Lab 21
3 embryonic regions of the brain
prosencephalon, mesencephalon, and rhombencephalon
prosencephalon
forebrain
mesencephalon
midbrain
rhombencephalon
hindbrain
surround brain
meningess
dura mater
superficial, tense ct surround brain and has projections that extend into the brain
The right and left cerebral hemispheres are separated from each other by
The cerebellum is _________________ to the cerebrum.
what structure of the brain makes up 85% of brain volume?
What is the brain structure that is described as a 3 millimeter layer of gray matter that houses neural cell bodies and acts as a computer?
Damage to what area of the frontal lobe results in preservation of word comprehension but compromised word formation?
The cardiac, vasomotor, and respiratory centers are found in
the medulla oblongata.
From superficial to deep, the meninges occur in this order:
The right and left cerebral hemispheres are separated from each other by
the longitudinal fissure.
Which of the meninges is between the outer and inner meninges?
Arachnoid mater
largest region of the brain
forebrain
forebrain consists of
cerebrum and diencephalon
smallest region of the brain
midbrain
between the forebrain and hindbrain
midbrain
the midbrain is made up of
pons, the medulla oblongata, and cerebellum
connects to the spinal cord at the level of the foramen magnum
hindbrain
olfactory
recieves sensory info from the nose
optic
recieves sensory info from the eyes
oculomotor
transmits motor info to move eye
trochlear
transmits motor info to move eye
trigeminal
transmits both info to head
abducens
motor to move eye
facial
recieves sense info from tongue and motor info to the head muscles
vestibulocochlear
receives sense info from abdomen, thorax, neck, and root of the tongue;
transmits motor info to pharynx, larynx, controls autonomic heart functions, digestive organs, spleen, and kidneys
accessory
motor nerve to the muscles of the neck that move neck
hypoglossal
motor nerve to the tongue
Wernicke's area
used in the formation of speech or language
occipital lobe
serves as the primary visual area of the brain
located between the occipital lobe and the cerebellum is
transverse fissure
olfaction
sense of smell
broca area
motor speech area
brocas area is on the
left side of the brain, frontal
lateral fissure (sulcus)
separates the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal
primary auditory cortex
interprets hearing impulses sent from the inner ear
justation
sense of taste
rostral
anterior
caudal
posterior
85% of brain
cerebrum
motor formation
cerebellum
separates 2 cerebral hemisphere
longitudinal fissure
"brain bark", layer of gray matter with extensive folds to increase surface area
cerebral cortex
gyri
ridges
sulci/ fissure
depression
has myelinated axons
white matter
gray matter contains
neural cell bodies
pia mater
in direct contact with the brain
dura mater
dense ct, periosteal layer then meningeal layer
what has direct contact with meninges
cranial bones
cerebrospinal fluid
clear liquid fills ventricles and canals and bathes the brain's external surface
buoyancy
floats brain so its neutrally buoyant
protection
cushions from hitting inside of skull
chemical stability
rinses away wastes
voluntary motor functions and areas for planning, mood and social judgement
frontal
sensory reception & integration sensory info
parietal
visual
occiptal
hearing, smell, learning, memory, emotional behavior, taste
temporal
posterior border
central sulcus
transverse sulcus
separates cerebellum from occipital and parietal
latral sulcus
separates cerebellum from everything else
left cerebral hemisphere
language and reasoning
right cerebral hemisphere
space/ pattern perception, artistic awareness, imagination, and music comprehension
cerebral hemispheres are connected by
corpus callosum