Character:

A person, animal, being, creature, or thing in a
story.

Characterization:

The act of creating and describing
characters in literature.

Understatement:

A literary device by which a
particular quality of a person, object, emotion, or situation is
downplayed or presented as being less than what is true to the
situation.

Connotation:

A feeling or idea that a word has, in
addition to its literal or main meaning.

Denotation:

The objective meaning of a word.

Archetype:

A character archetype in novel terms is a type of character
who represents a universal pattern, and therefore appeals to our human
;collective unconscious.

Euphemism:

A euphemism is a word or phrase that softens an
uncomfortable topic.

Cliche:

Can refer to any aspect of a literary narrative—a specific
phrase, scenario, genre, or character.

Consonance:

Agreement or compatibility between opinions or actions.

Paradox:

A seemingly absurd or self-contradictory statement or
proposition that when investigated or explained may prove to be well
founded or true.

Assonance:

The repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds in a series
of words, phrases, and/or syllables.

Allegory:

A story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a
hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.

Propaganda:

Information, especially of a biased or misleading nature,
used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of
view.