Print Options

Card layout: ?

← Back to notecard set|Easy Notecards home page

Instructions for Side by Side Printing
  1. Print the notecards
  2. Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
  4. Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
  1. Verify Front of pages is selected for Viewing and print the front of the notecards
  2. Select Back of pages for Viewing and print the back of the notecards
    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal and vertical dotted line
To print: Ctrl+PPrint as a list

218 notecards = 55 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

A&P H A2

front 1

Skin responsible for finger prints?

back 1

Dermal papillae

front 2

What type of synovia joint is the elbow?

back 2

Hinge

front 3

Where is blood produced in infants after birth?

back 3

Red bone marrow

front 4

What structure is a ball and socket joint?

back 4

Shoulder

front 5

What are macromolecules genetic code carried on?

back 5

Nucleotide

front 6

What cavity of heart has the thickest wall?

back 6

Left ventricle

front 7

What are like cells grouped together called?

back 7

Tissue

front 8

Which type of skin cancer can be recognized in lesion character based on the ABCD rule?

back 8

Melanoma

front 9

What contributes phagocytes in white blood cells?

back 9

Lysosomes

macrophages

neutrophils

front 10

Which organ is part of male reproductive system and urinary system?

back 10

Urethra

front 11

Which structure regulates the transport substances in and out of the cell?

back 11

Cell Membrane

front 12

What is function of thrombocytes?

back 12

Blood clot

front 13

Which bones are formed by intramembranous ossification?

back 13

Flat bones of skull

front 14

Where does digestive begin in digestive system?

back 14

Oral cavity

front 15

Urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs are found in which cavity?

back 15

Pelvic

front 16

Which anatomic structure houses the malleus, incus, and stapes?

back 16

Ear

front 17

Anaerobic respiratory can lead to a burning sensation caused by which molecules?

back 17

Lactic Acid

front 18

What do ceruminous gland secretes?

back 18

Ear wax

front 19

Which muscle of quadriceps famous group lies on the side surface of lower extremity?

back 19

Vastus Lateralis

front 20

Which structure is located on sternum?

back 20

Xiphoid bone

front 21

Which of the following hormones decreases the concentration of blood glucose?

back 21

insulin

front 22

Which structure controls the hormones secreted by the pituitary gland?

back 22

hypothalamus

front 23

How much of a female’s blood volume is composed of red blood cells?

back 23

40%

front 24

Which type of cholesterol is considered to be the best for health?

back 24

HDL

front 25

Where are the vocal cords located?

back 25

larynx

front 26

Where does gas exchange occur in the human body?

back 26

alveoli

front 27

What mineral is responsible for muscle contractions?

back 27

Calcium

front 28

In which of the following locations would the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs be found?

back 28

Pelvic cavity

front 29

What separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?

back 29

Diaphragm

front 30

Which of the following epithelial types is correctly matched with its major function?

back 30

Simple columnar epithelium—secretion or absorption

front 31

A tissue examined under the microscope exhibits the following characteristics: cells found on internal surface of stomach, no extracellular matrix, cells tall and thin, no blood vessels in the tissue. What type of tissue is this?

back 31

Epithelial

front 32

Nerve tissue is composed of neurons and connective tissue cells that are referred to as which of the following?

back 32

Neuroglia

front 33

Which tissue serves as the framework of the body by providing support and structure for the organs?

back 33

Connective

front 34

What is the basic unit of life and the building block of tissues and organs?

back 34

Cell

front 35

What is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood through the alveoli called?

back 35

External respiration

front 36

In order for inhalation to occur, what must happen?

back 36

Contraction of the diaphragm, which enlarges the chest cavity and draws air into the lungs

front 37

Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood does which of the following?

back 37

It is converted to bicarbonate ions by carbonic anhydrase within red blood cells

front 38

How does the trachea remain open like a hollow tube?

back 38

Supporting cartilaginous rings keep it open.

front 39

The stomach muscle churns and mixes food, turning the mass into a soupy substance called which of the following?

back 39

Chyme

front 40

Which type of cell division takes place in the gonads?

back 40

Meiosis

front 41

In what area of the body would you expect to find an especially thick stratum corneum?

back 41

Heel of the foot

front 42

Which of the following proteins is produced by cartilage?

back 42

collagen

front 43

Which component of the nervous system is responsible for lowering the heart rate?

back 43

parasympathetic nervous system

front 44

Which type of substance breaks down to form urea?

back 44

protein

front 45

What is the name for a joint that can only move in two directions?

back 45

hinge

front 46

In which of the following muscle types are the filaments arranged in a disorderly
manner?

