Print Options

Card layout: ?

← Back to notecard set|Easy Notecards home page

Instructions for Side by Side Printing
  1. Print the notecards
  2. Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
  4. Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
  1. Verify Front of pages is selected for Viewing and print the front of the notecards
  2. Select Back of pages for Viewing and print the back of the notecards
    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal and vertical dotted line
To print: Ctrl+PPrint as a list

9 notecards = 3 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Exercise 8 The Fungi: Yeasts and Molds

front 1

What does the term "coenocytic" mean?

back 1

Coenocytic is a type of fungal mycelium that is not separated into individual cells by cross walls. Cellular organelles, nuclei, and cytoplasmic constituents move freely by cytoplasmic streaming.

front 2

What criteria are the basic for traditional classification schemes? What modern approach to classification has shown that traditional schemes do not apply?

back 2

Fungi have been traditionally classified using morphology and reproductive mechanisms. Modern approaches use genetic analysis which has shown that traditional approaches were not always correct in establishing the taxonomic groupings. However, identification still relies considerably on morphology.

front 3

What unique compound is found in the cell walls of fungi but is absent in plant cell walls?

back 3

Fungi contain chitin in their cell walls whereas plants contain cellulose

front 4

What is one of the fungi that is responsible for infections of skin and nails?

back 4

The genus Trichophyton causes many infections in humans associated with hair, skin, and nails

front 5

What does the term "dimorphic" refer to? Give an example of an organism that is dimorphic and what disease it causes.

back 5

Dimorphic refers to fungi that grow as yeast forms in tissue and reproduce by budding, but produce mycelium and sporulation structures when grown in nutrient medium. Histoplasma capsulatum is an example of a dimorphic fungus.

front 6

How do zygospores differ from conidiospores?

back 6

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SEXUAL AND ASEXUAL SPORES? Conidiospores are asexual spores that form on specialized hyphae called conidiophores. Sporangiospores are asexual spores that develop inside sporangia. Asexual means geneticially identical, with many spores being developed. Sexual spores form by the fusion and genetic exchange between genetically distinct hyphae.

front 7

What foods are produced by fungi?

back 7

Fermentation by yeasts produce fermented beverages such as beer and wine. Yeasts are also used in bread making, which is a fermentation process. Fungi are important in producing cheeses such as blue cheese and Roquefort. Mushrooms are used in a variety of foods such as pasta and pizza.

front 8

Why might fungi have been theorized to be involved in the Salem witch trials?

back 8

The fungus Claviceps can infect grain, producing ergot alkaloids that are hallucinogenic. Some of the people involved in the Salem witch trial displayed symptoms characteristic of ergot poisoning that could have come from bread made with infected grain.

front 9

What are mycotoxins? In what popular food might they be found?

back 9

Mycotoxins are toxins that are carcinogens, i.e., cause cancer. They occur in peanuts and grains infected with fungi.