What is the most simple metazoan?

Cnhidarians

What type of body symmetry do Cnidarians have?

Radial (some biradial)

oral-aboral axis

axis in which radiate body parts are arranged around

What level of organization do Cnidarias have?

tissue

What are the classes of Cnidarians?

-Staurozoa
-Anthozoa
-Scyphozoa
-Cubozoa
-Hydrozoa

How many species of Staurozoa are there?

50

How many species of Cubozoa are there?

10

How many species of Anthozoa are there?

6000

How many species of Hydrozoa are there?

2700

How many species of Scyphozoa are there?

150

Which classes have a medusoid body form?

-Scyphozoa
-Cubozoa
-Hydrozoa

Which classes exist only in a medusoid body form?

-Scyphozoa
-Cubozoa

Which classes have an alternation of generations between medusoid and polyp forms?

Hydrozoa

Which class has hexaradial or octaradial symmetry?

Anthozoa

Which class exhibits strobilation?

Scyphozoa

Are Cnidarians diploblastic or triploblastic?

diploblastic

What germ layers do Cnidarians have?

endoderm and ectoderm

Are germ layers adaptive or derived in Cnidarians?

adaptive

Is the gastrovascular cavity of Cnidarians complete?

no

Are Cnidarians protostomes or dueterostomes?

protostomes?

What type of skeleton do Cnidarians tend to have?

hydrostatic

How does the gastrovascular cavity open to the environment?

mouth

What is the sister phylum of Cnidarians?

Ctenophora

What are Ctenophora?

comb jellies

What are Ctenophora and Cnidaria grouped together as?

Radiate phyla

What is a big difference between Ctenophora and Cnidaria?

Cnidaria have cnidocytes and dimorphism is common in them

cnidocytes

stinging cells

dimorphism

presence in a species of more than morphological kind of individual
-polyp and medusa

What is another name for the polyp form?

hydroid form

How do polyps move?

they don't (sessile)

What is another name for the medusa form?

jellyfish form

What type of movement do medusa have?

free swimming

What class is considered the "true jellies"?

scyphozoans

How do polyps reproduce?

asexually

How do medusa reproduce?

sexually

Are medusa diploid or haploid?

diploid

Are polyps diploid or haploid?

diploid

Are Cnidarian gametes diploid or haploid?

haploid

Why are hydras atypical of the class hyrdozoa?

no medusa stage

Do hydra live in solitude or colonies?

solitude

Are hydras freshwater or marine?

freshwater

Is obelia marine or freshwater?

marine

Do Obelia live in solitude or colonies?

colonies

Are Obelia polyps or medusa bigger?

polyps

Which species of hydrozoa are more plantlike or animal-like in appearence?

Obelia

Is Gonionemus freshwater or marine?

marine

Are Gonionemus polyps or medusa bigger?

medusa

How are medusa produced?

Asexual budding

Where are hydras found?

pools, quiet springs, and spring ponds--- underneath vegetation

hypostome

conical area surrounded by tentacles that bears the mouth

Where are the testes located in a hydra?

bud on its side at the oral end

operculum

tiny lid of a cnidocyte that pops off when the nematocyst discharges

mesoglea

thin, jelly like layer that acts as an elastic skeleton and provides strength and flexibility

Where does extracellular digestion begin?

gastrodermis

cnidocils

tiny hairlike triggers projecting from nematocytes,help discharge the nematocyst

What structure gives a warty appearance on the surface of the tentacles?

cnidocytes

basal disc

how a hydra sticks to surfaces- on the aboral surface

nematocytes

stinging organelle of a cnidocyte

Which cells develop to replace cnidocytes?

interstitial cells

What type of cells make up the epidermis of hydra?

epitheliomuscular cells

Where is the nerve net located?

Right below the epidermal layer

intersitial cells

small dark embryonic cells that can be found at the bases of epitheliomuscular cells

gland cells

secrete mucus onto the body

mesoglea

noncellular layer between the epidermis and gastrodermis, elastic skeleton

What do nutritive-muscular cells do?