back 46

smooth

front 47

What are the glands of skin that produce a thin, watery secretion?

back 47

Eccrine glands

front 48

Skin aids in maintaining the calcium and phosphate levels of the body by participating in the production of which of the following?

back 48

Vitamin D

front 49

Which of the following are functions of the skeletal system? (Select all that apply.)
A. Support the body
B. Hemopoiesis
C. Conduct impulses
D. Provide protection

back 49

A. Support the body
B. Hemopoiesis
D. Provide protection

front 50

The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the middle region of the humerus. What is he describing?

back 50

Diaphysis

front 51

You have been given a sample of tissue that has open spaces partially filled by an
assemblage of needlelike structures. What is the tissue?

back 51

Spongy bone

front 52

The heart has an intrinsic beat that is initiated by which of the following?

back 52

Sinoatrial node

front 53

Vasodilation and vasoconstriction result from which of the following?

back 53

Relaxation and contraction of smooth muscle in the arterial wall

front 54

Which of the following is the blood vessel where exchanges take place between blood and the cells of the body?

back 54

Capillary

front 55

What is the function of aldosterone?

back 55

It conserves sodium in the body.

front 56

All the nutrients that enter the hepatic portal vein are routed where for decontamination?

back 56

Liver

front 57

Which of the following bones is the only moveable bone of the skull?

back 57

Mandible

front 58

Which mineral is responsible for regulating fluid in the body?

back 58

Sodium

front 59

Why are skeletal muscles also called voluntary muscles?

back 59

They are under conscious control.

front 60

All actions of the nervous system depend on the transmission of nerve impulses over which of the following?

back 60

Neurons

front 61

Motor or neurons transmit nerve impulses away from the CNS

back 61

Efferent

front 62

Jeffery has contracted bulbar poliomyelitis, and it has affected the medulla oblongata. The doctors warned the family that his condition is grave and death may be imminent. What functions of the medulla oblongata have warranted such a dire prognosis?

back 62

The medulla oblongata contains vital centers that control heart action, blood vessel diameter, and respiration.

front 63

What are chemical messengers that control growth, differentiation, and the metabolism of specific target cells called?

back 63

Hormones

front 64

Which of the following are tropic hormones? (Select all that apply.)
A. Somatotropin
B. Follicle-stimulating hormone
C. Antidiuretic hormone
D. Thyroid-stimulating hormone

back 64

A. Somatotropin
B. Follicle-stimulating hormone
D. Thyroid-stimulating hormone

front 65

Which leukocytes are correctly matched with their function or description? (Select all that apply.)
A. Monocytes—become macrophages
B. Basophils—the most common type of WBC
C. Lymphocytes—important in immune response
D. Neutrophils—phagocytize microorganisms

back 65

A. Monocytes—become macrophages
C. Lymphocytes—important in immune response
D. Neutrophils—phagocytize microorganisms

front 66

Which are the functional units of the kidney?

back 66

Nephrons

front 67

What are the two functions of the male and female sex organs?

back 67

Production of gametes and production of hormones

front 68

In men, spermatozoa develop within the _______ of each testis.

back 68

Seminiferous tubules

front 69

Testicular activity is under the control of which hormone(s)?

back 69

Both FSH and LH

front 70

Which hormone initiates the preparation of the endometrium of the uterus for pregnancy?

back 70

Estrogen

front 71

During pregnancy, what organ produces the hormones that maintain the endometrium and prepare the breasts for milk production?

back 71

Placenta

front 72

What is the name of the structure that prevents food from entering the airway?

back 72

epiglottis

front 73

Which substance makes up the pads that provide support between the vertebrae?

back 73

cartilage

front 74

How many different types of tissue are there in the human body?

back 74

four

front 75

What is the name of the outermost layer of skin?

back 75

epidermis

front 76

Which hormone stimulates milk production in the breasts during lactation?

back 76

prolactin

front 77

Which of the following structures has the lowest blood pressure?

back 77

vein

front 78

Which of the heart chambers is the most muscular?

back 78

left ventricle

front 79

Which part of the brain interprets sensory information?

back 79

cerebrum

front 80

How much air does an adult inhale in an average breath?

back 80

500 mL

front 81

Which type of cell secretes antibodies?

back 81

plasma cells

front 82

Which force motivates filtration in the kidneys?

back 82

blood pressure

front 83

Which structure of the nervous system carries action potential in the direction of a
synapse?

back 83

axon

front 84

Where is the parathyroid gland located?

back 84

neck

front 85

What is the name of the process in the lungs by which oxygen is transported from the air to the blood?

