of chronic kidney disease and a result of chronic kidney disease. | back 39 False |
front 40 Scrotal pain in males and labial pain in females may accompany renal pain as a result of | back 40 associated dermatomes |
front 41 The patient most at risk for postrenal acute kidney injury is a(n) | back 41 elderly patient with hypertrophy of the prostate. |
front 42 A person is unaware that his bladder is full of urine, but complains that he is leaking urine almost constantly. The most accurate term for this type of incontinence is | back 42 overflow. |
front 43 The risk for contrast media-induced acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is highest in | back 43 a 70-year-old patient with heart failure. |
front 44 It is true that fibrocystic breast disease | back 44 may be exacerbated by methylxanthines |
front 45 Nephrotic syndrome involves loss of large amounts of ________ in the urine | back 45 protein |
front 46 The direct cause of stress incontinence is | back 46 pelvic muscle weakness. |
front 47 The most common cause of urinary obstruction in male newborns and infants is urethral valves. | back 47 True |
front 48 Cryptorchidism is | back 48 associated with an increased incidence of testicular cancer. |
front 49 Calcium oxylate stone formation is facilitated by | back 49 hypercalciuria. |
front 50 Uterine prolapse is caused by a relaxation of the | back 50 cardinal ligaments |
front 51 The condition associated with end-stage chronic renal disease that is the most immediately life threatening is | back 51 hyperkalemia. |
front 52 The urinalysis finding most indicative of cystitis includes the presence of | back 52 nitrites. |
front 53 A change occurring in a pregnant woman that is indicative of a potential disorder is | back 53 increased urinary protein. |
front 54 Endometriosis is a condition in which | back 54 ectopic endometrial tissue is present |
front 55 Excessive vomiting in pregnant women is known as | back 55 hyperemesis gravidarum. |
front 56 The effect on the renal tubules during the postoliguric phase of acute tubular necrosis involves | back 56 regeneration of the renal tubular epithelium. |
front 57 Postrenal acute kidney injury may be caused by | back 57 bilateral kidney stones. |
front 58 A patient who reported a very painful sore throat 3 weeks ago is now diagnosed with acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. When asked, "Why is my urine the color of coffee?", the nurse responds | back 58 "Your immune system was activated by your sore throat and has caused some damage in your kidneys that allows red blood cells to leak into the fluid that becomes urine and make it coffee-colored." |
front 59 Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is caused by | back 59 absent or diminished levels of progesterone |
front 60 The pathophysiologic basis of acute glomerulonephritis is | back 60 an immune complex reaction |
front 61 A major modifiable risk factor for nephrolithiasis is | back 61 dehydration |
front 62 The greatest risk factor for bladder cancer is | back 62 smoking. |
front 63 A patient diagnosed with a micropenis must be evaluated for | back 63 endocrine disorders. |
front 64 Appropriate therapy for prerenal kidney injury includes | back 64 fluid administration |
front 65 The most common agent resulting in nephrotoxicity and subsequent acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in hospitalized patients is | back 65 contrast media. |
front 66 A ureterocele is | back 66 a cystic dilation of a ureter. |
front 67 The major cause of glomerulonephritis is | back 67 immune system damage to the glomeruli. |
front 68 Pelvic floor muscle training is appropriate for | back 68 urge incontinence. |
front 69 Treatment of a uterine prolapse may involve the insertion of a(n) ________ to hold the uterus in place. | back 69 pessary. |
front 70 A patient who has difficulty walking without assistance is incontinent of urine when help doesn’t get to her quickly enough. The term for this type of incontinence is | back 70 functional. |
front 71 The direct cause of stress incontinence is | back 71 pelvic muscle weakness |
front 72 The most common sign/symptom of renal calculi is | back 72 pain |
front 73 Cervical cancer can be detected in the early, curable stage by the ________ test. | back 73 Papanicolaou |
front 74 Signs consistent with a diagnosis of glomerulonephritis include | back 74 proteinuria. |
front 75 Urinary retention with consistent or intermittent dribbling of urine is called | back 75 overflow incontinence |
front 76 Osteoporosis commonly occurs in patients with end-stage renal disease because of | back 76 hyperparathyroidism |
front 77 The most common cause of urinary obstruction in male newborns and infants is urethral valves. | back 77 true |
front 78 A breast lump that is painless, hard, and unmoving is most likely | back 78 carcinoma |
front 79 The condition in which the urethra opens on the dorsal aspect of the penis is known as | back 79 epispadias |
front 80 The condition characterized by oliguria and hematuria is | back 80 acute glomerulonephritis |
front 81 A common component of renal calculi is | back 81 calcium. |