The real heart of the progressive movement was the effort by reformers to

a. get the government off the backs of the people

b. promote economic and social equality.

c. ensure the Jeffersonian style of government.

d. use the government as an agency of human welfare.

e. preserve world peace.

d

Female progressives often justified their reformist political activities on the basis of

a. the harsh treatment of working women by employers.

b. America's need to catch up with more progressive European nations.

c. women's inherent rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

d. the need to assert female power against male oppression

e. their being essentially an extension of women's traditional roles as wives and mothers.

e

The religious movement that was closely linked to progressivism was

a. the Social Gospel

b. the Young Men's and Young Women's Christian Association.

c. conservative evangelicalism.

d. the missionary movement.

e. the Catholic Action movement.

a

Lincoln Steffens, in his series of articles entitled The Shame of the Cities

a. exposed the deplorable conditions of blacks in urban areas.

b. unmasked the corporate alliance between big business and municipal government.

c. laid bare insider trading practices on the stock market.

d. uncovered official collusion in prostitution and white slavery.

e. exposed the United States Senate as a millionaire's club.

b

Most muckrakers believed that their primary function in the progressive attack on the social ills was to

a. formulate a consistent philosophy on social reform

b. devise solutions to society's problems.

c. explain the causes of social ills.

d. make the public aware of social problems.

e. link up with movements for social justice.

d

The leading progressive organization advocating prohibition of liquor was

a. the Women's Christian Temperance Union.

b. the General Federation of Women's Clubs.

c. the National Consumers League.

d. the Progressive Party.

e. Hull House.

a

The Seventeenth Amendment to the Constitution was a key progressive reform designed to

a. make Senators directly elected and end the Senate millionaire's club.

b. end the corrupt and family-destroying influence of the liquor industry.

c. enable the President to be elected directly by the people rather than by the electoral college.

d. guarantee the secret Australian ballot in all federal elections.

e. prohibit child labor.

a

According to progressives, the cure for all of American democracy's ills was

a. socialism

b. a more conservative government

c. more democracy

d. a third political party

e. technical and scientific expertise

c

All of the following were prime goals of earnest progressives except

a. prohibition

b. ending prostitution and white slavery

c. women's suffrage

d. treating women in the workplace exactly the same as men

e. the direct elections of senators

d

In Mueller v. Oregon, the Supreme Court upheld the principal promoted by progressives like Florence Kelley and Louis Brandeis that

a. child labor under the age of fourteen should be prohibited.

b. the federal government should regulate occupational safety and health.

c. women's factory labor should be limited to ten hours a day, five days a week.

d. female workers required special rules and protection on the job.

e. female workers should receive equal pay for equal work.

d

The case of Lochner v. New York represented a setback for progressives and labor advocates because in its ruling, the Supreme Court

a. declared that prohibiting child labor would require a constitutional amendment.

b. upheld the constitutionality of a law enabling business to fire labor organizers.

c. declared unconstitutional a law providing special protection for women workers.

d. declared a law limiting work to ten hours a day unconstitutional.

e. ruled that fire and safety regulations were local and not state or federal concerns.

d

Teddy Roosevelt helped to end the 1902 strike in the anthracite coal mines by

a. appealing to mine owners' and workers' sense of the public interest.

b. helping the mine owners to import strike-breakers.

c. passing legislation making the miners' union illegal.

d. threatening to seize the mines and to operate them with federal troops

e. using the military to force the miners back to work.

d

The Elkins and Hepburn Acts were designed to

a. guarantee the purity of food and drugs.

b. provide federal protection for natural resources

c. end the corrupt and exploitative practices by the railroad trusts.

d. improve women's working conditions.

e. regulate municipal utilities and end private utility monopolies.

c

Teddy Roosevelt believed that large corporate trusts

a. were simply too powerful to be broken up or regulated

b. had to all be busted up if the American economy were to thrive.

c. were bad only if they acted as monopolies against the public interest.

d. were essential to American national power and economic growth.

e. should be balanced by strong labor unions.

