Functions of the Integumentary System

D vitamin synthesis

Elimination of wastes through perspiration
Regulation of body temperature through perspiration
Makes information about the environment available to the brain
Acts as a barrier to moisture loss, harmful light rays, and invasion of microbes

Structures of the Integumentary System

Epidermis and Dermis

Epidermis:

Thin outer layer of skin (what we see) that is avascular.

Dermis:

A thick layer under the epidermis.

Subcutaneous adipose tissue

a layer composed of fat that serves as insulation and cushioning, under the dermis layer.

Keratin

protein, the primary component of non-living cells that makes up the epidermis.

In embryology, dermatome refers to:

a layer in early human development that gives rise to the dermal layers of the skin.

In surgery, a dermatome

an instrument used to cut thin slices of skin for grafting.

In anatomy and physiology

a dermatome refers to the skin surface area innervated (supplied) by a spinal nerve.

Accessory skin structures:

hair, nails, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands.