during which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

interphase (sinthesis phase)

during which phase of the cell cycle is the nucleus divided?

telephase G2

DNA is organized and arranged in the nucleus as?

chromosomes

during which stage of the cell cycle do the chromosomes appear in the form of chromatin?

telophase

the process by which the DNA code is converted from a single gene into a complementary single strand of mRNA is?

transcription

once an RNA molecule has been transcribed from DNA, it enters the cytoplasm of the cell where it is used by the cell to produce a?

protein

during DNA replication the "original" DNA serves as a template for synthesis of the new strand because?

it can conclude more quickly.

during DNA replication, complementary nucleotides are added to the seperated strands of the original DNA by enzymes. which of the following bases would nucleotide contain if it were paired to a nucleotide containing thymine?

adenine

if during DNA replication, a nucleotide is skipped on the template, this may result in?

mutation

mutations in our DNA rarely impair normal cell function because?

some mutations are repaired by repair enzymes

embryo splitting is a type of cloning in which an egg is fertilized in vitro and?

produces genetically identical offspring that are different from either parent.

the mRNA produced initially by transcription is larger than the "functional" version because?

the primary transcript is reduced in size as intron are excised

how many codons are are in the following sequence of nucleotides

AAAUGCUCGUAA

4

the process of initiation elongation and termination that occur in the production of a protein are all associated with?

translation

induced pluripotent stem cells are derived?

skin or blood cells

a codon is?

the three base sequence on a messenger RNA molecule that provides the code for a specific amino acid in protein synthesis.

it is evident that translation occurs at ribosomes because they contain binding sites for?

mRNA AND tRNA

know the diagrams of the mitosis cell cycle

interphase,- on left side prophase, both sides metaphase-in middle, anaphase,-starting to pull apart more telophase,- on either end cytokinesis - completely divided

chromosomes begin to shorten and condense during which of the stages of the cell cycle?

prophase

mitosis differs from meiosis in that mitosis...

mitosis creates two daughter cells instead of four

at the end of meiosis I, the chromosomes in the cells are described as?

4 daughter cells

cloning of human cells for the purpose of treating a patient is referred to as?

therapeutic cloning

the process by which cells become specialized from one another is called.

differentiation

therapeutic cloning differs from reproduction cloning in that therapeutic cloning involves?

cloning cells or tissues for the purpose of treating disease