c

Passage of the federal Meat Inspection Act was inspired by the publication of

a. Henry Demarest Lloyd's Wealth Against Commonwealth.

b. Jack London's The Call of the Wild.

c. Theodore Dreiser's The Titan.

d. Upton Sinclair's The Jungle.

e. Jacob Riis's How the Other Half Lives.

d

According to the text, Teddy Roosevelt's most important and enduring achievement may have been

a. protecting the American consumer

b. conserving American resources and protecting the environment.

c. busting the corporate monopoly trusts.

d. building the Panama Canal.

e. mediating an end to the Russo-Japanese War.

b

The western preservationists suffered their worst political setback when

a. the city of Los Angeles built canals to bring water from the Sierra Nevada Mountains.

b. the Yosemite National Park was opened to motor vehicles.

c. California's Hetch Hetchy Valley was dammed to supply water to San Francisco.

d. California refused to control suburban sprawl into fragile mountain and desert areas.

e. private developers were allowed to cut off public access to the Pacific Coast beaches.

c

President Taft's foreign policy was dubbed

a. the Good Neighbor policy

b. big-stick diplomacy

c. dollar diplomacy

d. sphere-of-influence diplomacy.

e. the Open Door policy.

c

Teddy Roosevelt decided to run for the presidency in 1912 because

a. William Howard Taft had seemed to discard Roosevelt's progressive policies.

b. Senator Robert La Follette encouraged him to do so.

c. Woodrow Wilson appeared to be a very strong democratic candidate.

d. Taft decided not to run for a second term.

e. the Democratic party was split.

a

The settlement house and women's club movements were crucial centers of female progressive activity because they

a. provided literary and philosophical perspectives on social questions.

b. broke down the idea that women had special concerns as wives and mothers.

c. helped slum children to read Dante and Shakespeare.

d. introduced many middle-class women to a broader array of urban social problems and civic concerns.

e. became the launching pads for women seeking political office.

d

While president, Theodore Roosevelt chose to label his reform proposals as the

a. New Deal

b. Big Stick

c. Big Deal

d. Square Deal

e. Fair Deal

d

Activists in the anti-liquor campaigns saw saloons and alcohol as intimately linked with

a. None of these

b. All of these

c. crooked city officials, paid off by liquor companies

d. prostitution

e. drunken voters

b

Teddy Roosevelt weakened himself politically after his election in 1904 when he

a. refused to do anything in response to the Roosevelt Panic. Correct!

b. announced that he would not be a candidate for a third term as president.

c. began to reduce his trust-busting activity.

d. got into a quarrel with his popular Secretary of War, William Taft.

e. supported the Federal Reserve Act.

b

Progressive reformers included which of the following?

a. Pacifists

b. Militarists

c. All of these

d. Female settlement workers

e. Labor unionists

c

The public outcry after the horrible Triangle Shirtwaist fire led many states to pass

a. anti-sweatshop and workers' compensation laws for job injuries.

b. laws guaranteeing unions the right to raise safety concerns.

c. zoning regulations governing where dangerous industrial factories could be located.

d. laws requiring mandatory fire escapes for all businesses employing more than 10 people.

e. laws from preventing women from working in the needle trades.

a

By 1910, all of the following were true about women's efforts to gain the vote except

a. Prohibitionists thought they could count on votes of enfranchised women.

b. states in the West had gradually extended the vote to women.

c. a federal amendment granting the right to vote was about to be passed.

d. reformers embraced votes for women as a way to elevate the political tone.

e. Progressives supported the movement.

c

The progressive-inspired city-manager system of government

a. opened urban politics to new immigrants.

b. made giant strides under the leadership of Hiram Johnson.

c. was developed in Wisconsin.

d. brought democracy to urban dwellers.

e. was designed to remove politics from municipal administration.

e

When Upton Sinclair wrote The Jungle, he intended his book to focus attention on the

a. corruption in the United States Senate.

b. deplorable conditions in the drug industry

c. unhealthy effects of beef consumption

d. plight of workers in the stockyards and meat-packing industry.

e. unsanitary conditions that existed in the meat-packing industry.

d