back 85

diffusion

front 86

What are the chemical substances that prevent a sharp change in the pH of a fluid
when an acid or a base is added to it

back 86

Buffer

front 87

What do T-lymphocytes do?

back 87

Defend the body against microbes

front 88

Which structure produces T-lymphocytes?

back 88

Thymus

front 89

Which structure produces B-lymphocytes?

back 89

Red bone marrow

front 90

What is the function of Eustachian tube?

back 90

Equilibrates pressure between the middle ear and external environment

front 91

What physiological response occurs when epinephrine and non-ephedrine

back 91

Blood is directed toward the heart, skeletal muscles and brain

front 92

Which of the following is a structure found in the upper respiratory system?

back 92

Pharynx(throat). It includes nose (nostrils), nasal cavity, mouth, and larynx
(voice box).

front 93

The structure in the lower Respiratory System includes:

back 93

Trachea, primary bronchi and lungs

front 94

Calcaneus is located in what part of the body?

back 94

Foot

front 95

Dorsiflexion plantar flexion are types of joint movement that are associated with
which part of the body?

back 95

Foot

front 96

A person who has damage to their ulnar nerve will have decreased sensation in which area?

back 96

Arm – inability to abduct hands and fingers

front 97

The ankle ____ is to the knee

back 97

distal

front 98

Posterior means what part of the body?

back 98

The back

front 99

Which bones are located in the forearm?

back 99

Ulna and Radius

front 100

Which bone dose not articulate with any other bone?

back 100

Hyoid – is a U-shape bone in the neck that supports the tongue

front 101

Which of the following elements is necessary for muscle contraction?

back 101

Calcium

front 102

Diet is important because bone are storage places for?

back 102

Calcium and phosphorous

front 103

What female reproductive organ produces oocytes, estrogen, progesterone?

back 103

Ovaries

front 104

Which layer of the cutaneous membrane are nerve endings located

Where is the nerve ending close to the skin?

back 104

Dermis

front 105

Which bones are formed first by intramembrous ossification?

back 105

Flat bones of skull

front 106

Ligaments provides with connection?

back 106

Bone to bone

Tendon -muscle to bone

front 107

Sprain occurs when there is a tear in which structure?

back 107

Ligament muscle/ankle/shoulder

front 108

Why are tendons and ligament most likely to be slow in healing following an injury?

back 108

Lack of blood supply/because these connective tissues are avascular.

front 109

Compact tissue with Haversian canals is classified as what type of tissue?

back 109

Bone

front 110

What structure conducts urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder?

back 110

The tube between kidney and urinary bladder)
Ureter

front 111

As part of the negative feedback system, which type of cell is stimulated to resorb
bone matrix in response to a decrease in calcium in the blood?

back 111

Osteoclasts

front 112

Sweat on the skin's surface cools the body through which process?

back 112

Evaporation

front 113

A Client has large pituitary tumor. The nurse knows that this tumor exists in which
part of the body?

back 113

Head hurt, sickness, low blood pressure

front 114

Which anatomical structure houses the malleus, incus, and stapes?

back 114

Skull ear

front 115

Ceruminous glands secrete

back 115

Ear wax/ Cerumen

front 116

What is the function of the Sebaceous gland?

back 116

To produce sebum or oil

front 117

The nurse explains to a client that the stomach is lined by which type of membrane?

back 117

Mucous {The respiratory system is lined with a mucous membrane that secret
mucus}

front 118

The mediastinum is located within which cavity?

back 118

Thoracic

front 119

What effects do serotonin has on neurotransmitters?

back 119

Involved with mood, sleep, appetite and anxiety

front 120

What does antidiuretic hormone act on?

back 120

Helps to control blood pressure by acting on the kidneys and the blood
vessels. /Regulates and balances the amount of water in the body

front 121

The occipital region is located in which part of the body?

back 121

Head (at the back)/ lower part of the cranium

front 122

In white blood cells what contributes to phagocytosis?

back 122

Macrophages, neutrophils

front 123

Thrombocytes (platelets)

back 123

smallest type of blood cell important for blood clotting.
When bleeding occurs it swell, clump together and form sticky plug that helps stop the bleeding.

front 124

Which blood element carries oxygen

back 124

Erythrocytes (Red blood cells)

front 125

Which structure carries oxygen to the cells?

back 125

Hemoglobin

front 126

Blood cell formation

back 126

Hemopoiesis {Blood cells is also called hematopoietic cell,
hemocyte or hematocyte. The three main types of blood cells are Platelets
(thrombocytes), Red blood cells (erythrocytes) and White blood cells (leukocytes) -
basophil, neutrophil, eosinophil, lymphocytes and monocytes}.

