B and T cells are

A. tonsils.

B. lymphocytes.

C. lymph nodes.

D. antibodies.

B. lymphocytes

What is the effect of a massive release of histamine?

A. jaudice

B. anemia

C. thrombosis

D. wheezing and hypotension

D. wheezing and hypotension

What is the name of severe hypersensitivity reaction?

A. cyanosis

B. immunocompetence

C. autoimmunity

D. anaphylaxis

D. anaphylaxis

You had measles as a child. Which of the following best describes your immunity to measles?

A. artificially acquired active immunity

B. artificially acquired passive immunity

C. naturally acquired passive immunity

D. naturally acquired active immunity

D. naturally acquired active immunity

An allergen is a(n)

A. antibody.

B. macrophage.

C. lymphokine.

D. antigen.

C. lymphokine

A booster

A. increases antibodies to an antigen.

B. stimulates the liver to detoxify antigens

C. kills a pathogen.

D. conveys passive immunity.

A. increases antibodies to an antigen

A severe anaphylactic reaction causes death by

A. renal failure

B. respiratory obstruction

C. bleeding.

D. infection.

B. respiratory obstruction

Which of the following is the treatment of choice for an anaphylactic reaction?

A. a bronchoconstricting agent

B. gamma globullin

C. epinephrine

D. histamine

C. epinephrine

Which of the following represents specific immunity?

A. inflammation

B. interferons

C. natural killer cells

D. B and T cells

D. B and T cells

Redness, heat, swelling, and pain are indicative of

A. hypersensitivity reaction.

B. anaphylaxis.

C. inflammation.

D. autoimmune disease

C. inflammation

Phagocytosis

A. is a function only of the T cell

B. is a form of specific immunity.

C. does not require a specific antigen.

D. is mediated through antibodies.

C. does not require a specific antigen

IgE, IgA, IgM, and IgG are

A. antigens.

B. interferons.

C. antibodies.

D. complement proteins.

C. antibodies

This cell engages in cell-to-cell combat.

A. erythrocyte
B. platelet
C. B cell
D. T cell

D. T cell

Which of the following are most associated with plasma cells and antibodies?

A. neutrophils
B. eosinophils
C. B cells
D. T cells

C. B cells

Which of the following is (are) most related to antibody-mediated immunity?

A. tears
B. saliva
C. sneezing
D. plasma cells

D. plasma cells

Which of the following cells engulfs the pathogen to achieve "antigen presentation"?

A. a red blood cell
B. a macrophage
C. antibodies
D. vaccines

B. a macrophage

Which of the following is classified as killer, helper, suppressor, and memory?

A. granulocytes
B. T cells
C. antibodies
D. vaccines

B. T cells

Which of the T cells destroys pathogens by punching holes in their cell membrane and secreting lymphokines?

A. killer T cells
B. helper T cells
C. suppressor T cells
D. memory T cells

A. killer T cells

Because antibodies are carried by the blood, this type of immunity is also called

A. immunotolerance.
B. cell-mediated immunity.
C. humoral immunity.
D. autoimmunity.

C. humoral immunity

Which cells secrete a lymphokine that stimulates both T and B cells?

A. platelets
B. killer T cells
C. erythrocytes
D. helper T cells

D. helper T cells

A vaccine

A. is a gamma globulin.
B. conveys active immunity.
C. contains antibodies.
D. is the same as an antitoxin

B. conveys active immunity

These T cells do not participate in the destruction of the pathogen, but allow for a more rapid response if the antigen is presented at a later time.

A. killer T cells
B. suppressor T cells
C. thrombocytes
D. memory T cells

D. memory T cells

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) produces severe impairment of the immune system by attacking these cells.

A. plasma cells
B. suppressor T cells
C. helper T cells
D. platelets

C. helper T cells

Which of the following conditions is most common in people with AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)?

A. anaphylaxis
B. autoimmune diseases
C. infections
D. hypertension

C. infections

Which of the following is most associated with a low plasm level of antibodies?

A. the "booster" response
B. the primary response
C. an autoimmune response
D. anaphylaxis

B. the primary response

What is the term that refers to the level of antibodies in your blood?

A. T cell count
B. titer
C. white blood cell count
D. hematocrit

B. titer

Which of the following indicates why you will not get chickenpox as an adult if you were infected as a child?

A. naturally acquired passive immunity
B. naturally acquired active immunity
C. artificially acquired active immunity
D. artificially acquired passive immunity

B. naturally acquired active immunity

Binding of the bee venom allergen to antibodies on the mast cells causes a massive release of which substance?

A. vaccine
B. histamine
C. bilirubin
D. intrinsic factor

B. histamine

Which of the following is most related to the placental transfer of antibodies from the mother to the fetus?

A. naturally acquired active immunity
B. naturally acquired passive immunity
C. artificially acquired active immunity
D. artificially acquired passive immunity

B. naturally acquired passive immunity

What is the term that refers to the use of dead or attenuated pathogens to stimulate antibody production?

A. immunotolerance
B. autoimmunity
C. immunization
D. inflammation

C. immunization

What is the name of the toxin that has been altered so that it is harmless, yet still antigenic?

A. vaccine
B. antibody
C. gamma globulin
D. toxoid

D. toxoid

The purpose of vaccination is to provide an initial exposure to an antigen to stimulate the formation of

A. killer T cells
B. complement
C. anaphylaxis
D. memory cells

D. memory cells

A breastfed infant is initially immune to the same diseases as her mom. Which of the following describes the infant's immunity?

A. naturally acquired passive immunity
B. naturally acquired active immunity
C. artificially acquired active immunity
D. artificially acquired passive immunity

A. naturally acquired passive immunity

Which of the following is characterized by a local tissue response to T cell activity?

A. anaphylaxis
B. wheezing, edema, and hypotension
C. contact dermatitis
D. immunotolrance

C. contact dermatitis

Which of the following is true of activation of mast cells?

A. causes the release of epinephrine
B. is necessary for T-cell activation
C. prevents the development of anaphylaxis
D. causes the release of histamine

D. causes the release of histamine

Which group is incorrect?

A. first line of defense: skin, mucous membrane, tears, sneezing
B. specific immunity: B cells, T cells
C. mechanical barriers: skin, mucous membrane
D. chemical barriers: tears, saliva, stomach acid, B cells, T cells

D. chemical barriers: tears, saliva, stomach acid, B cells, T cells

Which group is incorrect?

A. mechanical barriers: skin, mucous membrane
B. protective proteins: interferons, complement proteins
C. nonspecific immunity: inflammation, NK cells, fever, T cells
D. signs of inflammation: redness, heat, swelling, pain

C. nonspecific immunity: inflammation, NK cells, fever, T cells