Which of the following correctly describes the law of segregation?

It states that allele pairs segregate during gametogenesis and reunite randomly during the fertilization process.

Which of these is a function of a ribosome?

Ribosomes can decode mRNA and assemble amino acids for protein synthesis.

The number of protons is the same as?

The atomic number

Which of the following statements is true about protons?

The number of protons in the nucleus is the defining property of an element.

A lipid or fat molecule can be broken down into fatty acids and __________.

glycerol

Which of the following prefixes would likely be the most appropriate for measuring the weight of a 2,500 g kitten?

Kilo

Which of these bonds would we see between nitrogenous bases?

Hydrogen bonds

Which of the following is the most accurate description of the link between chromosomes and DNA?

Chromosomes include numerous genes, each of which is made up of a DNA sequence.

Which of the following statements about diffusion is true?

1. Diffusion is the net movement of molecules or atoms from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
2. Osmosis is an example of diffusion.
3. Gas exchange in tissues is an example of diffusion.
4. Diffusion is a passive process

Which of the following hormones is not increased in response to dehydration?

Erythropoietin

In which segment of the nephron is glucose reabsorbed?

Proximal convoluted tubule

What is the correct sequence in which inhaled air passes through the respiratory tract?

1. Nasal Cavity

2. Pharynx

Which of the following is a hypothesis?

If a student gets more sleep, they will get a higher test score.

The _________________ is the blood vessel that carries oxygen-depleted blood away from the heart.

pulmonary artery

The generation of tension in a muscle is called __________.

Contraction

The respiratory system is composed of organs that facilitate gas exchange between the blood and the external environment. Which of the following describes the group of organs that function during gas exchange?

Organ System

Which of the following is the process by which gametes divide and produce half the number of chromosomes found in a somatic cell?

Meiosis

Which of the following correctly describes anatomical position?

Upright, arms at sides, palms facing anteriorly

Which of the following is a substance that the kidneys remove from the blood during filtration?

Salts

T-lymphocytes mature and become functional in which of the following organs?

Thymus

Melatonin is the hormone that regulates sleep-and-wake rhythm. Which of the following endocrine glands is responsible for producing melatonin?

Pineal

Which of the following substances would not dissolve in water?

C₃H₆

Gas exchange between the blood and alveoli would be enhanced by ______________, but impeded by __________________.

increased alveolar surface area; decreased membrane thickness

The majority of nutrient absorption occurs in the _________________.

Small Intestine

Which of the following causes bone matrix resorption during bone growth and remodeling?

Osteoclasts

Which of the following antigen-specific immune cells produce cytokines, which facilitate various immune reactions?

Helper T-cell

Movement of molecules in a substance depends on _______ energy.

Heat

Which would be the approximate mass of a car?

1,800 kg

The same single-replacement reaction is run in two different beakers. The beakers are labeled as Beaker A and B and are heated to 75^oC and 100^oC, respectively. If the reactions are run for 15 minutes each, which of the following results would you expect to observe?

Beaker B produces more product than Beaker A

Enzymes are biological catalysts that ___________.

Increase the rate of any given reaction

Why are control groups used in experiments?

To minimize the effect of variables