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Human Anatomy & Physiology

front 1 1.Art-based Question During which event of hemostasis do clotting factors (procoagulants) assist with the transformation of blood from a liquid to a gel? A B C D	back 1 D
front 2 2.Hemostasis is important for __________. stoppage of bleeding white blood cell production red blood cell production red blood cell recycling	back 2 stoppage of bleeding
front 3 3.Which step in hemostasis involves activation of formed elements in the blood? vascular spasm coagulation platelet plug formation fibrin production	back 3 platelet plug formation
front 4 4.Which of the following represents a difference between extrinsic and intrinsic blood clotting pathways? One is triggered by tissue damage, while the other cannot be triggered by tissue damage. One involves calcium ions, while the other does not. One is faster than the other. One leads to the production of prothrombin activator and the other does not.	back 4 One is faster than the other.

front 5 5.Which of the following would NOT lead to a bleeding disorder? thrombocytopenia vitamin K deficiency impaired liver function excess calcium in the diet	back 5 excess calcium in the diet
front 6 6.A person who lacks agglutinogen A but has agglutinogen B would have blood type __________. AB B O A	back 6 B
front 7 7.Choose the incompatible transfusion. Donate type B blood to a recipient with type O blood. Donate type A blood to a recipient with type AB blood. Donate type B blood to a recipient with type AB blood. Donate type O blood to a recipient with type AB blood.	back 7 Donate type B blood to a recipient with type O blood.
front 8 8. Which ABO blood type is considered to be the universal recipient? O A AB B	back 8 AB

front 9 9.Art-based Question Identify the leukocytes in the figure in order. eosinophil, neutrophil, monocyte, basophil, lymphocyte monocyte, eosinophil, lymphocyte, lymphocyte, neutrophil neutrophil, basophil, eosinophil, monocyte, lymphocyte neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, lymphocyte, monocyte	back 9 neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, lymphocyte, monocyte
front 10 10.From which cell do the granulocytes descend? myeloblast monoblast promonocyte lymphoid stem cell	back 10 myeloblast
front 11 11.On a blood smear slide prepared using Wright's stain, you observe a large cell with a U-shaped nucleus and pale blue cytoplasm. This cell is most likely a(n) __________. basophil monocyte eosinophil lymphocyte	back 11 monocyte
front 12 12.Which type of leukocyte is responsible for antibody production? basophils monocytes eosinophils lymphocytes	back 12 lymphocytes

front 13 13.Which of the following does NOT stimulate erythrocyte production? testosterone hyperventilating a drop in normal blood oxygen levels erythropoietin	back 13 hyperventilating
front 14 14.Which of the following are primary lymphoid organs? lymph nodes and tonsils bone marrow and thymus appendix and spleen spleen and thymus	back 14 bone marrow and thymus
front 15 15.Which of the following areas in a secondary lymphoid organ allows intimate contact between blood and the lymphocytes? germinal centers of the lymph nodes white pulp of the spleen red pulp of the spleen Hassall’s corpuscles of the thymus	back 15 white pulp of the spleen
front 16 16-Where in the lymph node do the T cells first encounter antigens presented by dendritic cells? medullary cords in the medulla lymphoid follicles of the outer cortex germinal centers of the cortex deep in the cortex	back 16 deep in the cortex

front 17 17.Collections of lymphoid tissues, called MALT, are strategically placed throughout the respiratory, digestive, and genitourinary systems. Which one of these is located at the end of the small intestine? Peyer’s patches appendix tonsils	back 17 Peyer’s patches
front 18 18.There is a decrease in our ability to fight infection as we age. Which lymphoid organ may have a role in this decline? spleen thymus lymph nodes	back 18 thymus
front 19 19.Besides lymph nodes, where would you expect to find proliferating (dividing) B cells? in the brain in the thyroid in the skin in the spleen	back 19 in the spleen
front 20 20. Which of the following mechanisms is NOT used to propel lymph through lymphatic vessels? small heart-like pumps gravity the milking action of muscles pulmonary motion	back 20 small heart-like pumps

front 21 21. Adjacent cells in lymphatic capillaries overlap each other loosely. What is the unique structural modification that increases their permeability? lacteals minivalves fibroblasts trabeculae	back 21 minivalves
front 22 22.Which of the following promotes closure of the minivalves associated with lymph capillaries? increasing pressure in the interstitial space anchoring of endothelial cells to adjacent structures by collagen fibers increasing pressure inside the lymph capillary inflammation of tissues surrounding lymphatic capillaries	back 22 increasing pressure inside the lymph capillary
front 23 23. Lymph from what regions of the body is drained into the right lymphatic duct? the left upper limb, the left side of the head and thorax, and both lower limbs the right upper limb, the right side of the head, and the thorax the right upper limb, the right side of the head and thorax, and the right lower limb the digestive organs and lower limbs the right upper limb, the right side of the head, and the	back 23 thorax
front 24 24.What is the name of the enlarged sac to which the lumbar trunks and the intestinal trunk return lymph? cisterna chyli thoracic duct lacteals right lymphatic duct	back 24 cisterna chyli

front 25 25.What region of the lymph node contains follicles filled with dividing B cells? hilus cortex subcapsular sinus medulla	back 25 cortex
front 26 27.Which lymph cells produce antibodies? dendritic cells macrophages plasma cells reticular cells	back 26 plasma cells
front 27 27. Which statement describes the origin of lymph fluid? Lymph is collected from atrial to venous anastomoses. Lymph is secreted into the lymph vessels. Lymph is collected from fluid that accumulates in veins as blood slowly circulates back toward the heart. Lymph is excess fluid formed from plasma that accumulates in the tissues as interstitial fluid.	back 27 Lymph is excess fluid formed from plasma that accumulates in the tissues as interstitial fluid.
front 28 28. Where are the three large clusters of superficial lymph nodes? the cervical, acromial, and mammary regions the axillary, brachial, and subclavian regions the lumbar, inguinal, and femoral regions the cervical, inguinal, and axillary regions	back 28 the cervical, inguinal, and axillary regions

front 29 29.Once collected, lymph ultimately drains into __________. lymph nodes arterial circulation venous circulation the liver for detoxification	back 29 venous circulation
front 30 30. Art-based Question Which lymphoid organ extracts aged and defective blood cells and platelets from the blood in addition to storing some of the breakdown products for later reuse? A B C D	back 30 C
front 31 31.Which of the following is a role of lymph nodes? They produce red blood cells. They return lymph to circulation. They filter lymph. They produce lymph.	back 31 They filter lymph.
front 32 32.Which part of the spleen is the site of immune function? splenic sinusoids red pulp white pulp splenic cords	back 32 white pulp

front 33 33. After surgical removal of the spleen (i.e., a splenectomy), some other organs take over most of its functions. Which of the following spleen functions in the adult can not be performed by bone marrow? immune surveillance erythropoiesis removal of aged and damaged red blood cells from the blood storage of platelets	back 33 removal of aged and damaged red blood cells from the blood
front 34 34. Which of the following lymph organs is NOT matched with its function? thymus: mature T cells Peyer's patches: mature B cells bone marrow: form lymphocytes spleen: remove red blood cells	back 34 Peyer's patches: mature B cells
front 35 35. Peyer's patches are mucosa-associated lymph tissue located in the __________. wall of the small intestine spleen wall of the colon liver	back 35 wall of the small intestine
front 36 36-The muscular layer in the wall of a blood vessel is the tunica intima. tunica externa. tunica media. tunica interna.	back 36 tunica media.

front 37 37-Compared to arteries, veins are more elastic. have more smooth muscle in their tunica media. have a pleated endothelium. have thinner walls.	back 37 have thinner walls.
front 38 38-Capillaries that have a complete lining are called continuous capillaries. fenestrated capillaries. sinusoidal capillaries. sinusoids.	back 38 continuous capillaries.
front 39 39-The smallest arterial branches are called the precapillary arterioles. arterioles. capillaries. venules.	back 39 precapillary arterioles.
front 40 40-The layer between the tunica media and the tunica externa in a large artery is the tunica intima. external elastic membrane. tunica media. internal elastic membrane. tunica externa.	back 40 external elastic membrane.

front 41 41-The thoroughfare channel ends at the artery. arteriole. capillary. venule. vein.	back 41 venule.
front 42 42-Which of the following layers of a vessel contains collagen fibers with scattered bands of elastic fibers? tunica intima external elastic membrane tunica media internal elastic membrane tunica externa	back 42 tunica externa
front 43 43-After blood leaves the capillaries, it enters the arteries. arterioles. capillaries. venules. veins.	back 43 venules.
front 44 44-Which layer of a blood vessel contains concentric sheets of smooth muscle tissue? tunica intima external elastic membrane tunica media internal elastic membrane tunica externa	back 44 tunica media

front 45 45-The large vessels that return blood to the heart are called arteries. arterioles. capillaries. venules. veins.	back 45 veins.
front 46 46-11. In large arteries, the thick layer of elastic fibers is called the tunica intima. external elastic membrane. tunica media. internal elastic membrane. tunica externa.	back 46 internal elastic membrane.
front 47 47-Which of the following is the innermost layer of a blood vessel? tunica intima external elastic membrane tunica media internal elastic membrane tunica externa	back 47 tunica intima
front 48 48-Venoconstriction ________ the amount of blood within the venous system, which ________ the volume in the arterial and capillary systems. doubles; decreases reduces; increases decreases; doubles increases; reduces reduces; reduces	back 48 reduces; increases

front 49 49-Venous valves are responsible for preventing anterograde flow. channeling blood away from the heart. channeling blood toward the heart. preventing blood from re-entering a ventricle. regulating blood pressure in veins.	back 49 channeling blood toward the heart.
front 50 50-Venae cavae are the largest of what type of vessel? artery arteriole capillary venule vein	back 50 vein
front 51 51-The layer of the arteriole wall that can produce vasoconstriction is the tunica adventitia. tunica media. tunica intima. tunica externa. tunica mater.	back 51 tunica media.
front 52 52-Of the following arteries, the one that is an elastic artery is the subclavian artery. the external carotid artery. the brachial artery. the femoral artery. the ulnar artery.	back 52 the subclavian artery.

front 53 53-Which of the following lumen diameters would be typical of a muscular artery? 0.2 mm 1.0 cm 0.4 mm 0.4 cm 0.5 cm	back 53 0.4 cm
front 54 55-Which vessel is known as a resistance vessel? arteriole elastic connective muscular venule	back 54 arteriole
front 55 55-The main control of peripheral resistance occurs in the arterioles. venules. veins. arteries. capillaries.	back 55 arterioles.
front 56 56-Resistance is a force that increases blood flow. decreases blood flow. never changes in a blood vessel. acts with pressure to move blood along a vessel. is always higher than blood pressure.	back 56 decreases blood flow.

front 57

57-Total peripheral resistance is related to all of the following, except the
length of a blood vessel.
osmolarity of interstitial fluids.
turbulence.
blood viscosity.
blood vessel diameter.

back 57

osmolarity of interstitial fluids.