The RNA that has an anticodon and attaches to a specific amino acid is ________ RNA

Transfer

Water may move through membrane pores constructed by transmembrane proteins called ________.

Aquaporins

________ is the division of the cytoplasmic mass into two parts.

Cytokinesis

The metabolic or growth phase of a cell life cycle is called ________.

Interphase

Aerobic cellular respiration occurs in the ________.

Mitochondria

The most common extracellular ion is ________.

Sodium

The process of discharging particles from inside a cell to the outside is called ________.

Exocytosis

A red blood cell would swell if its surrounding solution were ________.

Hypotonic

Describe two important functions of the Golgi apparatus.

To modify, sort, and package proteins.

Why can we say that a cell without a nucleus will ultimately die?

Without a nucleus, a cell cannot make proteins, nor can it replace any enzymes or other cell structures (which are continuously recycled). Additionally, such a cell could not replicate.

What processes maintain a steady state "resting" membrane potential?

Both diffusion and active transport mechanisms operate within the cell membrane to maintain a resting membrane potential.