science
when did Louis Pastuer make his discovery
mid 1800's
what is Genus
Classification grouping that contains similar, closely related organisms.
what do living organisms need to survive
Food, Water, Living space, and stable internal conditions.
what are autotrophs
organisms that make their own food
heterotrophs:
organisms that obtain energy from eating other organisms
how much of your blood is made of water
90%
what can sometimes lead to competition over space for animals
water
when our environment changes, our body needs to be able to______
keep our internal conditions stable
homeostasis
the maintenance of stable internal conditions
ex.) when you are hot you sweat to cool down your body
organisms:
term for living things
what are the qualifications for living organisms
-cellular organization
-contain similar chemicals
-use energy
- respond to their surroundings
- grow and develop
- reproduce
all organisms are made of___
cells
cell:
the basic unit of structure and function in an organism
unicellular:
single-celled organisms
multicellular
organisms composed of many cells
cells are made of___
chemicals
the most abundant chemical is___
water
what are the building blocks of cells
proteins and lipids
what is the genetic material of cells
nucleic acids
metabolism:
combination of chemical reactions that take place for an organism to build up or break down materials.
stimulous:
a change in an environment that causes an organism to react.
growth
the process of becoming larger
development
process of change that occurs during an organisms life, becoming more complex
asexual
only involves one organism to reproduce identical offspring
classification
the process of grouping things based on similarities
levels of classification
-domain
-kingdom
-phylum
-class
-order
-family
-genus
-species
spontaneous reproduction
that living things can arise from non living sources.
when did Francesco Redi help disprove spontaneous reproduction
in the 1600s
sexual
involves the two parents to combine their genetic material to produce offspring that differs from the parents.
was Franciso's experiment enough to disprove spontaneous generation
no
taxonomy
the scientific study of how organisms are classified
what did Rosie Laybourne do
invented a way to classify birds by using a tiny peice of a feather
what was Francesco's experiment
a series of tests that are identicle in every respect exept one factor
what did Carolus Linneus do
created a system of naming organisms called binomial nomenclature
what is the first word and second word in an organisms name
First- genus
secind-species
species
a group of similar organisms that can mate together
domain bacteria
members are prokaryotes- unicellular organisms who's cells lack a nucleus
nucleus
a dense area of nucleic acids that direct cell activity
domain archaea
members are procaryotes and different from bacteria in their structure of their cells, allowing them to live in harsh environments
Domain Eukarya
members are eukaryotes- organisms with cells that contain nucleus: we and most organisms can see fall under domain eukarya
what did Robert Hooke do
built a compound microscope
cell theory-
all living things are made of cells and that cells come from other cells
who were the Jansen brothers
were the first to invent the microscope
what did Leeuwenhoek do
made many advancements in the design and use of microscopes
who was Schleiden
concluded that cells are the basic units for both plants and animals
what did Virchow do
he was a policeman and doctor, concluded that cells come from other cells
how are cells classified
based on whether or not they they have nucleus
eukaryotic cells-
cells that have nucleus
procaryotic cells:
cells that do not have a nucleus
magnifying glass consists of___
a convex lens
convex lens
the center that is thicker than its edge
resolution
degree to which two separate structures that are close together can be extinguished
compound microscpope
magnification using two lens at once
resolution improves as__
magnification increases
electro microscopes
use a beam of electron instead of light to produce a magnified image
genus
classification grouping that contains similar, closely related organisms
what are the two parts of a habitat
biotic and abiotic
biotic factors
parts of a habitat that are living, or once living, and interact with an organism
abiotic factors
nonliving parts of an environment
populations
all members of one species living in a particular area
community
all the different populations that live together in an area
ecosystem
the community of organisms in a particular area, along with their non-living environment
most microscopes we use are__
light microscopes
how did Roxie's work help engineers
helped them design engines to reduce bird collisions