front 127

Which gland is commonly known as the "Master Gland"?

back 127

Pituitary Gland

front 128

What epidermal derivative is involved in temperature homeostasis?

back 128

Eccrine gland- regulates temperature

front 129

Which statement are true about bone?

back 129

Osteoblast, epiphyseal, diaphysis

front 130

What internal structure of the ear is concerned with hearing?

back 130

Cochlea

front 131

Which structure of the gastrointestinal tract controls the movement of content from small intestine to the large intestine?

back 131

Ileocecal valve

front 132

What are the divisional regions of the large intestine (colon)?

back 132

Cecum, transverse colon, sigmoid colon.

(cecum-ascending-transverse-descending-sigmoid colons)

front 133

Where in the human body are nutrients absorbed?

back 133

Small intestine (Small intestine is made up of three segment – Duodenum,
Jejunum, and ileum).

front 134

Ossification begins during what?

back 134

Embryonic development

front 135

Fertilization occurs in the?

back 135

Oviduct

front 136

. Fertilization of an ovum occurs in which anatomical structure?

back 136

Fallopian tubes

front 137

Which term is used to describe the waist bones/area?

back 137

Carpal

front 138

An over-production of cerumen (earwax) can accumulate in which area?

back 138

External ear canals

front 139

The mitral value is located between which two structures?

back 139

Left ventricle & Left atrium (Tricuspid – right ventricle and right atrium)

front 140

The olfactory nerves are associate in which sense?

back 140

Smell

front 141

Which of the special senses respond to chemical?

back 141

Taste and olfaction

front 142

Which vessel brings blood from the lungs to the heart?

back 142

Pulmonary vein

front 143

What vessel carries blood from the body to the heart?

back 143

Vena cava

front 144

Which hormone(s) is/are produced by the ovaries?

back 144

Estrogen & progesterone (Men – Estrogen and testosterone)

front 145

Two principles divisions that makeup nervous system?

back 145

Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

front 146

The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the distal region of the
humerus. What area is he describing?

back 146

Epiphysis

front 147

Which term is used to describe movement of the arms and legs away from midline of the body?

back 147

Abduction- arm away from the body (Adduction- arm towards the body’s
midline)

front 148

Which part of the body do you check for carotid pulse

Structure provides a pulse reading in the neck?

back 148

Carotid Artery

front 149

What is the primary function of the hemoglobin (blood)?

back 149

Carry oxygen

front 150

What stimulates the chemoreceptors to function?

back 150

rise in CO2; Fall in O2 (increase in blood pressure)

front 151

Which condition causes a client to say "I can't see far away"?

back 151

Nearsightedness

front 152

What organ produces insulin?

back 152

Pancreas

front 153

When drawing blood from antecubital region which blood vessel is used to obtain
blood?

back 153

Brachial vein (Median cubital)

front 154

What hormone induces growth of pubic and axillary hair at puberty?

back 154

Testosterone and estrogen

front 155

Increase in rate of depth of breath results in what blood PH change?

back 155

Alkalosis

front 156

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

back 156

(Regulate body temperature)
Regulate function of body, balance and thermoregulatory

front 157

The passive movement of molecules or particles along a concentrated gradient or
from a region of higher concentration to a lower concentration is called

back 157

Diffusion /
Filtration is the process by which water and solutes are forced through a membrane or
capillary wall by fluid or hydrostatic pressure

front 158

High levels of which ion would most likely result in a cardiac arrest?

back 158

Potassium

front 159

What blood vessel perfuses the kidney?

back 159

Renal vein

front 160

The skin is the largest organ of the body. What gives the skin its color?

back 160

Melanin

front 161

What is the outer most protective layer of the skin?

back 161

Epidermis

(the inner layer of the skin is dermis- composed of fibrous
connective tissue with blood vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles and
glands)

front 162

The organ of corti is located in?

back 162

Ear

front 163

The rough endoplasmic reticulum functions in the human cell to?

back 163

Synthesize proteins

front 164

Tissue repair is enhanced by a diet high in?

back 164

Protein

front 165

What is the definition of chyme?

back 165

Partly digested food! The result of action by the stomach. (the thick, wet mass
of partly digested food that leaves the stomach)

front 166

What are hormones?

back 166

Chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands that controls or
coordinates the activities of other tissues

front 167

What cellular process helps to move debris and mucous through the lining of tubules?

back 167

Cilia

(An epithelial cell that other goes circle of movement is cilia)

front 168

Which is a hollow organ?