-allow the hydra to change shape
-engulf food
-discharge enzymes to the gastrovascular cavity
-cilia keep food circulating

What cells make up the gastrodermis?

nutritive-muscular cells

What cells are found in both the epidermis and gastrodermis?

sensory cells

monoecious

organism has both male and female reproductive parts

dioecious

organism is either male or female

Where are sex organs found in hydra?

epidermis

What do testes contain?

spermatazoa

What side of a hydra are the ovaries found?

the basal end

Where does a hydra zygote form?

attached to the parent

dimorphic

having multiple stages (both polyp and medusa)

What does an Obelia colony arise from?

planula larva

stolon

rootlike fixture used for attachment

coenosarc

the living part of the colony

What secretes the persarc?

the epidermis

perisarc

thin, protective covering of the coensarc

zooids

another name for a polyp

hydranths

nutritive polyps

gongangia

reproductive polyps

Which polyp of Obelia have tentacles

hydranths

mudusae buds

grow on a stalk in the gongangia

pore in the gongangia young medusae escape from

gonopore

found in protected costal and bay areas

Gonionemus

hydrozoan medusae

hyrdromedusae

jellyfish of the class Scyphozoa

syphomedusae

convex/aboral surface fof a medusae

exumbrella

concave (oral) surface of a medusae

subumbrella

make and store nemocysts, help in extracellular digestion, act as sensory organs

tentacular bulb

organs of equilibrium, little sacs containing calcareous secretions

statocysts

circular shelflike membrane that aids in subumbrellar movement

velum

suspended from the central surface of the subumbrellar cavity with the mouth at the distal end

manubrium

surrounds the mouth (x4)

oral lobes

Wht does the gastrovasuclar cavity contain?

gullet, stomach, four radial canals,ring canal

is the mesoglea thicker in the medusa or hydroi form?

medusa

moon jelly

Aurelia auria

Is the mesoglea thicker in hydromedusae or scyphomedusae?

scyphomedusae

lacks a velum

Scyphozoans

body arranged uun multiples of 4

syphomedusae

teramerous radial symmetry

arranged in furs

Are scyphozoans monoiceous or diecous?

dieoucous

Where d embryos develop in scyphozoans?

oral arms

planula larvae

larvae of sscyphozoans, free swimming

substratum

where planular larvae attach to mature

scyphozoan polyps

scyphistomae

buds off youn scyphoxzoan medusae

stobila

young scyphozoan medusae

ephyrae

lion's mane jellyfish

cyanea capiltata

sea wasp

Chironex fleckeri

sense organ containing a statacyst and ocellus

rhopalium

flanks the rhopalium

lappet

what are orl arms modifications of?

manubrium

where re the gonads located in scyphozoan medusae

gastric pouches

subgenitalpit

respiratory function

digestive canal that follows the outer margin

ring cnal

stomach and canal system that resembles a wheel

medusoid gut (scyphozoan)

What tye of digestion do scyphozoan medusae have?

intracellular and extracellular

What bis the most common sea anaenome on the Atlatic coast?

Metridium senile

What class lacks a medusa?

class anthozoa

anthozoan white thradlike structure containing nematocysts usded for defense?

acontia

3 regions of a sea anenomae

oral idsc, basal disc, cylindrical coulumn

smooth surfaced ciliated groove surrounding ananomae's mouth, circulates water

siphonoglyph

peristome

smooth space between the outh and tentacles

primary septa

separates the gastrovasular cavity into 6 chambers

ananomoae gonads

resembles stacks of coins

what class does coral belong to?

anthozoa

rim of coral cup

theca

radial paritions within the theca

sclerosepta

Which class has both polyps and medusa, though one may supressed, velum presetnt

hydrozoa

true jellyfish, medusa dominant, no velum, solitary

scyphozoa

soliatry, no medusa, clusters of 8 bdy plan

staurozoa

solitary, reduced polyp, square medusa cross section, no velum but has a velarium

cubozoa

all polyps, no medusae, gastrovasular caivities separated by mesentaries

anthozoa