What did John Locke and Jean Rousseau support in early American Government

Social Contract Theory

Force theory

Through warfare (MOST COMMON)!!!!!

Evolutionary theory

Nations evolved from families. Families joined to form clans, clans joined to form tribes, and tribes joined together to form nations.

Divine right theory

The Power of ruler comes from God. Popular in Europe during the 17th & 18th centuries.

Social Contract theory

Impacted us (the U.S.) the most. Theory suggests that the nation exists to serve the people.

What effect did the French and Indian War have on the U.S. Government?

England won and became the supreme power, which influenced the US

Know the 3 basic ideas of government that we got from England.

1. Representative Government (Officials are elected by the people.)

2. Limited Government (Government is subject to the law.)

3. Ordered Government

Magna Carta

Trial by jury and due process of law were both guaranteed in the signing of this document in 1215.

English Bill of Rights

This outlined specific constitutional and civil rights and ultimately gave Parliament free speech and power over the monarchy--Parliamentary Privilege.

Petition of Rights

This sought recognition of the following principles: no taxation without the consent of Parliament, no imprisonment without cause. It was the first law in England to limit the rights of the king.

Federalist 51

Addresses means by which appropriate checks and balances can be created in government and also advocates a separation of powers within the national government.

What were Ben Franklin and George Washington known for contributing to the Constitutional Convention?

Franklin - "Peace maker"

Washington - President

Why was England in New World?

Came to colonize

Why was France in New World?

Came due to the fur trade

Why was Spain in New World?

Came looking for golds/silver/fountain of youth

What is the difference in unicameral and bicameral?

unicameral - having a single legislative chamber.

bicameral - having two branches or chambers.

What is the difference in a charter colony and a royal colony?

Charter - king gives someone else authority to take control

Royal - King is in charge and in control

What was the only state not represented at the constitutional convention?

Rhode Island

What was the difference in the Federalist and Anti-Federalist parties?

Federalists were for the Constitution, and anti-federalists were against it.

Federalists

James Madison

George Washington

Alexander Hamilton

Anti-Federalists

Patrick Henry

George Mason

Samuel Adams

What officially brought the U.S. into existence?

Declaration of Independence

What was the significance of Jamestown, Virginia?

the first permanent English settlement in North America

What was James Madison known for in regards to the Constitution and the convention?

recorded the most accurate account of the convention & became known as the “Father of the Constitution”.

What was the first working government of the US?

Second Continental Congress - its purpose was to win the Revolutionary War.

What was the first permanent attempt at government? Why did it fail?

Articles of Confederation. Failed because the states had more power than the national government.

What is a confederacy?

a league/alliance in Confederate States

What was added to the original Constitution to gain support of the Anti-Federalists?

Bill of Rights

Virginia Plan

- Written by James Madison

- Presented by Edmund Randolph (Governor of VA)

- Called for representation to be based on population

New Jersey Plan (favored small states)

- Presented in response to the Virginia Plan

- Presented by William Patterson

- Called for equal representation (one state, one vote)

PROBLEM: gave central of government to a minority

Connecticut (Great) Compromise

- Written by Roger Sherman (Connecticut)

- Ben Franklin helped push it through & served as a “peace-maker” between the large and small states

- Called for a bicameral (2-house) legislature

who did most of the writing on the declaration of independence?

Thomas Jefferson

What is politics?

- It is generally a good thing.

- The attempt to solve problems between human needs and social factors.

What is the fundamental political unit in the world today?

Nation - State

CONCEPT OF DEMOCRACY - Civil Rights

rights and freedoms guaranteed to all individuals

CONCEPT OF DEMOCRACY - Majority rules BUT minority still has rights

the will of the majority guides policy, but basic rights like freedom of speech and equal protection are guaranteed to all individuals

CONCEPT OF DEMOCRACY - Individualism

a social theory favoring freedom of action for individuals over collective or state control.

CONCEPT OF DEMOCRACY - Compromise

reaching an agreement by mutual concessions

CONCEPT OF DEMOCRACY - Equal opportunity for all citizens

everyone has the same access to resources and the right to be treated fairly

What is government?

The way people organize themselves.

What is compromise?

an agreement or a settlement of a dispute that is reached by each side making concessions.

Prior to 1760, why did England not exercise much control over the colonies?

Distance, England was in constant war with France.

What four things are necessary for a nation to exist?

People, land w/ a boundary, sovereignty, government

What is sovereignty?

supreme power or authority.