front 1 What are the 2 methods of obtaining a blood sample? | back 1 Skin Puncture: (finger prick, ear, heel) Venipuncture: syringe in the vein |
front 2 What are the 4 components of blood? | back 2 Plasma Erythrocytes Leukocytes Thrombocytes |
front 3 Erythrocyte | back 3 red blood cell carries oxygen lives about 120 days contains hemoglobin concave shape |
front 4 Leukocytes | back 4 white blood cells agranulocytes granulocytes fight infection , protection |
front 5 Thrombocytes | back 5 platelets aid in blood clotting small fragments |
front 6 Plasma | back 6 the liquid portion of blood contains water, salts, proteins, hormones, fats and minerals |
front 7 Erythropoietin | back 7 hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells |
front 8 hematopoiesis | back 8 formation of blood cells |
front 9 hematocrit | back 9 blood test that identifies the volume of packed red blood cells 3 layers: RBC, buffy coat (platelets and WBC) and plasma Plasma usually 55%, buffy coat <5%, RBC 40% |
front 10 Low hematocrit | back 10 less than normal % of RBC Could indicate anemia |
front 11 High Hematocrit | back 11 higher than normal % of RBC could indicate Polycythemia dehydration |
front 12 Hemolysis | back 12 disintegration of red blood cells |
front 13 Hemoglobin | back 13 pigment in RBC that carries oxygen contains iron normal level 12-18 grams/100 mL blood |
front 14 Blood Smear | back 14 a blood test that puts a thin layer of blood on a microscope slide and examines the cells Should see high amount of RBC, few WBC and platelets |
front 15 antigen | back 15 protein on the surface of a cell |
front 16 antibody | back 16 protein that is in the plasma reacts to antigen for immune response |
front 17 ABO Blood Group System | back 17 Type A Type B Type AB Type O |
front 18 Type A blood | back 18 has A antigens Has B antibodies Can receive type A and O blood |
front 19 Type B Blood | back 19 has B antigens has A antibodies Can receive type B and O blood |
front 20 Type AB blood | back 20 has A and B antigens no antibodies Can receive A, B , AB and O blood Universal recipient |
front 21 Type O blood | back 21 has NO antigens has A and B antibodies Can only receive type O blood Universal Donor |
front 22 Chem Panel | back 22 blood test that looks at organ function and health through chemical analysis include glucose levels, calcium, sodium , cholesterol, etc. |
front 23 CBC | back 23 blood test that analyzes the cellular and liquid components of blood |
front 24 Agglutination | back 24 clumping of the blood (antibody/antigen interaction) |
front 25 glucose | back 25 most common type of sugar in the body normal levels 70-100 mg/dL |
front 26 Insulin | back 26 the hormone that allows for uptake and metabolism of glucose |
front 27 hyperglycemia | back 27 high blood sugar levels |
front 28 hypoglycemia | back 28 low blood sugar levels |
front 29 glycosuria | back 29 glucose in the urine abnormal |
front 30 Types of Blood Glucose Tests | back 30 Fasting Blood Sugar ( after 8 hour fast) Glucose Tolerance Test (checks glucose metabolism over time) Glycohemoglobin Test (A1C, checks glucose levels over 2-3 month period) |
front 31 Diabetes mellitus | back 31 body produces insufficient amount of insulin high blood sugar levels (over 126 mg/dL multiple times) |
front 32 Urinalysis | back 32 examination of urine by way of physical, chemical or microscopic testing |
front 33 Physical observations of Urine | back 33 color: slight shade of yellow odor: foul-infection, sweet or fruity-ketone, diabetes transparency: clear specific gravity volume |
front 34 polyuria | back 34 excessive urination |
front 35 oliguria | back 35 abnormally small amount of urine production |
front 36 anuria | back 36 no urine production |
front 37 Chemical Urinalysis | back 37 pH protein glucose ketone bilirubin blood |
front 38 Microscopic testing of Urine | back 38 looks for cells, casts, crystals best to look right away |
front 39 Specific Gravity | back 39 the weight or mass of a substance compared with the weight or mass of an equal amount of distilled water (normal 1.005 to 1.030) Low specific gravity: dilute urine: kidney disease, high fluid intake High specific gravity: concentrated urine: diabetes, dehydration |