back 168

Gall bladder (heart, stomach)

front 169

Which muscle is included in the quadriceps femoris group?

back 169

Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, Vastus intermedius

front 170

Which of the following location would the urinary bladder & internal reproductive
organ be found?

back 170

Pelvic region/cavity

front 171

Which part of the brain attaches to spinal cord?

back 171

Medulla oblongata

front 172

Which structure is responsible for normal respiratory function?

back 172

Medulla oblongata – it controls breathing

front 173

T4 is controlled by what?

back 173

Thyroid

front 174

What gland is located on the anterior surface of the trachea?

back 174

Thyroid Gland

front 175

Function of ADH

back 175

reabsorption of water

front 176

Which hormone is produced by the posterior pituitary gland?

back 176

ADH and Oxytocin

front 177

Which hormone is produced by the anterior pituitary gland?

back 177

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) {also includes – TSH, LH, ACTH,
Growth Hormone and PRL}

front 178

What female hormone stimulate the development of Graafian follicles?

back 178

FSH

front 179

What occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulation is increased?

back 179

Blood pressure rises, goose bumps

front 180

What part of the body is the buttock- dorsal. / The buttock is on which surface of the body?

back 180

Posterior body surface

front 181

The esophagus is located in which body cavity?

back 181

Thoracic

front 182

The tympanic membrane is located between which structures?

back 182

External auditory canal and middle ear

front 183

What is the end result of meiosis?

back 183

23 chromosomes

front 184

How many days is the average menstrual cycle?

back 184

28 days

front 185

Urinary system in the human body primary task is to?

back 185

Expel waste

front 186

What is the function of the phrenic nerve?

back 186

Innervates the diaphragm

front 187

What does vitamin D do to the skin?

back 187

Vitamin D contributes to skin cell growth,
repair, and metabolism.

front 188

Which of the following produce progesterone to prepare the uterus for pregnancy?

back 188

Corpus luteum

front 189

Which antibodies are found in the plasma of type A blood?

back 189

Anti B

front 190

Which antibodies are found in the plasma of type AB blood?

back 190

Neither A or B

front 191

What encloses the heart?

back 191

Pericardium

front 192

Where is the tibialis anterior muscle located?

back 192

Lower leg

front 193

How many carb per gram do carbohydrates contain?

back 193

4

front 194

Where is the pulmonary ossification center located?

back 194

Diaphysis

front 195

Which of the following best describes a capillary?

back 195

Location for gas and nutrient exchange

front 196

Which one increases angle at the joint?

back 196

Extensor

front 197

What are the four basic tissue types?

back 197

Connective, Epithelium, Nervous, Muscle.

front 198

Order of organization of living things:

back 198

Organelle, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms,
populations, communities, ecosystem, and biosphere

front 199

What is the function of aldosterone in the kidneys, when it is secreted?

back 199

It conserves sodium in the body

front 200

What does lymphatic system do?

back 200

Filter lymph, remove debris.

front 201

What structure of the eye picks out color?

back 201

Retina

front 202

What is the transparent portion of the fibrous layer of the eye?

back 202

Cornea

front 203

The basic unit of life and the building block of tissue/organism

back 203

Cell

front 204

The study of tissues/cells –

back 204

Histology

front 205

What characteristic best describe dermis?

back 205

Structure and strength

front 206

Osteoblast –

back 206

Cells that form compact bone

front 207

broken humerus adolescent: classified as a

back 207

Proximal fracture or a shaft fracture.

front 208

The enzymes that regulates all chemical reactions within the body –

back 208

Proteins

front 209

chemical messengers that control the growth, differentiation, and
metabolism of specific target cells

back 209

Hormones

front 210

Causes of ear infection in children?

back 210

It is the length of the Eustachian tube. (Kids have shorter Eustachian tube).

front 211

Herpes is a viral infection usually characterized by

back 211

Skin eruption

front 212

Function of trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles?

back 212

Warm and moisten air before it enters the lungs

front 213

Which subdivision of autonomic nervous system operates using the
neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine?

back 213

Sympathetic Nervous System

front 214

transmit nerve impulses toward the CNS

back 214

Sensory neurons (afferent)

front 215

neurons transmit nerve impulses away from d CNS
towards the organs such as muscles, glands, &digestive organs

back 215

Motor (efferent)

front 216

What part of the male reproduction produce most of the semen?

back 216

Seminal Vesicle

front 217

Produce most of the sperm

back 217

Seminiferous Tubules

front 218

It is very cold… shivering? What muscle is involved?

back 218

Skeletal muscle