Adaptation

the action or process of adapting or being adapted.

Aerobic exercise

Aerobic exercise refers to physical activities that involve the use of oxygen to generate energy

Anaerobic exercise

Anaerobic exercise refers to physical activity that does not require oxygen as an energy source. It involves short, intense bursts of effort that push the body's muscles beyond their aerobic capacity.

Cardiovascular endurance

Cardiovascular endurance refers to the body's ability to sustain physical activity over an extended period while maintaining an adequate oxygen supply to the muscles. It is a measure of the efficiency of the heart, lungs, and circulatory system in delivering oxygen to the body during exercise.

Concentric exercise

Concentric exercises are a type of muscle contraction where the muscle shortens while producing force. This occurs when the muscle fibers slide closer together, generating movement.

Cool down

"Cool down" has several meanings depending on the context. In the context of exercise, it refers to gradually decreasing the intensity of a workout to allow the body to return to a resting state. In other contexts, it can mean to calm down or become less intense, or to reduce the temperature of something.

Diminishing return

proportionally smaller profits or benefits derived from something as more money or energy is invested in it.

Eccentric exercise

Eccentric exercises are movements where muscles lengthen under tension. This means that the muscles are contracting while being pulled apart.

Exercise plateau

An exercise plateau occurs when your body becomes accustomed to the demands of your current workout routine, resulting in a stagnation of progress. You may not see further improvements in strength, endurance, or weight loss, despite continuing to exercise.

F.I.T.T. principle

The FITT principle stands for Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type. It is a framework used in exercise prescription to design effective and personalized workout plans.

Flexibility

Flexibility is the ability of a joint or series of joints to move through an unrestricted, pain free range of motion. Although flexibility varies widely from person to person, minimum ranges are necessary for maintaining joint and total body health.

Heart rate

Heart rate is the number of times the heart beats per minute (bpm). It is a measure of the heart's activity and is typically expressed as a numerical value.

Muscular contraction

Muscle contraction refers to the process by which a muscle fiber generates force and shortens or lengthens. It occurs when the muscle fiber receives a signal from the nervous system, leading to the release of calcium ions. These ions bind to proteins within the muscle fiber, triggering the sliding of actin and myosin filaments along each other, resulting in muscle shortening.

Muscular endurance

Muscular endurance refers to the ability of a muscle or group of muscles to sustain repeated contractions over an extended period without fatigue. It is a measure of the muscle's ability to resist tiredness and continue performing tasks that require prolonged muscle activity.

Muscular strength

Muscular strength refers to the ability of a muscle or muscle group to exert maximum force against resistance. It is measured by the amount of weight or force that can be lifted or resisted in a single repetition (1RM).

Overload principle

The principle of overload in training means progressively challenging the body with increasing demands over time to improve fitness. This involves gradually increasing the intensity, duration, or frequency of exercise to stimulate adaptation and growth in the muscles and other tissues.

Plyometrics

Plyometrics, also known as jump training, are exercises that involve rapid stretching and contracting of muscles to increase muscle power. They focus on building explosiveness and speed by using the stretch-shortening cycle, which involves an eccentric (stretching) contraction followed immediately by a concentric (contracting) contraction.

Range of motion

Range of motion (ROM) refers to the degree to which a joint can move freely. It's the extent of movement a joint can achieve in various directions, typically measured in degrees. Factors like joint type, surrounding muscles, tendons, and ligaments influence ROM.

Repetitions

the action of repeating something that has already been said or written.

Warm-up

a period or act of preparation for a game, performance, or exercise session, involving gentle exercise or practice.