Observation: Alkane + bromine water (in sunlight)

Orange bromine water is slowly decolourised

Observation: Alkene + bromine water

Orange bromine water is rapidly decolourised

Observation: Alkene + acidified potassium permanganate solution

Purple potassium permanganate solution is decolourised

Observation: Amine and
(1) damp red litmus
(2) damp green UI paper

(1) turns from red to blue
(2) turns from green to blue

Observation: Carboxylic acid and
(1) damp blue litmus
(2) damp green UI paper

(1) turns from blue to red
(2) turns from green to orange

Observation: Carboxylic acid and Mg metal

Bubbles of colourless gas

Observation: Carboxylic acid and sodium hydrogen carbonate

Bubbles of colourless gas

Observation: Alkene + potassium permanganate solution (not acifdified)

Purple potassium permanganate solution forms a brown precipitate

Observation: Alcohol heated with acidified potassium permanganate solution

Purple potassium permanganate solution is decolourised

Observation: Alcohol heated with acidified potassium dichromate solution

Orange potassium dichromate solution turns green

Observation: Alkane, alkene or alkyne is added to water

Two layers form (immiscible)

Observation: Hydrocarbon burns with complete combustion

No soot, clean blue flame

Observation: Hydrocarbon burns with incomplete combustion

Soot, dirty orange-yellow flame

Observation: Haloalkane is added to water

Cloudy when shaken or two layers form (immiscible)

Observation: Alkyne + bromine water

Orange bromine water is rapidly decolourised