Anatomical Position

the human standing erect, face forward, with feet parallel and arms hanging at the side, with palms facing forward

Supine Position

The patient is laying face upward

Prone Position

the patient is laying face downward on the stomach

Trendelenburg position

the head of the bed is lower than the patients feet

Trendelenburg position

this position is used to help move secretions from various regions of the patients lungs

Fowlers position

the patient is sitting in the bed with head of the bed elevated

Fowlers Position

this position is often used to facilitate breathing and for comfort of bedridden patients while eating or talking S

Superior

(Cranial or Cephalic)

towards the head or upper body

Inferior

Caudal

means away from the head or toward the lower part of the body

Anterior

Ventral

refers to body parts toward or on the front of the body

Posterior

Dorsal

body parts toward or on the back of the body

Medial

refers to body pars located near the middle or midline of the body

Lateral

Refers to body parts located away from the midline( or on the side) of the

Lithotomy Position

a common position for surgical procedures and medical examination of the pelvis, lower abdomen, and reproductive organs

Lithotomy Position

patients are placed on their back with feet elevated

Dorsal Recumbent

patient lying on their back with their knees flexed and feet flat on the table or bed

Dorsal Recumbent

This position is used for some surgical procedures and examinations of the vagina or rectum

Seated Position

position used for obtaining medical history

High Flowers position

90 degree

Examination of the head, neck and upper body

Semi-Fowlers position

45 degree

Post- surgical exams; patients with breathing difficulties or lower back injuries

Sims position

Rectal, perineal, and pelvic exams; rectal temperatures; enemas

Proximal

body parts closest to a point of reference of the body

distal

body parts further away from a point of reference

External

on the outside

internal

structures on the insde

Superficial

toward or at the bodys surface

Deep

away from the bodys surface

central

locations near the center of the body

(torso and head)

peripheral

the extremities

( arms and legs)

Cyanosis

a condition of blush-colored skin that is usually the result of low levels of oxygen in the blood

Transverse plane

(Horizontal Plane)

dividing the body into superior and inferior sections, this can also be called cross sectioning the body

Cross sectioning is often done with

tissue and organ samples to so that internal structures can be examined

Median Plane

Midsagittal Plane

divides the body into right and left halves, runs exactly down the middle

Sagittal Plane

Divides the body into right and left halves that DO NOT have to be equal can be anywhere left or right of the midline

Frontal Plane

Coronal Plane

divides the body into anterior(ventral) and posterior(dorsal) sections

X-rays

are a form of high energy radiation that penetrates the body and gives a two-dimensional view of the bones, air, fluid and tissues in the body

Two large cavities that house and protect organs

the dorsal(posterior) cavity and the ventral(anterior) cavity

The thoracic cavity contains the

heart, lungs, and large blood vessels

The heart has its own cavity called the

pericardial cavity

The abdominopelvic cavity contains the

digestive organs, such as the stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen in the superior or abdominal portion

Pelvic Cavity

Inferior portion

contains the urinary and reproductive organs and the last part of the large intestine

Posterior Cavity

consists of the cranial cavity, which houses the brain

and the spinal cavity(vertebral cavity) which contains the spinal cord

Nasal cavity

space behind the nose

oral cavity(buccal cavity)

space within the mouth

orbital cavity

houses the eyes

Right upper quadrant houses the

RUQ

Liver, Kidney, Colon, Pancreas, Gallbladder

Left Upper Quadrant houses the

LUQ

Liver, spleen, left kidney, stomach, colon, pancreas

Right Lower Quandrant

RLQ

Colon, small intestine, major artery and vein to the right leg, Ureter, Appendix

Left Lower Quadrant

LLQ

Colon, small intestine, Major artery and vein to the left leg, ureter

Midline Area

Aorta, Pancreas, Small intestine, Bladder, Spine